24 research outputs found
Vastasyntyneen kylvetysohjausvideot Keski-Suomen keskussairaalan kÀyttöön
Synnytysten jÀlkeiset sairaalassaoloajat ovat lyhentyneet 90-luvulta lÀhtien. TÀmÀn vuoksi hoitohenkilökunnalta vaaditaan tiiviimpÀÀ perheiden ohjausta ja avoterveydenhuollon palvelujen kehittÀmistÀ.
OpinnÀytetyön toimeksiantajana oli Keski-Suomen keskussairaalan naistenosasto. Tarkoituksena oli tuottaa vastasyntyneen kylvetysohjausvideoita toimeksiantajalle. Tavoitteena oli lisÀtÀ vanhempien tietoutta ja rohkeutta vastasyntyneen kylvetykseen. Tavoitteena oli myös, ettÀ videot tÀydentÀvÀt terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten antamaa kylvetysohjausta.
Toimeksiantaja pystyy vÀhentÀmÀÀn sairaalassa annettavaa fyysistÀ kylvetysohjausta, koska tulevaisuudessa kylvetysohjauksen olisi tarkoitus tapahtua pÀÀosin videoiden avulla. Vanhemmat pystyvÀt katsomaan videoita kotona Keski-Suomen keskussairaalan verkkosivuilta ennen ja jÀlkeen synnytyksen. Sairaalassa lapsivuodeaikana vanhemmat pÀÀsevÀt halutessaan kylvettÀmÀÀn ohjattuna.
OpinnÀytetyö toteutettiin tutkimuksellisena kehittÀmistoimintana. Tuotoksena syntyi neljÀ videota: kylvetykseen valmistautuminen, kylvetys, kylvetyksen jÀlkeiset toiminnot ja navanhoito. Videoiden sisÀltö perustuu aineistoon, johon hankittiin ajankohtaista nÀyttöön perustuvaa tutkimustietoa vastasyntyneen kylvettÀmisestÀ. Aineisto koostui muun muassa tutkimuksista ja tieteellisistÀ artikkeleista.
Videoista tehtiin laadukkaat, jotta niistĂ€ on mahdollisimman paljon hyötyĂ€ perheille. Laatu taattiin huolellisella suunnitellulla, tieteellisellĂ€ aineistolla, kĂ€sikirjoituksen laatimisella sekĂ€ ammattitaitoisella kuvauksella ja editoinnilla.Hospital stays after labour have become shorter since the 1990âs. For this reason, closer guidance and developing the open health care services are required from the health care professionals.
The thesis was assigned by the Gynaecological Ward of Central Finland Central Hospital. The purpose was to produce four guidance videos for new-born bathing. The aim was to raise parentsâ awareness and encourage new-born bathing. The aim was also to supplement the bathing guidance given by health care professionals.
The assignor of the thesis is able to decrease hospital-based bathing guidance because it would mainly happen by means of videos in the future. Parents are able to watch the videos at home on Central Finland Central Hospitalsâ web site before and after labour. During the puerperium in hospital, the parents can bathe the new-born under supervision if they so wish.
The thesis was implemented as an investigative development work. The output was four guidance videos for new-born bathing: preparation for bathing, bathing and procedures after bathing as well as umbilical cord care. The contents of the videos are based on current evidence-based research information on new-born bathing. The information was obtained from studies and research articles.
The production of the videos aimed at high quality so that they would be of the maximum benefit for the families. The quality was guaranteed with careful planning, literature reviews, script preparation and with professional shooting and editing.TÀmÀn tuotoksen videot ovat nÀhtÀvissÀ Keski-Suomen keskussairaalan verkkosivuilla
A 2 year physical activity and dietary intervention attenuates the increase in insulin resistance in a general population of children: the PANIC study
Funder: The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in CambridgeFunder: Finnish Innovation Fund SitraFunder: Foundation for Paediatric ResearchFunder: Ministry of Social Affairs and Health of FinlandFunder: Yrjö Jahnsson FoundationFunder: Research Committee of the Kuopio University Hospital Catchment Area (State Research Funding)Funder: The city of KuopioFunder: The UK Medical Research CouncilFunder: Finnish Cultural FoundationFunder: Ministry of Education and Culture of FinlandFunder: Juho Vainio FoundationFunder: Paavo Nurmi FoundationFunder: Diabetes Research Foundation in FinlandFunder: Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular ResearchFunder: Social Insurance Institution of FinlandAbstract: Aims/hypothesis: We studied for the first time the long-term effects of a combined physical activity and dietary intervention on insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose in a general population of predominantly normal-weight children. Methods: We carried out a 2 year non-randomised controlled trial in a population sample of 504 children aged 6â9 years at baseline. The children were allocated to a combined physical activity and dietary intervention group (306 children at baseline, 261 children at 2-year follow-up) or a control group (198 children, 177 children) without blinding. We measured fasting insulin and fasting glucose, calculated HOMA-IR, assessed physical activity and sedentary time by combined heart rate and body movement monitoring, assessed dietary factors by a 4 day food record, used the Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index (FCHEI) as a measure of overall diet quality, and measured body fat percentage (BF%) and lean body mass by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The intervention effects on insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR were analysed using the intention-to-treat principle and linear mixed-effects models after adjustment for sex, age at baseline, and pubertal status at baseline and 2 year follow-up. The measures of physical activity, sedentary time, diet and body composition at baseline and 2 year follow-up were entered one-by-one as covariates into the models to study whether changes in these variables might partly explain the observed intervention effects. Results: Compared with the control group, fasting insulin increased 4.65 pmol/l less (absolute change +8.96 vs +13.61 pmol/l) and HOMA-IR increased 0.18 units less (+0.31 vs +0.49 units) over 2 years in the combined physical activity and dietary intervention group. The intervention effects on fasting insulin (regression coefficient ÎČ for intervention effect â0.33 [95% CI â0.62, â0.04], p = 0.026) and HOMA-IR (ÎČ for intervention effect â0.084 [95% CI â0.156, â0.012], p = 0.023) were statistically significant after adjustment for sex, age at baseline, and pubertal status at baseline and 2 year follow-up. The intervention had no effect on fasting glucose, BF% or lean body mass. Changes in total physical activity energy expenditure, light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, total sedentary time, the reported consumption of high-fat (â„60%) vegetable oil-based spreads, and FCHEI, but not a change in BF% or lean body mass, partly explained the intervention effects on fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. Conclusions/interpretation: The combined physical activity and dietary intervention attenuated the increase in insulin resistance over 2 years in a general population of predominantly normal-weight children. This beneficial effect was partly mediated by changes in physical activity, sedentary time and diet but not changes in body composition. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01803776 Graphical abstrac
The effects of a 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipid concentrations in children: the PANIC Study
Funder: Opetus- ja Kulttuuriministeriö; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003126Funder: Sosiaali- ja Terveysministeriö; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008487Abstract: Purpose: We studied the effects of a physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipids in a general population of children. We also investigated how lifestyle changes contributed to the intervention effects. Methods: We carried out a 2-year controlled, non-randomized lifestyle intervention study among 504 mainly prepubertal children aged 6â9 years at baseline. We assigned 306 children to the intervention group and 198 children to the control group. We assessed plasma concentrations of total, LDL, HDL, and VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL triglycerides, and VLDL triglycerides. We evaluated the consumption of foods using 4-day food records and physical activity using a movement and heart rate sensor. We analyzed data using linear mixed-effect models adjusted for age at baseline, sex, and pubertal stage at both time points. Furthermore, specific lifestyle variables were entered in these models. Results: Plasma LDL cholesterol decreased in the intervention group but did not change in the control group ( â 0.05 vs. 0.00 mmol/L, regression coefficient (ÎČ) = â 0.0385, p = 0.040 for group*time interaction). This effect was mainly explained by the changes in the consumption of high-fat vegetable oil-based spreads (ÎČ = â 0.0203, + 47% change in ÎČ) and butter-based spreads (ÎČ = â 0.0294, + 30% change in ÎČ), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (ÎČ = â 0.0268, + 30% change in ÎČ), light physical activity (ÎČ = â 0.0274, + 29% change in ÎČ) and sedentary time (ÎČ = â 0.0270, + 30% change in ÎČ). The intervention had no effect on other plasma lipids. Conclusion: Lifestyle intervention resulted a small decrease in plasma LDL cholesterol concentration in children. The effect was explained by changes in quality and quantity of dietary fat and physical activity. Clinical Trial Registry Number: NCT01803776, ClinicalTrials.go
Kasvatuskumppanuus Mikkelin pÀivÀkodeissa työntekijöiden nÀkökulmasta
OpinnÀytetyömme toteutettiin Mikkelin kaupungin ja yksityisiin pÀivÀkoteihin. OpinnÀytetyössÀ selvitettiin kasvatuskumppanuuden toteutumista kÀytÀnnössÀ sekÀ sen vahvuuksia ja kehittÀmistarpeita. Tutkimus tehtiin työntekijöiden nÀkökulmasta.
Aineisto kerÀttiin Webropol-kyselylomakkeella. Kyselylomake lÀhetettiin 31 pÀivÀkodin johtajalle, jotka vÀlittivÀt kyselyn työntekijöilleen. Tutkimuskysymykset olivat toteutetaanko kasvatuskumppanuutta kaikissa Mikkelin pÀivÀkodeissa, kuinka se kÀytÀnnössÀ toteutuu sekÀ mitÀ vahvuuksia ja kehittÀmistarpeita kasvatuskumppanuudessa on. Tutkimus oli kvalitatiivinen, joten vastausten analysointi tehtiin peilaamalla niitÀ tutkijan eli meidÀn omaan pohdintaamme.
Teoriaosuudessa kÀsittelemme yleisesti varhaiskasvatusta, sitÀ ohjaavia lakeja ja sitÀ millainen on hyvÀ ammattikasvattaja sekÀ perehdymme opinnÀytetyömme ydinasiaan eli kasvatuskumppanuuteen. KÀsittelemme yleisesti kasvatuskumppanuutta, sen rakentumista ja periaatteita sekÀ sitÀ mitÀ mahdollisia haas-teita kasvatuskumppanuuden toteuttamisessa saattaa esiintyÀ. Oman huomionsa saa myös kasvatuskumppanuuden kanssa hyvin samanlainen kÀytÀntö eli omahoitajuus. Perehdymme myös eri yhteistyömuotoihin pÀivÀhoidossa sekÀ erilaisiin varhaiskasvatussuunnitelmiin.
Saimme kyselytutkimukseen 25 vastausta. Vastauksia ei voida yleistÀÀ koskemaan kaikkia Mikkelin pĂ€ivĂ€koteja, mutta niistĂ€ saadaan kattava kĂ€sitys kasvatuskumppanuuden toteutumisesta, koska suurin osa saaduista vastauksista oli hyvin samanlaisia. Tulosten perusteella havaittiin, ettĂ€ kasvatuskumppanuus on laajalti kĂ€ytettĂ€vĂ€ toimintatapa. Kasvatuskumppanuuteen suhtaudutaan pÀÀasiassa positiivisesti, kehittĂ€mistarpeina nĂ€htiin toteutustavan yhtenĂ€isyyden puuttuminen sekĂ€ kiire.This thesis was executed in the kindergartens of the city of Mikkeli. The main idea of this thesis was to discover how educational partnership is executed in practise and what are the strengths and development needs. This thesis was executed from employeeâs perspective.
Our research method was Webropol survey. Survey was send to 31 kindergarten leaders who relayed it to their employees. In survey were researched answerersâ backgrounds, which dealed with answererÂŽs workplace, job title and the age of the children with whom the answerer works. Open-ended questions concerned how educational partnership is executed in practise and what are the strengths and development needs. The research was qualitative, therefore analysis of the replies was done through the researcherÂŽs reflection.
In theory part is opened early childhood education, educational partnership, cooperation in day care and early childhood education plan.
To survey was got 25 answers thus those cannot be generalized concern all of the MikkeliÂŽs kindergartens. From the answers is got comprehensive understanding of the educational partnership, because answers were very similar. Based on the results was noticed that educational partnership is widely used method. Employees react positively towards it, one development challenge was that it is not a uniform policy
Naisvankien kehittÀmisnÀkökulmia ryhmÀtoimintaan
OpinnĂ€ytetyössĂ€ on tarkasteltu EhjĂ€ perhe â toiminnan HĂ€meenlinnan naisvangeille jĂ€rjestĂ€mÀÀ teemaryhmÀÀ, jonka tarkoitus oli tukea osallistujien naiseutta ja vanhemmuutta. OpinnĂ€ytetyön tarkoituksena oli tuottaa EhjĂ€ perhe â toiminnalle tietoa ryhmĂ€n onnistumisesta ja kehityskohteista selvittĂ€mĂ€llĂ€ ryhmÀÀn osallistuneiden naisvankien kokemuksia. Tavoitteena oli tutkia mitĂ€ mieltĂ€ ryhmÀÀn osallistuneet naiset olivat kĂ€sitellyistĂ€ aiheista, ohjaajien työskentelystĂ€ sekĂ€ ryhmĂ€stĂ€ kokonaisuutena. LisĂ€ksi tavoitteena oli selvittÀÀ millaisia ideoita ryhmÀÀn osallistuneilla vangeilla oli ryhmĂ€n kehittĂ€miseksi. Tiedon hyödyntĂ€misen tavoitteena on kehittÀÀ naisvangeille jĂ€rjestettĂ€vÀÀ ryhmĂ€toimintaa. OpinnĂ€ytetyön teoreettisessa viitekehyksessĂ€ perehdyttiin naisvankien tilanteeseen sekĂ€ Rikosseuraamuslaitoksen linjauksiin lapsi- ja perhetyöstĂ€. Teoriaosuudessa tarkasteltiin lisĂ€ksi vankeuden aikaista toimintaa, ryhmĂ€toiminnan naiserityisyyttĂ€, perhetyötĂ€ ja työelĂ€mĂ€n kehittĂ€mistĂ€.
OpinnĂ€ytetyö toteutettiin kvalitatiivisena tutkimuksena ja aineiston keruumenetelminĂ€ kĂ€ytettiin kyselylomaketta sekĂ€ teemahaastattelua. Aineisto analysoitiin teemoittelemalla. TyöelĂ€mĂ€n kehittĂ€miseksi ryhmĂ€toiminnasta tehtiin SWOT â nelikenttĂ€analyysi. KerĂ€tty aineisto osoitti, ettĂ€ ryhmĂ€ koettiin hyödyllisenĂ€. KriittistĂ€ palautetta naiset antoivat ryhmĂ€n kestolle sekĂ€ sisĂ€llölle. Kehitysideoina naiset nostivat esille ryhmĂ€kertojen lisÀÀmisen ja yksittĂ€isen ryhmĂ€kerran ajallisen pidentĂ€misen. JohtopÀÀtöksenĂ€ voidaan todeta, ettĂ€ ryhmĂ€n vahvuuksia oli sen naiserityisyys ja sisĂ€ltö. Heikkouksiksi on tuloksista tunnistettavissa ryhmĂ€kertojen mÀÀrĂ€ ja kertojen ajallinen kesto.EhjĂ€ perhe Child and Family Work organized themed group for female inmates. The aim of this Bachelorâs thesis was to examine female inmatesâ experiences of the content and conduct of the group. In addition, the aim was to provide information for EhjĂ€ perhe Child and Family Work about the success and development ideas of group. This study also examined inmatesâ ideas about improving the group sessions. The theoretical section discusses female prisoners, child and family work, imprisonment rehabilitation and development of working life.
The study was based on qualitative methods and the material was collected using a theme interview method. Interview data were analysed with thematic analysis. SWOT âanalysis were used to develop working life. Five inmates were interviewed for this study. The results show that all inmates experienced the group as useful. Ideas about improving the group sessions dealt with amount and duration of group sessions. This thesis provides information about the success and development ideas concerning the group to EhjĂ€ perhe Child and Family Work
Lapsen masennus
OpinnÀytetyön aihe sai alkunsa Haukkalan sairaalan kotihoidonyksiköstÀ. Henkilökunta koki tarvitsevansa kirjallista ohjemateriaalia annettavaksi perheille tiedonsaannin tueksi. Työ tehtiin pohjautuen kirjallisuuskatsaukseen ja asiantuntijahaastatteluihin. Asiantuntijahaastattelut kÀsitel-tiin sisÀllönanalyysillÀ. Teorian pohjalta työstettiin potilasohje lapsen masennuksesta Haukkalan sairaalan kÀyttöön.
OpinnÀytetyössÀ perehdyttiin alakouluikÀisen lapsen masennukseen ja sen hoitoon. Tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet, ettÀ lapsikin voi olla masentunut ja lasten pahoinvointi on lisÀÀntynyt. Tiedon-saanti sairaudesta ja hoidosta on osoittautunut puutteelliseksi. Samalla on noussut tarve kehittÀÀ mielenterveyspalveluita.
Lapsen masennuksen varhainen tunnistaminen on tÀrkeÀÀ ja haastavaa, sillÀ masennuksen oireet ovat moninaisia ja yksilöllisiÀ. Masentunut lapsi monesti turhaan leimautuu kÀytösongelmaiseksi. Toisaalta ylitunnollisuudella oireilevasta lapsesta ei osata edes huolestua. Yhteistyösuhde korostui hoidon jokaisella osa-alueella. Psykoedukatiivinen ohjaus on perusta hoitosuhteen on-nistumiselle. Hoitoon sitoutumista vahvistetaan antamalla asianmukaista tietoa. Tiedonannolla pyritÀÀn vÀhentÀmÀÀn turhia pelkoja, mahdollisia syyllisyydentunteita ja tukea uskoa parantumi-seen. Terveydenhuollon, sosiaalitoimen ja yhteistyötahojen tarkoituksena on auttaa perhettÀ löy-tÀmÀÀn omia voimavaroja ja selviytymiskeinoja. Hoidon onnistumisen ja lapsen paranemisen kannalta on ensiarvoisen tÀrkeÀÀ, ettÀ lapsen ja perheen vuorovaikutussuhde toimii. Masennuksen hoitoa voidaan toteuttaa erilaisilla tilanteeseen sopivilla tavoilla, esimerkiksi kotihoidolla, poliklinikkakÀynneillÀ ja tarvittaessa osastohoidolla. Hoitomuotoina voidaan kÀyttÀÀ esimerkiksi keskustelua ja terapioita, joiden onnistumista vakavissa masennuksissa tuetaan lÀÀkehoidolla.
Lapsen masennuksen hoidon punainen lanka on, ettei hoideta yksin lasta, vaan koko perhettÀ.Abstract
The subject of the thesis originated from the unit of home care of Haukkala Hospital. The per-sonnel expressed a need for guide material to pass to families as a support for gathering infor-mation. Work was done based on literature review and expert interviews. Expert interviews were handled with content analysis. For use in Haukkala Hospital, a patient's instruction concerning child's depression was
constructed based on researched theory.
The authors researched the depression and treatment of an elementary school aged child. Re-search has shown that also a child can be depressed and that childâs distress has increased. Available information on the disorder and the treatment has been found lacking. Also a need to develop mental health services has arisen.
The early recognition of a child's depression is important and challenging, as the symptoms are varied and individual. On one hand a depressed child is often considered to have behaviour problem, and on the other hand, a child whose only symptom is over diligence will be dismissed as a healthy child.
Partnership between health professionals and patient was stressed in each field of the treatment.
Psychoeducational instruction forms the basis of a successful treatment relationship. Proper information strengthens the commitment to treatment. Communication aims to lessen needless fears, alleviate
possible feelings of guilt, and support the trust in healing. Health care, Social services, and collaborative partners strive to help families obtain resources and coping mechanisms. Success of the treatment and the recovery of the child depend heavily on family interaction. The treatment of depression can be
carried out in many ways, choosing the method best suited to the situation, e.g. home care, clinic visits, or care on the ward. Forms of treatment can include for example discussions and therapy. Medical treatment can be used to support treatment in severe depressive episodes.
The main element of treating the depression of a child is to treat the whole family, not just the child
Lapsen masennus : AlakouluikÀisen lapsen oireiden tunnistaminen, hoito ja ohjaus
TiivistelmÀ
OpinnÀytetyön aihe sai alkunsa Haukkalan sairaalan kotihoidonyksiköstÀ. Henkilökunta koki tarvitsevansa kirjallista ohjemateriaalia annettavaksi perheille tiedonsaannin tueksi. Työ tehtiin pohjautuen kirjallisuuskatsaukseen ja asiantuntijahaastatteluihin. Asiantuntijahaastattelut kÀsiteltiin sisÀllönanalyysillÀ. Teorian pohjalta työstettiin potilasohje lapsen masennuksesta Haukkalan sairaalan kÀyttöön.
OpinnÀytetyössÀ perehdyttiin alakouluikÀisen lapsen masennukseen ja sen hoitoon. Tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet, ettÀ lapsikin voi olla masentunut ja lasten pahoinvointi on lisÀÀntynyt. Tiedonsaanti sairaudesta ja hoidosta on osoittautunut puutteelliseksi. Samalla on noussut tarve kehittÀÀ mielenterveyspalveluita.
Lapsen masennuksen varhainen tunnistaminen on tÀrkeÀÀ ja haastavaa, sillÀ masennuksen oireet ovat moninaisia ja yksilöllisiÀ. Masentunut lapsi monesti turhaan leimautuu kÀytösongelmaiseksi. Toisaalta ylitunnollisuudella oireilevasta lapsesta ei osata edes huolestua. Yhteistyösuhde korostui hoidon jokaisella osa-alueella. Psykoedukatiivinen ohjaus on perusta hoitosuhteen onnistumiselle. Hoitoon sitoutumista vahvistetaan antamalla asianmukaista tietoa. Tiedonannolla pyritÀÀn vÀhentÀmÀÀn turhia pelkoja, mahdollisia syyllisyydentunteita ja tukea uskoa parantumiseen. Terveydenhuollon, sosiaalitoimen ja yhteistyötahojen tarkoituksena on auttaa perhettÀ löytÀmÀÀn omia voimavaroja ja selviytymiskeinoja. Hoidon onnistumisen ja lapsen paranemisen kannalta on ensiarvoisen tÀrkeÀÀ, ettÀ lapsen ja perheen vuorovaikutussuhde toimii. Masennuksen hoitoa voidaan toteuttaa erilaisilla tilanteeseen sopivilla tavoilla, esimerkiksi kotihoidolla, poliklinikkakÀynneillÀ ja tarvittaessa osastohoidolla. Hoitomuotoina voidaan kÀyttÀÀ esimerkiksi keskustelua ja terapioita, joiden onnistumista vakavissa masennuksissa tuetaan lÀÀkehoidolla.
Lapsen masennuksen hoidon punainen lanka on, ettei hoideta yksin lasta, vaan koko perhettÀ.Abstract
The subject of the thesis originated from the unit of home care of Haukkala Hospital. The per-sonnel expressed a need for guide material to pass to families as a support for gathering infor-mation. Work was done based on literature review and expert interviews. Expert interviews were handled with content analysis. For use in Haukkala Hospital, a patient's instruction concerning child's depression was
constructed based on researched theory.
The authors researched the depression and treatment of an elementary school aged child. Re-search has shown that also a child can be depressed and that childâs distress has increased. Available information on the disorder and the treatment has been found lacking. Also a need to develop mental health services has arisen.
The early recognition of a child's depression is important and challenging, as the symptoms are varied and individual. On one hand a depressed child is often considered to have behaviour problem, and on the other hand, a child whose only symptom is over diligence will be dismissed as a healthy child.
Partnership between health professionals and patient was stressed in each field of the treatment.
Psychoeducational instruction forms the basis of a successful treatment relationship. Proper information strengthens the commitment to treatment. Communication aims to lessen needless fears, alleviate
possible feelings of guilt, and support the trust in healing. Health care, Social services, and collaborative partners strive to help families obtain resources and coping mechanisms. Success of the treatment and the recovery of the child depend heavily on family interaction. The treatment of depression can be
carried out in many ways, choosing the method best suited to the situation, e.g. home care, clinic visits, or care on the ward. Forms of treatment can include for example discussions and therapy. Medical treatment can be used to support treatment in severe depressive episodes.
The main element of treating the depression of a child is to treat the whole family, not just the child
Genomitiedon kÀyttö tyypin 2 diabeteksen ennaltaehkÀisyssÀ : kuvaileva kirjallisuuskatsaus
TaÌmaÌn opinnaÌytetyoÌn tarkoituksena oli selvittaÌaÌ, minkaÌlaista tietoa on jo olemassa genomitiedon kaÌytoÌstaÌ tyypin 2 diabeteksen ennaltaehkaÌisyssaÌ. Tavoitteena oli tuottaa tietoa terveydenhoitoalan ammattilaisille genomitiedon kaÌytoÌstaÌ ja sen hyoÌdyntaÌmisestaÌ tyypin 2 diabeteksen ennaltaehkaÌisyssaÌ. TyoÌssaÌ haluttiin selvittaÌaÌ, minkaÌlaista tietoa on genomitiedon kaÌytoÌstaÌ tyypin 2 diabeteksen ennaltaehkaÌisyssaÌ.
OpinnaÌytetyoÌ toteutettiin kuvailevana kirjallisuuskatsauksena. Tietoa haettiin Cinahl- tietokannasta. Valittu aineisto analysoitiin kaÌyttaÌen aineistolaÌhtoÌistaÌ sisaÌlloÌnanalyysiaÌ. Aineiston tuli kaÌsitellaÌ tyypin 2 diabeteksen ennaltaehkaÌisyaÌ genomitiedon naÌkoÌkulmasta tai tyypin 2 diabeteksen genomitietoa yhdistettynaÌ kaÌytaÌnnoÌn kliiniseen tyoÌhoÌn.
Tuloksista voidaan paÌaÌtellaÌ, ettaÌ geneettisellaÌ riskillaÌ ja elaÌmaÌntavoilla on yhdessaÌ suurempi vaikutus sairastumisriskiin kuin pelkaÌllaÌ geneettisellaÌ riskillaÌ. Tutkimuksista kaÌvi ilmi, ettaÌ tyypin 2 diabeteksen riskin geneettinen testaus kiinnostaa, mutta myoÌs heraÌttaÌaÌ epaÌroÌintiaÌ. Geneettisen riskitiedon kaÌytoÌllaÌ tai geneettisellaÌ neuvonnalla ei kuitenkaan saatu aikaan merkittaÌviaÌ tuloksia. Tutkimuksista nousi esiin sellaisia tyypin 2 diabeteksen riskiin vaikuttavia tekijoÌitaÌ kuten ravitsemus, fyysinen aktiivisuus, ruumiinrakenne, sosioekonominen luokka sekaÌ perimaÌ.
Terveellisten elaÌmaÌntapojen noudattaminen on taÌrkeaÌaÌ tyypin 2 diabeteksen ennaltaehkaÌisyssaÌ. Genomitiedon hyoÌdynnettaÌvyydestaÌ tarvitaan pidempiaikaista tutkimustietoa. Vaikka genomitiedon kaÌytoÌllaÌ ei saatu merkittaÌviaÌ tuloksia, ei se vaikuttanut heikentaÌvaÌsti tuloksiin. Terveydenhoitajan rooli tyypin 2 diabeteksen ennaltaehkaÌisyssaÌ on antaa yksiloÌllistaÌ elintapaohjausta sekaÌ huomioida neuvonnassa sairauksia ennaltaehkaÌisevaÌ naÌkoÌkulma.The purpose of this study was to investigate what kind of information exists about the use of genetic information in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to gather information on using the genomic information and its use in the prevention of type 2 diabetes for social and healthcare professionals.
The study was conducted as a descriptive literature review and the collected data was analysed by means of inductive content analysis. The data of the study were gathered from scientific literature, articles and research by using the Cinahl database.
The findings of the study showed that genetic risk and lifestyle together have an impact on the risk of getting type 2 diabetes. There was also interest in type 2 diabetes genetic testing, but it aroused suspicion, too. The findings also indicated that genetic counselling or using the genetic risk information as a tool were not effective ways to get significant results in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
A healthy lifestyle is the main factor in prevention of type 2 diabetes. There is a need for more long-term scientific developments and knowledge about using genomic information