ダイガク ニ オケル ケアマネジメント ギジュツ キョウイク ガイイン ヨウソ ガ チテキ リカイ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ ニ ツイテ

本研究はケアマネジメント論とケアマネジメント演習を同時期に行うことや， ソーシャルワーク実習における体験が， ケアマネジメント技術の知的理解にどう影響を及ぼしているのかを明らかにすることを目的に実施した． 調査は 2011 年度ケアマネジメント演習履修者に対して， ケアマネジメント技術作業指標を初回・最終回・実習後の 3 地点で実施した． その結果， 初回と最終回， 初回と実習後の間には全ての項目で有意差がみられた． また最終回と実習後の間では有意差がみられたものは 2 項目に留まった． またケアマネジメント論とケアマネジメント演習を同時期に履修したことについては， 初回時点では前年に比べ数値が下回る項目が多かったが， 最終回時点では逆に上回る項目が多くみられた． それらの結果からケアマネジメント論の同時履修やソーシャルワーク実習が， ケアマネジメント技術の知的理解において保持・定着に一定の効果があることが示唆された

ガクブ キョウイク ニ オケル ケア マネジメント ギジュツ キョウイク ガ ハタス ヤクワリ 7ネン カンノ WI チョウサ ノ ケッカ オヨビ ソツギョウ セイ エノ ツイセキ チョウサ カラ

本研究では A 大学で開講されているケアマネジメント演習の受講によって， ケアマネジメントについての知的理解がどう変化したのか， また卒業後， 受講生にどのような影響がみられたのかを検討することを目的とした． 知的理解の変化については， ケアマネジメント技術作業指標：ワークインデックス （以下， WI） を用いて 2004 年度から 2010 年度までの学生に対して行った． 追跡調査については， ケアマネジメント演習を受講し WI を実施している者の中から 11 名を抽出しインタビュー調査および WI を実施した． 結果， すべての年度で， 演習の受講前と受講後では知的理解に有意差がみられた． 年度間比較においては， 特にインテークやプランニングに関する項目が年度に関わらず理解されていたことが確認された． また追跡調査から， 演習を受けたことによる効果は， 多面的な視野の獲得など単にケアマネジメントに関する理解で留まるものではないことが示唆された

Ultrafast vibrational control of organohalide perovskite optoelectronic devices using vibrationally promoted electronic resonance

Vibrational control (VC) of photochemistry through the optical stimulation of structural dynamics is a nascent concept only recently demonstrated for model molecules in solution. Extending VC to state-of-the-art materials may lead to new applications and improved performance for optoelectronic devices. Metal halide perovskites are promising targets for VC due to their mechanical softness and the rich array of vibrational motions of both their inorganic and organic sublattices. Here, we demonstrate the ultrafast VC of FAPbBr3 perovskite solar cells via intramolecular vibrations of the formamidinium cation using spectroscopic techniques based on vibrationally promoted electronic resonance. The observed short (~300 fs) time window of VC highlights the fast dynamics of coupling between the cation and inorganic sublattice. First-principles modelling reveals that this coupling is mediated by hydrogen bonds that modulate both lead halide lattice and electronic states. Cation dynamics modulating this coupling may suppress non-radiative recombination in perovskites, leading to photovoltaics with reduced voltage losses

Exploiting Anisotropy of Plasmonic Nanostructures with Polarization-Modulation Infrared Linear Dichroism Microscopy (μPM-IRLD).

Metallic nanostructures that exhibit plasmon resonances in the mid-infrared range are of particular interest for a variety of optical processes where the infrared excitation and/or emission could be enhanced. This plasmon-mediated enhancement can potentially be used towards highly sensitive detection of an analyte(s) by techniques such as surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA). To maximize the SEIRA enhancement, it is necessary to prepare highly tuned plasmonic resonances over a defined spectral range that can span over several microns. Noteworthy, nanostructures with anisotropic shapes exhibit multiple resonances that can be exploited by controlling the polarization of the input light. This study demonstrates the role of polarization-modulation infrared linear dichroism coupled to microscopy measurements (μPM-IRLD) as a powerful means to explore the optical properties of anisotropic nanostructures. Quantitative μPM-IRLD measurements were conducted on a 2 series of dendritic fractals as model structures to explore the role of structural anisotropy on the resulting surface-enhanced infrared absorption and sensing application. Once functionalized with an analyte, the μPM-IRLD SEIRA results highlight that it is possible to selectively enhance further vibrational modes of analytes making use of the structural anisotropy of the metallic nanostructure

Clinical Usefulness of Multiplex PCR Lateral Flow in MRSA Detection: A Novel, Rapid Genetic Testing Method

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with exogenous cassette DNA containing the methicillin-resistant gene mecA (SCCmec) poses a problem as a drug-resistant bacterium responsible for hospital- and community-acquired infections. The frequency of MRSA detection has recently been increasing rapidly in Japan, and SCCmec has also been classified more diversely into types I–V. A rapid test is essential for early diagnosis and treatment of MRSA infections, but detection by conventional methods requires at least two days. The newly developed multiplex PCR lateral flow method allows specific amplification of femA to detect S. aureus, mecA to detect SCCmec, and kdpC to detect SCCmec type II; moreover, PCR products can be evaluated visually in about 3 h. In the present study, we developed a PCR lateral flow method for MRSA using this method and investigated its clinical usefulness in the detection of MRSA. The results showed a diagnostic concordance rate of 91.7% for MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus between bacteriological examination and PCR lateral flow, and a high level of specificity in PCR lateral flow. In addition, a higher detection rate for S. aureus using the same sample was observed for PCR lateral flow (70.2%) than for bacteriological tests (48.6%). The above results show that PCR lateral flow for MRSA detection has high sensitivity, specificity, and speed, and its clinical application as a method for early diagnosis of MRSA infections appears to be feasible

Mapping Molecular Orientation with Phase Sensitive Vibrationally Resonant Sum-Frequency Generation Microscopy

We demonstrate a phase sensitive, vibrationally resonant sum-frequency generation (PSVR-SFG) microscope that combines high resolution, fast image acquisition speed, chemical selectivity, and phase sensitivity. Using the PSVR-SFG microscope, we generate amplitude and phase images of the second-order susceptibility of collagen I fibers in rat tail tendon tissue on resonance with the methylene vibrations of the protein. We find that the phase of the second-order susceptibility shows dependence on the effective polarity of the fibril bundles, revealing fibrous collagen domains of opposite orientations within the tissue. The presence of collagen microdomains in tendon tissue may have implications for the interpretation of the mechanical properties of the tissue. [Image: see text

Enhanced luminescence from electron-hole droplets in silicon nanolayers

We have studied photoluminescence (PL) from the condensed phase in silicon-on-insulator samples with different Si layer thickness from 50 to 340 nm. Two major PL bands are observed at low temperatures, originating from free excitons (FE) and electron–hole droplets (EHD). It is found that with an increase of the excitation intensity the EHD PL shows a linear increase in the 50-nm-thick layer while a superlinear increase in the 340-nm-thick layer. The intensity ratio of the EHD PL to the FE PL in the 50-nm-thick layer is much larger than that in the 340-nm-thick layer under the same experimental conditions. The luminescence from the EHD is enhanced in thin Si nanolayers. These results suggest that highly dense electrons and holes are formed in the Si nanolayer and the interfaces act as the nucleation center of the EHD