Identificación de los efectos de algunos acolchados en suelos agrícolas en condiciones del trópico.

La presente investigación tiene la finalidad de lograr mayor comprensión y ofrecer puntos de vista sobre efectos de acolchados orgánicos e inorgánicas en el contexto del trópico en el país, específicamente del valle del cauca para optimizar los sistemas de cultivo y puedan competir a nivel nacional e internacional y por lo tanto se realizó un compendio de información dirigida a los agricultores que requieran tener conocimiento sobre ventajas de tener acolchados en cultivos comerciales e impactos de los acolchados sobre algunas características del suelo y su efecto en los cultivos, profundizando en las implicaciones del acolchado en la humedad, temperatura y estructura del suelo y en general en el efecto de la relación suelo – planta. La investigación documental se desarrolló través de una metodología con técnicas e instrumentos de búsqueda de datos, filtración, conexión y análisis para lograr una información comprensible y neutral sobre la necesidad de su uso según él caso, para resaltar que el acolchado es una técnica que permite el cubrimiento de la parte superior del suelo, bien sea con materiales de tipo orgánico e inorgánico para mejorar condiciones en el establecimiento del cultivo y así incrementar su producción. Valenzuela & Gutiérrez (2003), manifiesta que los acolchados permiten directa e indirectamente mejorar las condiciones del suelo y el cubrimiento proporciona sombra que inhibe el crecimiento de arvenses, protege al suelo del viento y el salpique de las aguas lluvias. Por lo anterior acolchado resulta ser una técnica de gran aporte a los agricultores, pues permite acondicionar algunas características del suelo para la producción de los cultivos, además brinda la opción de que sea orgánica e inorgánica de acuerdo al tipo de cultivo y las condiciones ambientales, González (2015). Como resultado la presente investigación persigue elaborar un compilado y análisis de los efectos de las coberturas orgánicas e inorgánicas en el suelo y los sistemas de cultivo tropicales, para brindar información que oriente en la toma de decisiones.The present investigation has the purpose of achieving greater understanding and offer points of view on the effects of organic and inorganic mulches in the context of the tropics in the country, specifically of the Valle Del Cauca to optimize the farming systems and to compete nationally and internationally. and therefore a compendium of information was made directed to the farmers who need to know about the advantages of having quilts in commercial crops and impacts of the quilts on some characteristics of the soil and its effect on the crops, deepening in the implications of the quilting in the humidity, temperature and structure of the soil and in general in the effect of the soil - plant relationship. The documentary research was developed through a methodology with techniques and data search tools, filtering, connection and analysis to achieve a comprehensible and neutral information on the need for its use according to the case, to highlight that padding is a technique that allows the covering of the upper part of the soil, either with organic and inorganic type materials to improve conditions in the establishment of the crop and thus increase its production. Valenzuela & Gutiérrez (2003), states that padding allows directly and indirectly improving soil conditions and the covering provides shade that inhibits the growth of weeds, protects the soil from the wind and the splashing of rainwater. Because of the above quilting it is a technique of great contribution to farmers, because it allows to condition some soil characteristics for the production of crops, also provides the option of being organic and inorganic according to the type of crop and environmental conditions, González (2015). As a result, the present research aims to compile and analyze the effects of organic and inorganic coverage on soil and tropical farming systems, to provide information to guide decision making

Estudio de las propiedades corneales mediante técnicas de holografía digital

En este trabajo se ha aplicado la interferometría holográfica de doble longitud de onda para medir la forma y utilizarse como topógrafo corneal tanto para córneas sintéticas como biológicas.Se han registrado hologramas utilizando montajes ya preestablecidos y de su análisis se ha obtenido un mapa 2D de la posición en Z de todos los puntos en la superficie externa en una campo mayor al diámetro horizontal de iris visible, con una precisión de 36μm, introduciendo una mejora significativa respecto a los topógrafos existentes.A partir de los datos de superficie, mediante un ajuste cónico de mínimos cuadrados, hemos podido calcular su radio de curvatura.Todos estos resultados se han obtenido independientemente de la especularidad de la muestra, en dos córneas sintéticas, una lente de contacto (transparente) y en dos corneas de conejo ex vivo.<br /

La Cátedra Isabel Muñoz Caravaca: una iniciativa para el estudio y el fomento de la igualdad entre hombres y mujeres

Este año se ha presentado la Cátedra de investigación Isabel Muñoz Caravaca, fruto de un convenio entre la Universidad de Alcalá y el Instituto de la Mujer de Castilla-La Mancha. El objetivo de esta cátedra es promover la investigación en temas relacionados con la violencia de género, la igualdad y la visibilización de la contribución de las mujeres a lo largo de la historia. Con este propósito se realizarán durante el primer año actividades de I+D+I, así como la transferencia y divulgación de los resultados de investigaciones relacionadas con los estereotipos y prejuicios de género y su percepción y vivencia por adolescentes de la región. Este trabajo expone la fundamentación que sustenta las primeras actividades de investigación y divulgación de dicha cátedra.The Isabel Muñoz Caravaca research discipline was introduced in June 2019 as a result of an agreement between the University of Alcalá and the Castilla-Mancha Women's Institute. The purpose of this discipline is to promote research on issues related to gender-based violence, equality, and visibility of women's contributions throughout history. For this purpose, during the first year activities of RD&I (Research, Development and Innovation) will be carried out, as well as the transfer and dissemination of the results of research related to gender stereotypes and prejudices and their perception and experience by adolescents in the region. This work exposes the bases that support the first research activities and dissemination of this disciplin

Colorimetric analysis of outdoor illumination across varieties of atmospheric conditions

© 2016 [year] Optical Society of America.]. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited.Solar illumination at ground level is subject to a good deal of change in spectral and colorimetric properties. With an aim of understanding the influence of atmospheric components and phases of daylight on colorimetric specifications of downward radiation, more than 5,600,000 spectral irradiance functions of daylight, sunlight, and skylight were simulated by the radiative transfer code, SBDART [Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 79, 2101 (1998).], under the atmospheric conditions of clear sky without aerosol particles, clear sky with aerosol particles, and overcast sky. The interquartile range of the correlated color temperatures (CCT) for daylight indicated values from 5712 to 7757 K among the three atmospheric conditions. A minimum CCT of ∼3600 K was found for daylight when aerosol particles are present in the atmosphere. Our analysis indicated that hemispheric day-light with CCT less than 3600 K may be observed in rare conditions in which the level of aerosol is high in the atmosphere. In an atmosphere with aerosol particles, we also found that the chromaticity of daylight may shift along the green–purple direction of the Planckian locus, with a magnitude depending on the spectral extinction by aerosol particles and the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. The data analysis showed that an extremely high value of CCT, in an atmosphere without aerosol particles, for daylight and skylight at low sun, is mainly due to the effect of Chappuis absorption band of ozone at ∼600 nm. In this paper, we compare our data with well-known observations from previous research, including the ones used by the CIE to define natural daylight illuminants.Andalusian Regional Government (P12-RNM-2409); Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology (CGL2013-45410-R); EU via the ACTRIS project (EU INFRA-2010-1.1.16-262254); Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (DPI2011-23202)

Tilted illumination in-line holographic velocimetry: Improvements in the axial spatial resolution

Two are the main limitations of in-line holography: the twin image problem and the poor spatial resolution in the optical axis direction. The twin image problem can be solved with the introduction of an imaging lens and a knife-edge aperture located at its focal plane. In this work, a theoretical analysis of the axial resolution with and without aperture is provided from the perspective of the Optical Diffraction Tomography. Theoretical analysis and controlled experiments with the different recording options, demonstrate that a small tilt of the illumination beam, together with a centered rectangular aperture, is a key parameter as it improves the spatial resolution along the optical axis during the location and tracking of a particle field

Feeding Algae Meal to Feedlot Lambs with Competent Reticular Groove Reflex Increases Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Meat

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of supplementing marine algae as a source of omega-3 fatty acids (FA) in the diet, mixed in the concentrate or bottle-fed, on intramuscular fat FA composition of lambs with competent reticular groove reflex (RGR). Forty-eight feedlot lambs were distributed in three equal groups: one group did not consume marine algae nor had competent RGR, the second group received a daily dose (2.5%) of algae meal in the concentrate and the last group consumed the same dose of algae meal emulsified in milk replacer and bottle-fed. Marine algae raised the contents of EPA, DPA, and mainly DHA in the intramuscular fat, but the increase was significantly higher when algae meal was administered with a bottle via RGR. This strategy could contribute to improvements in the marketing of lamb meat by optimizing its status as a healthier food

Influence of Dietary Algae Meal on Lipid Oxidation and Volatile Profile of Meat from Lambs with Competent Reticular Groove Reflex

Dietary lipid sources influence intramuscular fatty acid composition, which in turn may affect the volatile profile of meat. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of marine algae supplementation (Aurantiochytrium limacinum) on volatile compounds of cooked lamb meat. Forty-eight lambs with 42 days of age were divided into three groups: lambs fed a conventional diet without algae meal supplementation (NOALG), lambs with competent reticular groove reflex (RGR) fed the same diet supplemented with 2.5% marine algae meal mixed in the concentrate (ALGCON), and lambs with competent RGR, receiving the same diet and fed with 2.5% marine algae meal in a milk replacer to bypass the rumen (ALGMILK). Lipid and protein oxidation in raw meat was assessed and volatile compounds in grilled meat were determined. The highest and lowest lipid oxidations were observed in the ALGMILK and NOALG groups, respectively. Protein oxidation was unaffected. Out of 56 identified compounds, 12 volatiles significantly increased in both algae groups and 6 of them exclusively in the ALGCON treatment. Algae meal supplementation and its form of administration, either protected or not from rumen degradation, are important factors to consider in lipid oxidation and the aromatic profile of lamb meat

Band selection pipeline for maturity stage classification in bell peppers: From full spectrum to simulated camera data

This paper describes a workflow for classifying the maturity of bell peppers using hyperspectral imaging and machine learning. The approach involves using spectral reflectance to determine the number of maturity stages, followed by a classification task using the optimal bands for accurate classification. The study explores a realistic scenario using simulated camera responses and investigates the use of real sensors with their spectral sensitivities and noise. Four classifier algorithms (RBFNN, PLS-DA, SVM, and LDA) were employed to predict the maturity stage based on spectral reflectance. The best results were achieved with the LDA algorithm, which was used in the optimization process for band selection. The optimized bands in the VISNIR range (400–1000 nm) were found to be [783.5, 844.1, and 905.4] nm, with an accuracy of 90.67% for spectral data. For camera responses with intermediate-level noise, the best bands were [760, 820, and 900 nm], achieving an accuracy of 81%. Overall, using three bands yielded satisfactory and practical results for real-world implementation.Universidad de Granada/CBU

Calibración de la potencia de un microondas mediante un balance de energía en régimen estacionario

Mediante este objeto de aprendizaje se podrá obtener la potencia estimada de un microondas para cada posición de su dial. Para ello, se recurrirá a la aplicación de un balance de energía en estado estacionario que dará lugar al test de los 2LCastelló Gómez, ML.; Cárcel Carrión, JA.; Fito Suñer, PJ.; Tarrazo Morell, J.; Sanjuán Pellicer, MN. (2019). Calibración de la potencia de un microondas mediante un balance de energía en régimen estacionario. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/121661DE

Predicción del tiempo de calentamiento por microondas de un alimento

Con este objeto de aprendizaje se explican las herramientas de cálculo para poder predecir el tiempo de calentamiento de un alimento obtenidas a partir de un balance de energía calorífica. En concreto, se pone como ejemplo la estimación del tiempo de calentamiento de la leche en función de la temperatura que se desea que alcanceCastelló Gómez, ML.; Cárcel Carrión, JA.; Sanjuán Pellicer, MN.; Fito Suñer, PJ.; Tarrazo Morell, J. (2019). Predicción del tiempo de calentamiento por microondas de un alimento. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/121943DE