Experiencias de transformación social: comunidades de aprendizaje. El papel de los familiares como voluntariado en los grupos interactivos

En este trabajo se analiza el papel de los familiares en su participación como voluntariado en los grupos interactivos de las Comunidades de Aprendizaje. El proyecto de Comunidades de Aprendizaje supone una práctica educativa transformadora, que se concreta en medidas inclusivas, igualitarias, dialógicas y participativas dirigidas a la superación del fracaso escolar y a la mejora de la convivencia. La participación e implicación familiar y de otros agentes de la comunidad, en el proceso educativo, es clave para lograr una escuela inclusiva de éxito y calidad. Basados en el aprendizaje dialógico, los grupos interactivos suponen una medida de éxito, reconocida y avalada por la comunidad científica internacional, para conseguir la mejora del aprendizaje y de la convivencia en la escuela. Palabras clave: Comunidades de Aprendizaje, aprendizaje dialógico, inclusión, grupos interactivos, familia, voluntariado.Grado en Educación Primari

Geometría en el gimnasio: una experiencia en los primeros cursos de educación primaria

Presentamos una experiencia de integración de figuras geométricas planas en el aula de educación física con un grupo de 2º de educación primaria, utilizando dos planteamientos (externo/interno) y un total de cuatro niveles, encuadrados en un esquema narrativo adaptado a la edad de los niños. El planteamiento externo propone el uso de material, y presenta dos niveles: la manipulación del material propio del gimnasio (cuerdas, colchonetas, aros, etc.) y el uso de plantillas geométricas como material de trabajo y elemento de juego. El planteamiento interno trabaja con el propio cuerpo de los niños y presenta dos niveles: la representación individual de figuras geométricas y la generación de figuras geométricas en grupo. Se ha trabajado primero con círculos, triángulos y cuadrados, y posteriormente se comparan entre sí los cuadriláteros (cuadrados, rectángulos y rombos). Destacamos el caso del rombo y las dificultades que ha presentado en su representación individual y en grupo

Los lanzamientos en educación física: un contexto para reforzar las medidas de longitud en educación primaria

Cuando se introducen las medidas de longitud (metro, centímetro, kilómetro) en los primeros cursos de Educación Primaria las actividades prácticas de medición propuestas en los libros de texto de matemáticas consisten habitualmente en medir longitudes representadas en el propio texto utilizando una regla escolar, generalmente inferiores a 15-20 centímetros. En este trabajo se presenta una experiencia interdisciplinar que proporciona a los niños de 7-8 años una oportunidad de medir por sí mismos longitudes superiores al metro dentro del entorno escolar, utilizando como contexto el Aula de Educación Física y como tema los lanzamientos propios del currículum de Educación Física. Las actividades propuestas siguen un esquema narrativo basado en las Olimpiadas para fomentar la motivación de los niños y dar sentido y coherencia interna a las mediciones realizadas, y como instrumentos de medida se emplean elementos propios del Aula de Educación Física, como cuerdas y pañuelos. Esta propuesta proporciona a los niños de 7-8 años una oportunidad cercana y realista de realizar mediciones diversas en un contexto dinámico, de competición y juego en grupo. El esquema narrativo de las Olimpiadas fomenta además que cobren conciencia de los requisitos de una buena medición mediante una experiencia personal de carácter multidisciplinar

Geometría en el gimnasio: una experiencia en los primeros cursos de Educación Primaria

Presentamos una experiencia de integración de figuras geométricas planas en el Aula de Educación Física con un grupo de 2º de Educación Primaria, utilizando dos planteamientos (externo/interno) y un total de cuatro niveles, encuadrados en un esquema narrativo adaptado a la edad de los niños. El planteamiento externo propone el uso de material, y presenta dos niveles: la manipulación del material propio del gimnasio (cuerdas, colchonetas, aros, etc.) y el uso de plantillas geométricas como material de trabajo y elemento de juego. El planteamiento interno trabaja con el propio cuerpo de los niños y presenta dos niveles: la representación individual de figuras geométricas y la generación de figuras geométricas en grupo. Se ha trabajado primero con círculos, triángulos y cuadrados, y posteriormente se comparan entre sí los cuadriláteros (cuadrados, rectángulos y rombos). Destacamos el caso del rombo y las dificultades que ha presentado en su representación individual y en grupo

Geometría en el gimnasio: una experiencia en los primeros cursos de Educación Primaria

We show an experience of integration of plane geometric elements in the classroom of physical education with a group of 2nd year of primary education. Two approaches (external/internal) have been used, having four levels, framed in a narrative scheme adapted to the children’s age. The internal approach proposes the use of material, and presents two levels: the manipulation of the gym’s material (ropes, mats, rings, etc.) and the use of geometric templates as material for working and gaming. The external approach implies the own body of the children and presents two levels: the development of geometric figures individually and by means of the whole group. The work has been developed firstly with circles, triangles and squares, and secondly by comparing squares, rectangles and rhombus. It is highlighted the case of the rhombus and the difficulties found in its individual and collective representation.Presentamos una experiencia de integración de figuras geométricas planas en el Aula de Educación Física con un grupo de 2º de Educación Primaria, utilizando dos planteamientos (externo/interno) y un total de cuatro niveles, encuadrados en un esquema narrativo adaptado a la edad de los niños. El planteamiento externo propone el uso de material, y presenta dos niveles: la manipulación del material propio del gimnasio (cuerdas, colchonetas, aros, etc.) y el uso de plantillas geométricas como material de trabajo y elemento de juego. El planteamiento interno trabaja con el propio cuerpo de los niños y presenta dos niveles: la representación individual de figuras geométricas y la generación de figuras geométricas en grupo. Se ha trabajado primero con círculos, triángulos y cuadrados, y posteriormente se comparan entre sí los cuadriláteros (cuadrados, rectángulos y rombos). Destacamos el caso del rombo y las dificultades que ha presentado en su representación individual y en grupo

Hydrothermal CO2 conversion using zinc as reductant: Batch reaction, modeling and parametric analysis of the process

Producción CientíficaHydrothermal CO2 reduction using Zn as reductant was investigated. This process has the advantage of avoiding the use of hydrogen with all its safety and environmental concerns, and allows an easy integration with CO2 capture as NaHCO3. In this work, this reaction was studied in batch reactors at temperatures from 275 to 325 °C. Conversions up to 60% were obtained with 100% selectivity towards formic acid, at reaction times between 10 and 180 min. A mathematical model correlated with data from literature was developed and is able to correctly predict both experimental and literature data with an averaged error of 3.5%. Main variables of the process were analyzed: temperature, Zn/HCO3− ratio, heating rate, Zn particle size, pressure, etc. The optimum reaction conditions found were 300 °C with a rapid heating, and particle sizes of 10 μm. Zn excess dramatically improves the yield, but a lower excess can be compensated at high pressures.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project ENE2014-53459-R

The role of gut microbiota in cerebrovascular disease and related dementia.

In recent years, increasing evidence suggests that commensal microbiota may play an important role not only in health but also in disease including cerebrovascular disease. Gut microbes impact physiology, at least in part, by metabolizing dietary factors and host-derived substrates and then generating active compounds including toxins. The purpose of this current review is to highlight the complex interplay between microbiota, their metabolites. and essential functions for human health, ranging from regulation of the metabolism and the immune system to modulation of brain development and function. We discuss the role of gut dysbiosis in cerebrovascular disease, specifically in acute and chronic stroke phases, and the possible implication of intestinal microbiota in post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia, and we identify potential therapeutic opportunities of targeting microbiota in this context.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Grant/Award Number: PI20/00535; Leducq Foundation for Cardiovascular Research Grant/Award Numbers: TNE-21CVD04 (MAM, IL), TNE19CVD01 (MAM, MIC), TNE21CVD04, TNE19CVD01; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCIN), Grant/Award Numbers: PID2020-117765RB-I00, PID2019-106581RB-I00; RICORS-ICTUS, Grant/Award Number: RD21/0006/0001.N

Genotype distribution of cervical human papillomavirus DNA in women with cervical lesions in Bioko, Equatorial Guinea

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The HVP vaccine is a useful tool for preventing cervical cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the most frequent HPV genotypes in Equatorial Guinea in order to develop future vaccination strategies to apply in this country.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A campaign against cervical cancer was carried out in the area on a total of 1,680 women. 26 of the women, following cytological screening, were treated surgically with a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Cases were studied histologically and were genotyped from paraffin blocks by applying a commercial kit that recognized 35 HPV types.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Cytological diagnoses included 17 HSIL, 1 LSIL, 5 ASC-H and 3 AGUS. Histological diagnosis resulted in 3 cases of microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma stage IA of FIGO, 9 CIN-3, 8 CIN-2, 2 CIN-1, 3 flat condylomas and mild dysplasia of the endocervical epithelium. Fifteen of twenty-five cases genotyped were positive for HPV (60%). HPV 16 and 33 were identified in four cases each, HPV 58 in two other cases, and HPV 18, 31, 52, and 82 in one case, with one HPV 16 and 58 coinfection.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The frequency of HPV types in the African area varies in comparison to other regions, particularly in Europe and USA. Vaccination against the five most common HPV types (16, 33, 58, 18, and 31) should be considered in the geographic region of West Africa and specifically in Equatorial Guinea.</p

INPUT DEVICE RESEARCH FOR DIGITAL PATHOLOGY. AN ERGONOMIC OUTLOOK

Introduction/ Background Digital Pathology represents a technological innovation that introduces changes in the traditional work of pathologists. In this regard, an important issue that has not been enough emphasized is the image handling from an ergonomic point of view to avoid work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Aims The aim of this study was to investigate a proper input device for digital pathology. Methods Research was conducted in two phases: 1. Comparative study to find an optimal external controller. Eight medical students analyzed 11 input devices: keyboard (HP), conventional mouse (HP), vertical mouse (CLS), touchpad (Logitech), 3 trackballs (Logitech, Kensington Expert and Ulove), Rollermouse (Contour), Ergopointer (Märzhäuser Sensotech), gamepad (Logitech) and a touchless device (Leap-Motion), using them with the Image Viewer software (Ventana). The web-based Fitts´ law test (UC Berkeley) was used to objectify the accuracy of each device, randomly. 12 items were included in the questionnaire: comfort, technical aspects (cursor movement and objective achievement), prospects, overall satisfaction, prior experience, and others. 2. Evaluation by two experienced pathologists (MPR and ANO, 55 and 50 year-old, respectively) the best rated input device and comparison with a voice recognition system (Invox Medical Dictation) using a headset microphone (Plantronics), rating perceived workload using NASA Task Load Index with 28 whole slide images. Digital Image Hub (Leica) with a 4 MegaPixel display (Barco) was used. Data were processed with SPSS 21.0. Results Correlation between technical aspects of the evaluated devices and accuracy (Fitts´ law test), and comfort with overall satisfaction existed (p<0.05). The assessment concluded that vertical mouse was the best rated input device. However, it has a slightly higher perceived workload in comparison with the voice recognition system, which was the proper controller for digital pathology in this study. Conclusion: We describe a methodology that can study and compare input devices for future workstations in digital pathology. Pathologists should be involved in this process trying to find ergonomic devices that prevent MSD. Voice recognition can function as a good handsfree device for digital pathology and could be considered in physical disability situations. Further studies using electromyography, accelerometry and 3D reconstruction analysis could provide additional ergonomic information

Expansions of cytotoxic CD4+CD28− T-cells drive excess cardiovascular mortality in rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory conditions and are triggered by CMV infection

A large proportion of cardiovascular pathology results from immune-mediated damage, including systemic inflammation and cellular proliferation, which cause a narrowing of the blood vessels. Expansions of cytotoxic CD4+ T-cells characterized by loss of CD28 (‘CD4+CD28− T-cells’ or ‘CD4+CD28null cells’) are closely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), in particular coronary artery damage. Direct involvement of these cells in damaging the vasculature has been demonstrated repeatedly. Moreover, CD4+CD28− T-cells are significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune conditions. It is striking that expansions of this subset beyond 1-2% occur exclusively in CMV-infected people. CMV infection itself is known to increase the severity of autoimmune diseases, in particular RA and has also been linked to increased vascular pathology. A review of the recent literature on immunological changes in cardiovascular disease, RA, and CMV infection provides strong evidence that expansions of cytotoxic CD4+CD28− T-cells in RA and other chronic inflammatory conditions are limited to CMV-infected patients and driven by CMV-infection. They are likely to be responsible for the excess cardiovascular mortality observed in these situations. The CD4+CD28− phenotype convincingly links CMV infection to cardiovascular mortality based on a direct cellular-pathological mechanism rather than epidemiological association