A new species of Allocoelia Mocsáry, 1889 from South Africa. (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae).

Allocoelia kuhlmanni nov. spec. wird aus Südafrika beschrieben. Die neue Art gehört zur glabra-Gruppe. Die Beschreibung wird durch Zeichnungen des lateralen Propodealzahns und der Genitalkapsel ergänzt. Die phylogenetischen Beziehungen der neuen Art werden diskutiert. Nomenklatorische Handlungenkuhlmanni Niehuis, 2000 (Allocoelia), spec. n.Allocoelia kuhlmanni nov. spec. is described from South Africa. The new species belongs to the glabra group. Drawings of the lateral propodeal tooth and the genital capsule are included in the description. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species are discussed.Nomenclatural Actskuhlmanni Niehuis, 2000 (Allocoelia), spec. n

The Social and Cultural Construction of Singlehood among Young, Single Mormons

Religious young adults interpret their single experiences based on an intricate system of influences that include personal beliefs, family, religious teachings, and friendships. This qualitative study of 24 never-married, young Mormon men and women examined the social and cultural construction of singlehood based on: (1) definitions of singlehood, (2) influences on the construction of singlehood, and (3) feelings about being single. A major theme of this research emerged in the way participants defined singlehood: by what they lacked and by seeking to end their temporary single state through marriage. Families and religious teachings interacted to form the strongest influences on participants construction of singlehood, while supportive friends helped respondents feel that they were not alone

Repertoire-wide gene structure analyses : a case study comparing automatically predicted and manually annotated gene models

Background The location and modular structure of eukaryotic protein-coding genes in genomic sequences can be automatically predicted by gene annotation algorithms. These predictions are often used for comparative studies on gene structure, gene repertoires, and genome evolution. However, automatic annotation algorithms do not yet correctly identify all genes within a genome, and manual annotation is often necessary to obtain accurate gene models and gene sets. As manual annotation is time-consuming, only a fraction of the gene models in a genome is typically manually annotated, and this fraction often differs between species. To assess the impact of manual annotation efforts on genome-wide analyses of gene structural properties, we compared the structural properties of protein-coding genes in seven diverse insect species sequenced by the i5k initiative. Results Our results show that the subset of genes chosen for manual annotation by a research community (3.5–7% of gene models) may have structural properties (e.g., lengths and exon counts) that are not necessarily representative for a species’ gene set as a whole. Nonetheless, the structural properties of automatically generated gene models are only altered marginally (if at all) through manual annotation. Major correlative trends, for example a negative correlation between genome size and exonic proportion, can be inferred from either the automatically predicted or manually annotated gene models alike. Vice versa, some previously reported trends did not appear in either the automatic or manually annotated gene sets, pointing towards insect-specific gene structural peculiarities. Conclusions In our analysis of gene structural properties, automatically predicted gene models proved to be sufficiently reliable to recover the same gene-repertoire-wide correlative trends that we found when focusing on manually annotated gene models only. We acknowledge that analyses on the individual gene level clearly benefit from manual curation. However, as genome sequencing and annotation projects often differ in the extent of their manual annotation and curation efforts, our results indicate that comparative studies analyzing gene structural properties in these genomes can nonetheless be justifiable and informative

Signatures o DNA Methylation across Insects Suggest Reduced DNA Methylation Levels in Holometabola

It has been experimentally shown that DNA methylation is involved in the regulation of gene expression and the silencing of transposable element activity in eukaryotes. The variable levels of DNA methylation among different insect species indicate an evolutionarily flexible role of DNA methylation in insects, which due to a lack of comparative data is not yet well-substantiated. Here, we use computational methods to trace signatures of DNA methylation across insects by analyzing transcriptomic and genomic sequence data from all currently recognized insect orders. We conclude that: 1) a functional methylation system relying exclusively on DNA methyltransferase 1 is widespread across insects. 2) DNA methylation has potentially been lost or extremely reduced in species belonging to springtails (Collembola), flies and relatives (Diptera), and twisted-winged parasites (Strepsiptera). 3) Holometabolous insects display signs of reduced DNA methylation levels in protein-coding sequences compared with hemimetabolous insects. 4) Evolutionarily conserved insect genes associated with housekeeping functions tend to display signs of heavier DNA methylation in comparison to the genomic/transcriptomic background. With this comparative study, we provide the much needed basis for experimental and detailed comparative analyses required to gain a deeper understanding on the evolution and function of DNA methylation in insects

Нелокальная задача с интегральными условиями для нелинейного уравнения в частных производных третьего порядка

Методом интегральных уравнений и сжимающих отображений доказана однозначная разрешимость нелокальной задачи с интегральными условиями для нелинейного уравнения в частных производных третьего порядка

Aerothermal Analysis of Suction Side Film Cooling in a High-Pressure Nozzle Guide Vane Cascade

A specific designed film-cooled nozzle guide vane cascade was tested in a high speed facility to determine the influence of suction side film cooling on the profile loss. Wake traverses with a five-hole probe and measurements of profile pressure distribution were conducted under Ma2th = 0:8 and Re2th ≈ 106 with coolant ejection from two different rows of cooling holes located upstream of the passage throat on the suction surface. In order to clarify the differences in loss behaviour noticed between the investigated film cooling rows, numerical simulations of the experiments were carried out, allowing an in-depth comprehension of the flow phenomena taking place in the mixing layer downstream of the coolant injection point. Additional simulations of the film cooling effectiveness were conducted for both investigated rows

Recombination and its impact on the genome of the haplodiploid parasitoid wasp Nasonia

Homologous meiotic recombination occurs in most sexually reproducing organisms, yet its evolutionary advantages are elusive. Previous research explored recombination in the honeybee, a eusocial hymenopteran with an exceptionally high genome-wide recombination rate. A comparable study in a non-social member of the Hymenoptera that would disentangle the impact of sociality from Hymenoptera-specific features such as haplodiploidy on the evolution of the high genome-wide recombination rate in social Hymenoptera is missing. Utilizing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between two Nasonia parasitoid wasp genomes, we developed a SNP genotyping microarray to infer a high-density linkage map for Nasonia. The map comprises 1,255 markers with an average distance of 0.3 cM. The mapped markers enabled us to arrange 265 scaffolds of the Nasonia genome assembly 1.0 on the linkage map, representing 63.6% of the assembled N. vitripennis genome. We estimated a genome-wide recombination rate of 1.4-1.5 cM/Mb for Nasonia, which is less than one tenth of the rate reported for the honeybee. The local recombination rate in Nasonia is positively correlated with the distance to the center of the linkage groups, GC content, and the proportion of simple repeats. In contrast to the honeybee genome, gene density in the parasitoid wasp genome is positively associated with the recombination rate; regions of low recombination are characterized by fewer genes with larger introns and by a greater distance between genes. Finally, we found that genes in regions of the genome with a low recombination frequency tend to have a higher ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions, likely due to the accumulation of slightly deleterious non-synonymous substitutions. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that recombination reduces interference between linked sites and thereby facilitates adaptive evolution and the purging of deleterious mutations. Our results imply that the genomes of haplodiploid and of diploid higher eukaryotes do not differ systematically in their recombination rates and associated parameters.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Experimental analysis of the strength of rubber-rope cable shell

Наведено аналіз результатів експериментальних досліджень плоских гумотросових канатів на продавлювання тросів на барабані підйомної машини та на передачу дотичного навантаження гумовою оболонкою каната.An analysis of experimental results of the flat rubber-rope cables press on a drum of the hoist machine and transmission of the shearing load by rubber-rope shell is presented

The role of the triangle singularity in Λ(1405)\Lambda(1405) production in the π−p→K0πΣ\pi^-p\rightarrow K^0\pi\Sigma and pp→pK+πΣpp\rightarrow pK^+\pi\Sigma processes

We have investigated the cross section for the $\pi^-p\rightarrow K^0\pi\Sigma$ and $pp\rightarrow pK^+\pi\Sigma$ reactions paying attention to a mechanism that develops a triangle singularity. The triangle diagram is realized by the decay of a $N^*$ to $K^*\Sigma$ and the $K^*$ decay into $\pi K$, and the $\pi\Sigma$ finally merges into $\Lambda(1405)$. The mechanism is expected to produce a peak around $2140$ MeV in the $K\Lambda(1405)$ invariant mass. We found that a clear peak appears around $2100$ MeV in the $K\Lambda(1405)$ invariant mass which is about $40$ MeV lower than the expectation, and that is due to the resonance peak of a $N^*$ resonance which plays a crucial role in the $K^*\Sigma$ production. The mechanism studied produces the peak of the $\Lambda(1405)$ around or below 1400 MeV, as is seen in the $pp\rightarrow pK^+\pi\Sigma$ HADES experiment.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figure

Финансы

Дисциплина «Финансы» относится к циклу дисциплин профессиональной подготовки по специальности 072 «Финансы, банковское дело и страхование». Научное понимание проблем финансовой системы государства, финансовой политики и финансового механизма, налоговой системы и налоговой политики, развития финансового рынка, финансов предприятий и финансов международных организаций, обеспечение финансовой безопасности государства являются необходимым элементом становления профессиональных экономических знаний студентов. Современный специалист в области финансов способен достичь успеха в своей профессиональной деятельности только при наличии четкого представления сущности финансов и их функций, финансового механизма, функционирования финансового рынка, организации фискального оборота; знания основных принципов построения финансовых систем развитых стран; понимания влияния денежно-кредитной и фискально-бюджетной политики на экономическое развитие государства. Учитывая это, учебным планом по специальности 072 «Финансы, банковское дело и страхование» при изучении дисциплины «Финансы» предусмотрено выполнение курсовой работы. Курсовая работа является научной разработкой определенной темы исследования в процессе подготовки специалиста по финансам. Благодаря курсовому проектированию студент учится систематизировать полученные теоретические знания по дисциплине и получать навыки экономических расчетов для принятия управленческих решений. Преподаватель проверяет качество этих знаний, выявляет уровень общенаучной и специальной подготовки студента, его способность применять полученные знания для решения конкретных проблем, склонность к анализу и самостоятельному обобщению материала по теме исследования. Творческий подход к выполнению курсовой работы способствует формированию у студентов навыков научных исследований и прикладных разработок. Выполнение работы важно для подготовки докладов студенческих научных работ, а также может быть использовано в ходе дипломного проектирования