Melanoma, ancestralidad y variantes MC1R en la población mestizada uruguaya

Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most dangerous type of skin cancer and the main cause of death produced by skin diseases. In Uruguay, the incidence rate is 3.8/100,000, one of the highest in Latin America. We analyzed the contribution of ancestry and MC1R as a candidate gene for sporadic melanoma in Uruguay. Our objective wasto investigate the possible associations between ancestry and the MC1R gene with sporadic melanoma in the Uruguayan population. To that end, one hundred patients with sporadic MM and 107 controls were recruited. Phenotypic factors and lifestyle were evaluated as risk factors. At the same time, we analyzed fiveancestry informative markers, the MC1R variants (R151, R160 and D294H) and five tag-SNPs. Phototype, atypical nevi, sunburns and recreational exposure were the main risk factors for MM in the Uruguayan population. We confirmed 16q as a candidate region for MM. R151C, and R160W showed an important association with risk of melanoma (OR= 3.85, P= 1 x 10-2; OR= 10.15, P= 7 x 10-3, respectively). Furthermore, three novel MC1R haplotypes from the promoter region were detected,and the two most common haplotypes for the coding region were different to the ones found in Europeans through HapMap. However, MC1R coding region haplotypes revealed a highly similar frequency to that of the Spanish population. Our results showed that the chromosomal 16q region confers susceptibility to MM risk in the Uruguayan population. In addition, the admixed genome structure of the MC1R region could be part of the explanation of melanoma etiology.El melanoma maligno (MM) es uno de los más peligrosos, y la principal causa de muerte producida por tumores de piel. En el Uruguay, la tasa de incidencia es de 3,8/100.000, una de las más altas de América Latina. En este trabajo analizamos la ancestría y el gen candidato MC1R entre los pacientes con MM del Uruguay. Nuestro objetivo fue investigar la posible asociación entre ancestría y el gen MC1R en pacientes con melanoma esporádico en la población uruguaya. Con tal finalidad, se reclutaron 100 pacientes con MM esporádico y 107 controles. Se evaluó el riesgo de factores fenotípicos y de estilo de vida. Además se analizaron cinco marcadores informativos de ancesdencia, variantes del gen MC1R (R151, R160 y D294H) y cinco tagSNPs. El fototipo, los nevos atípicos, quemaduras solares y la exposición recreativa fueron los principales factores de riesgo para MM en la población uruguaya. La región cromosómica 16q es candidata para MM, mientras que R151C y R160W mostraron una importante asociación con el riesgo para MM (OR= 3,85, P= 1 x 10-2; OR= 10,15, P= 7 x 10-3, respectivamente). Por otra parte, se detectaron tres nuevos haplotipos en la región promotora y los dos haplotipos más frecuentes en la región codificante son diferentes a los encontrados en la población europea. Sin embargo, los haplotipos de la región codificante presentan una frecuencia muy similar a las encontradas en la población española. Los resultados muestran que la región cromosómica 16q confiere susceptibilidad al riesgo de MM en la población uruguaya. Por otra parte, la estructura genómica mestizada de la región del MC1R podría explicar la etiología del melanoma

Orçamentos Participativos no Brasil e em Portugal

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Teamwork, satisfaction and mediating effect of affective, continuance and normative commitments on employee’s loyalty

Teamwork, staff satisfaction, and organizational commitment on employee loyalty have been investigated by previous literature. However, the mediating effects of affective (AC), continuance (CC) and normative (NC) commitments are still a big gap present in theory. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to explore the mediate role of AC, CC, and NC on employee loyalty. In total, 123 individuals participated in this research. The SEM technique approach was used throughout Smart PLS software version 3.0. The results supported nine hypotheses and rejected one. The theoretical and managerial implications are presented as well as research limitations and avenues for future studies

Ten gigabit per second optical transmissions at 1.98 μm in centimetre-long SiGe waveguides

Error-free transmission of 10 Gbit/s non-return to zero optical signals along 2.5 cm long silicon germanium waveguides at a wavelength of 1.98 μm is demonstrated. Bit error rate measurements confirm the absence of penalty during the transmission through a subwavelength of 1.3 and 2.2 μm wide waveguides. © 2017 The Institution of Engineering and Technology

Data transmissions at 1.98 µm in cm-long SiGe waveguides

We demonstrate an error-free transmission of 10-Gbit/s optical signals along a SiGe waveguide at a wavelength of 1.98 µm. Bit error rate measurements confirm the absence of penalty during the transmission through a 2.5-cm long waveguide having a width of 2.2 µm

High speed optical transmission at 2 µm in subwavelength waveguides made of various materials

International audienc

High speed optical transmission at 2 μm in subwavelength waveguides made of various materials

We report the transmission of a 10 Gbps telecommunication signal at 2 μm in waveguides made of three different materials: Si, SiGe and TiO2. Bit error rates below 10−9 can be achieved after transmission in the devices with subwavelength dimensions.</p