Nonendodontic periapical lesions:a retrospective descriptive study in a Brazilian population

Several nonendodontic diseases can occur in the periapical region, resembling endodontic inflammatory conditions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of nonendodontic periapical lesions diagnosed in a Brazilian population. The files of two Oral Pathology laboratories were reviewed and all cases including at least one clinical diagnosis of endodontic periapical lesions were selected for the study. After initial selection, demographic and clinical data, clinical diagnosis and final diagnosis were reviewed and tabulated. Final diagnosis included endodontic periapical lesions, and benign and malignant nonendodontic periapical lesions. Data were descriptively and comparatively analyzed among the three groups, with a significance level of 5% (p0.05). The frequency of nonendodontic periapical lesions was high and, although the general distribution was similar to the results from other populations, some features were probably associated with the profile of the studied populations and to the methods applied in the present study. Knowledge on differential diagnosis of endodontic and nonendodontic periapical lesions is essential to avoid unnecessary treatments and diagnostic delay in routine dental practice

Tratamento do câncer de próstata hormônio refratário atual e suas inovações: Revisão de literatura / Treatment of current prostate hormone refractory cancer and its innovations: Literature review

Objetivo: Propôs-se realizar com esse estudo uma revisão de literatura a respeito do avanço do tratamento do câncer de próstata hormônio refratário, analisando artigos de 2015-2020. Método: todos os dados contidos no trabalho, foram selecionados mediante prévia revisão da literatura, utilizando os seguintes descritores: câncer de prostáta; tratamento; terapia de privação hormonal; câncer de próstata avançado; abiraterona; docetaxel; prostate cancer; treatment; advanced prostate cancer; androgen deprivation therapy; abiraterone , tomando como base artigos levantados nos últimos anos publicados por meio do Pubmed e da Scielo. Como critério de inclusão, foram estabelecidos artigos publicados na íntegra, nos idiomas português e inglês, publicados no período de 2015 a 2020, utilizando os descritores citados anteriormente. Como critério de exclusão, foram retirados artigos que estavam fora do período estudado e os que não tratavam de humanos. Resultados: para realização dessa revisão bibliográfica, foi encontrado um total de 231 artigos científicos, dos quais apenas 5 foram selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão. Conclusão: foi observado que os homens com câncer de próstata localizado ou avançado se beneficiam do uso da abiraterona adjunto com a terapia de privação hormonal quando comparado com ela isolada ou junta ao docetaxel. 

Checklist of the birds of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil: diversity and conservation

Several phytogeographic regions (Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, Gran Chaco, and Chiquitano Dry Forests) converge in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and influence regional biodiversity. Despite a list of birds in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul being published by Nunes et al. (2017), it is necessary to update and critically review avifauna records. In this study, we gathered the results of several records obtained from species lists and online data platforms of the 336 sites in this state over the last decades and grouped them into Main (Primary and Secondary) and Tertiary Lists. The avifauna of Mato Grosso do Sul is composed of 678 species, of which 643 (95%) have records proving their occurrence (Primary List), whereas 34 still lack documentation (Secondary List). The number of related species for Mato Grosso do Sul represents 34% of the Brazilian avifauna. Some species stand out for their unique occurrence in Mato Grosso do Sul, such as Melanerpes cactorum, Celeus lugubris, Phaethornis subochraceus, and Cantorchilus guarayanus, reflecting the influence of different phytogeographic regions of the Chaco and Chiquitano Dry Forests. Migrants represent 20% of the bird community occurring in the state, of which 93 species correspond to migrants from various regions of South America (south and west) and 40 to boreal migrants. Thirty-three species perform nomadic movements across the Pantanal Plain and other regions of the state. Thirty-one species are included in some conservation-threatened categories of global and/or national endangered species lists. Other 30 species are included in the near-threatened category at the global level and 23 at the national level. In addition, species typical of dry forests (in Serra da Bodoquena and Maciço do Urucum) and those from the Atlantic Forest in the south of the state deserve attention due to their restricted distribution and the high anthropogenic pressure on their habitat

Checklist of the birds of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil: diversity and conservation

Several phytogeographic regions (Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, Gran Chaco, and Chiquitano Dry Forests) converge in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, and influence regional biodiversity. Despite a list of birds in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul being published by Nunes et al. (2017), it is necessary to update and critically review avifauna records. In this study, we gathered the results of several records obtained from species lists and online data platforms of the 336 sites in this state over the last decades and grouped them into Main (Primary and Secondary) and Tertiary Lists. The avifauna of Mato Grosso do Sul is composed of 678 species, of which 643 (95%) have records proving their occurrence (Primary List), whereas 34 still lack documentation (Secondary List). The number of related species for Mato Grosso do Sul represents 34% of the Brazilian avifauna. Some species stand out for their unique occurrence in Mato Grosso do Sul, such as Melanerpes cactorum, Celeus lugubris, Phaethornis subochraceus, and Cantorchilus guarayanus, reflecting the influence of different phytogeographic regions of the Chaco and Chiquitano Dry Forests. Migrants represent 20% of the bird community occurring in the state, of which 93 species correspond to migrants from various regions of South America (south and west) and 40 to boreal migrants. Thirty-three species perform nomadic movements across the Pantanal Plain and other regions of the state. Thirty-one species are included in some conservation-threatened categories of global and/or national endangered species lists. Other 30 species are included in the near-threatened category at the global level and 23 at the national level. In addition, species typical of dry forests (in Serra da Bodoquena and Maciço do Urucum) and those from the Atlantic Forest in the south of the state deserve attention due to their restricted distribution and the high anthropogenic pressure on their habitat

O Futuro do turismo no Brasil a partir da análise crítica do período 2000-2019

This article provides a perspective on tourism in Brazil, analyzing the main developments focusing on the period 2000-2019. This opinion paper provides a reflection made by academics with expertise in tourism in Brazil. Tourism-related topics covered in this paper include economics, politics and planning, marketing, transportation, environment, gastronomy, hospitality, leisure, among others. As the main conclusion, it is argued that Brazil has not managed to position itself as an internationally renowned destination. The efforts in the 1990s to support the development of regional tourism have had only moderate success. Economic crises, political instability, violence and corruption were obstacles that considerably affected the tourism sector. The lack of a coordinated approach between the various levels of government, the shortage of tourism data and a long-term supra-governmental marketing campaign, among other factors, meant that the country missed several opportunities in the 2010s to become established as one of the top tourist destinations in the global market.El artículo ofrece una perspectiva del turismo en Brasil, analizando los principales desarrollos con un enfoque en el período 2000-2019. Es un artículo de opinión con reflexiones de investigadores del turismo brasileño. Los temas relacionados con el turismo que se tratan en este artículo incluyen economía, política y planificación, marketing, transporte, medio ambiente, gastronomía, hostelería, ocio, entre otros. Como conclusión principal, se considera que Brasil no ha logrado posicionarse como un destino de renombre internacional, ya que desde la década de los noventa los esfuerzos para apoyar el desarrollo del turismo regional solo han tenido un éxito moderado. Las crisis económicas, la inestabilidad política, la violencia y la corrupción fueron obstáculos que afectaron considerablemente al sector turístico. La falta de un enfoque coordinado entre los distintos niveles de gobierno, la escasez de datos turísticos y una campaña de marketing supra gubernamental a largo plazo, entre otros factores, hicieron que el país perdiera varias oportunidades importantes en la década de 2010 para establecerse como uno de los principales destinos turísticos del mercado mundial.O presente artigo oferece uma perspectiva sobre o turismo no Brasil, analisando os principais desdobramentos com foco no período de 2000-2019. Trata-se de um artigo de opinião com reflexões de acadêmicos do turismo brasileiro. Os tópicos relacionados ao turismo, cobertos neste artigo, incluem economia, política e planejamento, marketing, transporte, meio ambiente, gastronomia, hospitalidade, lazer, entre outros. Como principal conclusão, considera-se que o Brasil não conseguiu se posicionar como destino de renome internacional, já que desde a década de 1990 os esforços para apoiar o desenvolvimento do turismo regional obtiveram sucesso apenas moderado. As crises econômicas, a instabilidade política, a violência e a corrupção foram entraves que afetaram consideravelmente o setor de turismo. A falta de uma abordagem coordenada entre os vários níveis de governo, a escassez de dados de turismo e uma campanha de marketing supra-governamental de longo prazo, entre outros fatores, fizeram com que o país perdesse várias oportunidades importantes na década de 2010 para se estabelecer como um dos principais destinos turísticos no mercado global

Sanitary conditions of the third largest informal settlement in Brazil

Large Brazilian cities, such as Rio de Janeiro, suffer serious environmental problems caused by informal settlements (IS), such as advances in the degradation of surface waters involving anthropic pressures resulting from uncontrolled urban growth, lack of sanitation or disasters related to climate events, creating a gap in relevant information about environmental health in urban IS. Therefore, it is essential to assess the health conditions of IS and the local population's perception of their living conditions. This study aimed to evaluate, by online form and public data, the sanitary conditions of the third largest IS in Brazil, the Rio das Pedras community, which was located on the banks of the Jacarepaguá Lagoon complex. The analysis revealed that 35% of respondents reported releasing domestic sewage directly into the river near their homes. Furthermore, 83% of the participants reported that they disposed of urban solid waste inappropriately. About 21% of residents reported falling ill due to direct contact with unsafe water after flood events. Public managers, concerned with advancing sustainability agendas and mitigating the risks to environmental health related to the lack of adequate sanitation services, should invest in actions that reflect the perception of the local population, proposing more appropriate socio-environmental solutions. HIGHLIGHTS Analysis of the sanitary conditions of the main slum profile in Brazil.; Perception of environmental reality reported essentially by residents.; Pointing out the various forms of improper disposal of domestic effluents in water bodies.; Part of the population is in constant health vulnerability due to contact with unsafe water.; Most interviewees are aware of contributing to environmental degradation.

Is the Expression of Inducible (iNOS) and Endothelial (eNOS) Nitric Oxide Synthases an Early Event in Breast Carcinogenesis?

Hosp Canc, Med & Res Ctr, Dept Breast Surg, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Canc, Med & Res Ctr, Dept Anat Pathol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Gynaecol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Gynaecol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Comparative study of epidural xylazine or clonidine in horses

Objective To evaluate the cardiorespiratory and behavioural effects of epidural xylazine (XYL) or clonidine (CLO) in horses.Study design Blinded, randomized experimental study.Twelve healthy Arabian yearling horses weighing 117-204 kg were randomly allocated into two groups: XYL (n = 6) and CLO (n = 6).Methods An epidural catheter was inserted and a facial arterial catheter was placed and the next day the horses were restrained in stocks. Baseline values for heart (HR) and respiratory (RR) rates, arterial pressure and behavioural responses were evaluated before (TO) and 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after epidural injection (T10-T120). The horses received 0.2 mg kg(-1) of XYL or 5 mu g kg(-1) CLO; adjusted to (3.4 + (body weight in kg x 0.013) mL with saline. Data were analysed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA with repeated measures, and one-way ANOVA followed by a Student-Newman-Keuls test or Fisher's exact test, as necessary. Significance was set at p <= 0.05.Results Sedation and ataxia were seen at T10, persisting until T120 in four and three horses, respectively, in XYL and all horses in CLO respectively. Two XYL and one CLO horses became recumbent at T45 and T25 respectively. Penile prolapse occurred in four of five males at T30 and T45, in the XYL and CLO groups, respectively, resolving by T120. Tail relaxation was present from T10 to T120 in all horses in XYL and in four horses in CLO. Head drop was observed from T20 to T60 and from T10 to T120 in XYL and CLO respectively. Respiratory rate decreased significantly only at T45 in the CLO group. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure remained stable.Conclusions and clinical relevance Epidural CLO and XYL produce similar cardiorespiratory and behavioural changes but neither would be safe to use clinically at the doses used in this study