Una propuesta de asignatura para la Ingeniería del Software Orientada a Objetos

En la mayoría de los planes de estudio de la Ingeniería Informática, los temas de orientación a objetos suelen incluirse de forma aislada dentro de las asignaturas de Ingenieria del Software, complementando así la visión del alumno con respecto a los sistemas tradicionales. La creciente utilización de herramientas O.O, unida a las interesantes características que posee este tipo de sistemas y al poco énfasis que se hace del ciclo de vida de aplicaciones orientadas a objetos dentro de los planes de estudio actuales, nos ha movido a ofertar una materia “Desarrollo de sistemas orientados a objetos”, que intentamos abarque los aspectos de OO que no son tratados con suficiente profundidad en las asignaturas obligatorias de Ingeniería del Software

Una experiencia en la docencia de Ingeniería del Software orientada a objetos

En las próximas líneas describimos nuestra experiencia en la docencia de una asignatura de Ingeniería del software Orientada a Objetos después de haberla impartido durante el curso 98/99, Como es sabido, la Ingeniería del software es una de las materias que ha aumentado más su contenido en los nuevos planes de estudio de las diversas carreras de Informática, tanto a nivel de ingeniería técnica como superior. Debido a causas que explicaremos a continuación, la asignatura que propusimos como optativa para los alumnos de Informática de la Uex, tuvo que transformarse en un curso. de perfeccionamiento. En los párrafos siguientes explicamos nuestra experiencia, y las conclusiones que sacamos para aplicar en el curso 99/00

Documentación de componentes: una aproximación basada en diagramas de secuencia

Los rápidos cambios que experimentan las reglas de negocio asociadas a las empresas, hacen que por una parte se incremente el número de nuevas soluciones software a construir, mientras que por otro lado aumente el tiempo y dinero destinado a la evolución de los sistemas existentes. La falta de información sobre el comportamiento preciso de los componentes utilizados dificulta la evolución de los sistemas desarrollados. De esta manera, añadir un nuevo componente o sustituir uno existente plantea problemas derivados por las nuevas interacciones que se dan para integrarlo en un sistema en funcionamiento.Palabras clave: componentes software, escenarios, reutilización, mantenimiento de sistemas, diagramas de paso de mensajes, autómatas

Panel sobre la enseñanza de la Ingeniería del Software

Presentamos el conjunto de 5 asignaturas que en nuestro centro están relacionadas con la Ingeniería del Software: Corresponden a 3, 4, y 5. curso, de las tres carreras que se imparten. Nos interesa resaltar la problemática que tenemos debido a la división de las asignaturas que presenta el plan de estudios, el solapamiento de contenidos, y la diferente consideración que tienen las asignaturas según la carrera en la que se curse, con el consiguiente problema en los cursos altos sobre conocimientos que tienen los alumnos en cursos anteriores

Monitoring of miR-181a-5p and miR-155-5p Plasmatic Expression as Prognostic Biomarkers for Acute and Subclinical Rejection in de novo Adult Liver Transplant Recipients

Background and Aims: News strategies for the accurate assessment of the state of immunosuppression (IS) in liver transplant recipients are needed to prevent rejection and minimize drug-related side effects. miRNAs can potentially be used as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in transplant patients. This study evaluated the capacity of a plasmatic miRNA panel (miR-155-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR148-3p) as an early non-invasive prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for T cell-mediated acute rejection (TCMAR) and subclinical rejection (SCR) in adult liver recipients.Methods: A total of 145 liver recipients were included. All patients received a calcineurin inhibitor with or without mycophenolate mofetil and methylprednisolone. Plasmatic miRNA expression was assessed by qPCR before and at different time-points after liver transplantation.Results: Seventeen patients experienced TCMAR, and eight were diagnosed with SCR during the protocol biopsy at the 3rd month post-transplantation. Pre-transplantation, miR-155-5p expression was significantly higher in TCMAR patients and in SCR patients than in non-rejectors, and miR-181a-5p expression was also significantly higher in SCR patients than in non-rejectors. Post-transplantation, before transaminase-level modification, significantly increased miR-181a-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-122-5p expression was observed in TCMAR and SCR patients. Binary logistic regression analyses showed, post-transplantation, that TCMAR risk was better predicted by individual expression of miR-181a-5p (LOGIT = −6.35 + 3.87*miR-181a-5p), and SCR risk was better predicted by the combination of miR-181a-5p and miR-155-5p expression (LOGIT = −5.18 + 2.27*miR-181a-5p+1.74*miR-155-5p).Conclusions: Pre-transplantation plasmatic miR-155-5p expression may be useful for stratifying low-immunologic-risk patients, and post-transplantation miR-181a-5p and miR-155-5p may be candidates for inclusion in early, non-invasive prognostic biomarker panels to prevent TCMAR or SCR and better identify patient candidates for IS minimization. Large prospective randomized multicenter trials are needed to refine the cut-off values and algorithms and validate the clinical usefulness of these biomarkers

Component documentation: An approach based on sequence diagrams

Los rápidos cambios que experimentan las reglas de negocio asociadas a las empresas, hacen que por una parte se incremente el número de nuevas soluciones software a construir, mientras que por otro lado aumente el tiempo y dinero destinado a la evolución de los sistemas existentes. La falta de información sobre el comportamiento preciso de los componentes utilizados dificulta la evolución de los sistemas desarrollados. De esta manera, añadir un nuevo componente o sustituir uno existente plantea problemas derivados por las nuevas interacciones que se dan para integrarlo en un sistema en funcionamiento. Este artículo presenta una herramienta que partiendo de los diagramas de secuencia y demás información obtenida en la fase de Análisis y Diseño, permite mejorar el conocimiento de los servicios de los componentes utilizados y de sus interacciones con el entorno en donde se utiliza. Así mismo, se estudia la posibilidad de agregación o sustitución, individual o mediante la utilización de conjuntos de componentes que cooperen para adaptarse a los nuevos requisitos del sistema. Con todo ello, se pretende minimizar los posibles problemas de integración de nuevos componentes en un sistema software.The rapid changes experienced by the business rules associated with companies, They mean that, on the one hand, the number of new software solutions to be built increases, while on the other hand, the time and money allocated to evolution increases. of existing systems. Lack of accurate behavioral information of the components used hinders the evolution of the developed systems. From In this way, adding a new component or replacing an existing one poses problems derived from the new interactions that occur to integrate it into a functioning system. This article presents a tool that, starting from the diagrams of sequence and other information obtained in the Analysis and Design phase, allows to improve the knowledge of the services of the components used and their interactions with the environment in which it is used. Likewise, the possibility of aggregation or substitution, individually or through the use of sets of components that cooperate to adapt to new system requirements. With all this, it is intended minimize the potential problems of integrating new components into a system software

Modeling Dynamics of Human Gut Microbiota Derived from Gluten Metabolism: Obtention, Maintenance and Characterization of Complex Microbial Communities

[EN] Western diets are rich in gluten-containing products, which are frequently poorly digested. The human large intestine harbors microorganisms able to metabolize undigested gluten fragments that have escaped digestion by human enzymatic activities. The aim of this work was obtaining and culturing complex human gut microbial communities derived from gluten metabolism to model the dynamics of healthy human large intestine microbiota associated with different gluten forms. For this purpose, stool samples from six healthy volunteers were inoculated in media containing predigested gluten or predigested gluten plus non-digested gluten. Passages were carried out every 24 h for 15 days in the same medium and community composition along time was studied via V3–V4 16S rDNA sequencing. Diverse microbial communities were successfully obtained. Moreover, communities were shown to be maintained in culture with stable composition for 14 days. Under non-digested gluten presence, communities were enriched in members of Bacillota, such as Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae, Streptococcaceae, Peptoniphilaceae, Selenomonadaceae or Erysipelotrichaceae, and members of Actinomycetota, such as Bifidobacteriaceae and Eggerthellaceae. Contrarily, communities exposed to digested gluten were enriched in Pseudomonadota. Hence, this study shows a method for culture and stable maintenance of gut communities derived from gluten metabolism. This method enables the analysis of microbial metabolism of gluten in the gut from a community perspectiveSIThis research was funded by Junta de Castilla y León, grant number LE015P20, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, grant PID2020-119044GB-I00. Y.C.M. received a grant from Conserjería de Educación of Junta de Castilla y León, co-funded by the European Social Fund (Orden de 12 de diciembre de 2019

Monitoring of miR-181a-5p and miR-155-5p Plasmatic Expression as Prognostic Biomarkers for Acute and Subclinical Rejection in de novo Adult Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background and Aims: News strategies for the accurate assessment of the state of immunosuppression (IS) in liver transplant recipients are needed to prevent rejection and minimize drug-related side effects. miRNAs can potentially be used as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in transplant patients. This study evaluated the capacity of a plasmatic miRNA panel (miR-155-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR148-3p) as an early non-invasive prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for T cell-mediated acute rejection (TCMAR) and subclinical rejection (SCR) in adult liver recipients. Methods: A total of 145 liver recipients were included. All patients received a calcineurin inhibitor with or without mycophenolate mofetil and methylprednisolone. Plasmatic miRNA expression was assessed by qPCR before and at different time-points after liver transplantation. Results: Seventeen patients experienced TCMAR, and eight were diagnosed with SCR during the protocol biopsy at the 3rd month post-transplantation. Pre-transplantation, miR-155-5p expression was significantly higher in TCMAR patients and in SCR patients than in non-rejectors, and miR-181a-5p expression was also significantly higher in SCR patients than in non-rejectors. Post-transplantation, before transaminase-level modification, significantly increased miR-181a-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-122-5p expression was observed in TCMAR and SCR patients. Binary logistic regression analyses showed, post-transplantation, that TCMAR risk was better predicted by individual expression of miR-181a-5p (LOGIT = -6.35 + 3.87*miR-181a-5p), and SCR risk was better predicted by the combination of miR-181a-5p and miR-155-5p expression (LOGIT = -5.18 + 2.27*miR-181a-5p+1.74*miR-155-5p). Conclusions: Pre-transplantation plasmatic miR-155-5p expression may be useful for stratifying low-immunologic-risk patients, and post-transplantation miR-181a-5p and miR-155-5p may be candidates for inclusion in early, non-invasive prognostic biomarker panels to prevent TCMAR or SCR and better identify patient candidates for IS minimization. Large prospective randomized multicenter trials are needed to refine the cut-off values and algorithms and validate the clinical usefulness of these biomarkers

Endoscopic management of bile leaks after liver transplantation: An analysis of two high-volume transplant centers

Bile leak after liver transplantation (LT) is commonly treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP); however, there are limited data regarding the optimal treatment strategy

Endoscopic management of bile leaks after liver transplantation: An analysis of two high- volume transplant centers

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166247/1/ueg2bf00797.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166247/2/ueg2bf00797-sup-0001.pd