28 research outputs found
The professor in the Service-Learning: explanatory variables
Texto en inglĂ©s e españolLa metodologĂa del aprendizaje-servicio es una de las mĂĄs
adecuadas para adaptarse a los cambios y a los nuevos retos sociales y educativos
en el espacio universitario. Se trata de un enfoque que promueve un aprendizaje
de tipo experiencial en el que el protagonismo no estĂĄ en el profesorado sino en
quienes ofrecen y en quienes reciben el servicio. Las razones para proponer esta
metodologĂa en las aulas universitarias son muy variadas, y tienen que ver con la
mejora de los procesos educativos, la formaciĂłn Ă©tica y ciudadana del alumnado,
asĂ como con la mejora de los vĂnculos existentes entre universidad y sociedad.
Concretamente, nuestro objetivo en este trabajo es analizar cuĂĄles son las
variables que explican que un profesor universitario introduzca la metodologĂa
de aprendizaje-servicio en su quehacer docente. MetodologĂa: Con este propĂłsito,hemos llevado a cabo un estudio con 1903 docentes de 6 universidades españolas
a los que se les ha aplicado el âCuestionario sobre PrĂĄctica docente y Actitud del
profesorado universitario hacia la InnovaciĂłnâ (CUPAIN). Resultados: Con los
datos obtenidos realizamos una regresiĂłn logĂstica con la finalidad de estimar
la probabilidad de que un profesor universitario utilice o no el aprendizajeservicio
segĂșn variables sociodemogrĂĄficas (sexo, edad, tipo de materia, alumnos
matriculados, situaciĂłn administrativa, experiencia, ciclo), la prĂĄctica docente, el
acuerdo con el compromiso social de la universidad y el interés por pråcticas
docentes innovadoras; y, posteriormente, un anĂĄlisis de varianza multivariado
(MANOVA) 5 X 2, y una prueba chi-cuadrado. DiscusiĂłn y conclusiones: El
anĂĄlisis de los datos nos permite concluir que de todas las variables analizadas
la que mejor predice el empleo del ApS por parte de los docentes es su acuerdo
con el compromiso social de la universidad, de tal forma que la probabilidad de
utilizar esta metodologĂa es 3.52 veces mayor que no hacerloThe service-learning methodology is one of the most appropriate
to adapt to changes, and new social and educational challenges in the Higher
Education environment. This is an approach that promotes an experiential type
of learning in which the teaching staff does not play a prominent role, but
those who offer and receive the service. There are several reasons for proposing
this methodology in the university classrooms, and they have to do with the
improvement of the educational processes, studentsâ ethical and civic education,
as well as with the improvement of the existing linkages between university and
society. Specifically, our objective in this paper is to analyze which are the variables
explaining the introduction of the service-learning methodology by a university
professor. Methodology: To this end, a study involving 1903 professors from 6
Spanish universities was carried out. They were administered the âQuestionnaire
on Teaching Practice and Attitude of University Professors towards Innovationâ
(CUPAIN). Results: With the data obtained, a logistic regression was performed
in order to estimate the probability that a university professor uses servicelearning
according to sociodemographic variables (sex, age, type of subject,
students enrolled, administrative situation, experience, cycle), teaching practice,
agreement with the social commitment of the university and interest in innovative
teaching practices; subsequently, a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA)
5 X 2, and a Chi-square test were applied. Discussion and Conclusions: The
data analysis allowed us to conclude that, of all the analyzed variables, the one
that better predicts the use of SL by the professors is their engagement with the
universityâs social commitment, in such a way that the probability of using this
methodology is 3.52 times higher than not doing itS
El profesorado universitario ante el aprendizaje-servicio: variables explicativas
IntroducciĂłn: La metodologĂa del aprendizaje-servicio es una de las mĂĄs adecuadas para adaptarse a los cambios y a los nuevos retos sociales y educativos en el espacio universitario. Se trata de un enfoque que promueve un aprendizaje de tipo experiencial en el que el protagonismo no estĂĄ en el profesorado sino en quienes ofrecen y en quienes reciben el servicio. Las razones para proponer esta metodologĂa en las aulas universitarias son muy variadas, y tienen que ver con la mejora de los procesos educativos, la formaciĂłn Ă©tica y ciudadana del alumnado, asĂ como con la mejora de los vĂnculos existentes entre universidad y sociedad. Concretamente, nuestro objetivo en este trabajo es analizar cuĂĄles son las variables que explican que un profesor universitario introduzca la metodologĂa de aprendizaje-servicio en su quehacer docente. MetodologĂa: Con este propĂłsito, hemos llevado a cabo un estudio con 1903 docentes de 6 universidades españolas a los que se les ha aplicado el âCuestionario sobre PrĂĄctica docente y Actitud del profesorado universitario hacia la InnovaciĂłnâ (CUPAIN). Resultados: Con los datos obtenidos realizamos una regresiĂłn logĂstica con la finalidad de estimar la probabilidad de que un profesor universitario utilice o no el aprendizaje servicio segĂșn variables sociodemogrĂĄficas (sexo, edad, tipo de materia, alumnos matriculados, situaciĂłn administrativa, experiencia, ciclo), la prĂĄctica docente, el acuerdo con el compromiso social de la universidad y el interĂ©s por prĂĄcticas docentes innovadoras; y, posteriormente, un anĂĄlisis de varianza multivariado (MANOVA) 5 X 2, y una prueba chi-cuadrado. DiscusiĂłn y conclusiones: El anĂĄlisis de los datos nos permite concluir que de todas las variables analizadas la que mejor predice el empleo del ApS por parte de los docentes es su acuerdo con el compromiso social de la universidad, de tal forma que la probabilidad de utilizar esta metodologĂa es 3.52 veces mayor que no hacerlo.Introduction: The service-learning methodology is one of the most appropriate to adapt to changes, and new social and educational challenges in the Higher Education environment. This is an approach that promotes an experiential type of learning in which the teaching staff does not play a prominent role, but those who offer and receive the service. There are several reasons for proposing this methodology in the university classrooms, and they have to do with the improvement of the educational processes, studentsâ ethical and civic education, as well as with the improvement of the existing linkages between university and society. Specifically, our objective in this paper is to analyze which are the variables explaining the introduction of the service-learning methodology by a university professor. Methodology: To this end, a study involving 1903 professors from 6 Spanish universities was carried out. They were administered the âQuestionnaire on Teaching Practice and Attitude of University Professors towards Innovationâ (CUPAIN). Results: With the data obtained, a logistic regression was performed in order to estimate the probability that a university professor uses service learning according to sociodemographic variables (sex, age, type of subject, students enrolled, administrative situation, experience, cycle), teaching practice, agreement with the social commitment of the university and interest in innovative teaching practices; subsequently, a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) 5 X 2, and a Chi-square test were applied. Discussion and Conclusions: The data analysis allowed us to conclude that, of all the analyzed variables, the one that better predicts the use of SL by the professors is their engagement with the universityâs social commitment, in such a way that the probability of using this methodology is 3.52 times higher than not doing it
Genetic diversity, yield, and fruit quality of persimmon in the tropics
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a diversidade genĂ©tica, o rendimento e a qualidade de frutos de genĂłtipos de caquizeiros cultivados nos trĂłpicos, para selecionar materiais genĂ©ticos promissores. A extração de DNA foi realizada em folhas jovens de 19 genĂłtipos de caqui. Para a caracterização pomolĂłgica, foram selecionados 15 genĂłtipos. Para cada genĂłtipo, 50 frutos foram colhidos pela manhĂŁ, no estĂĄgio de maturidade fisiolĂłgica, para determinar os seguintes parĂąmetros: caracterĂsticas fĂsico-quĂmicas; e as variĂĄveis produtivas nĂșmero de frutos por planta, massa de matĂ©ria fresca mĂ©dia dos frutos, produtividade mĂ©dia e produtividade mĂ©dia estimada, em duas safras. Vinte marcadores SSR foram testados, dos quais 12 foram selecionados para avaliar a similaridade genĂ©tica, o que permitiu a identificação de grupos distintos. O valor mĂ©dio de diversidade genĂ©tica encontrado foi 0,41, o que Ă© indicativo de baixa diversidade entre os genĂłtipos de caqui analisados. Os genĂłtipos 'Guiombo', 'Iapar 125', 'Kakimel', 'Mikado RJ', 'Rama Forte Tardio' e 'TaubatĂ©' apresentam alta produtividade. Os genĂłtipos classificados como sendo de polinização constante adstringente ('Pomelo', 'Regina', 'Rubi' e 'TaubatĂ©') e os classificados como sendo de polinização variante adstringente ('Rama Forte', 'Guiombo' e 'Cereja') sĂŁo materiais com potencial para uso em programas de seleção e melhoramento genĂ©tico, devido Ă s suas excelentes caracterĂsticas fĂsico-quĂmicas de fruta. A investigação por meio de marcadores moleculares Ă© uma abordagem eficiente para estudar a diversidade genĂ©tica de genĂłtipos de caquizeiro cultivados nos trĂłpicos.The objective of this work was to determine the genetic diversity, yield, and fruit quality of persimmon genotypes grown in the tropics, in order to select promising genetic materials. DNA extraction was performed on young leaves of 19 persimmon genotypes. For pomological characterization, 15 genotypes were selected. From each genotype, 50 fruit at the physiological maturity stage were harvested in the morning, in order to determine the following parameters: physicochemical characteristics; and the productive variables number of fruit per plant, average fruit fresh mass, average yield, and estimated average yield in two seasons. Twenty SSR markers were tested, out of which 12 were selected to evaluate genetic similarity, which allowed of the identification of distinct groups. The mean genetic diversity value found was 0.41, which is an indicative of low diversity among the analyzed persimmon genotypes. The 'Guiombo', 'Iapar 125', 'Kakimel', 'Mikado RJ', 'Rama Forte Tardio', and 'TaubatĂ©' genotypes show a high yield. The genotypes classified as pollination-constant astringent ('Pomelo', 'Regina', 'Rubi', and 'TaubatĂ©') and those classified as pollination-variant astringent ('Rama Forte', 'Guiombo', and 'Cereja') are potential materials for selection and genetic breeding programs due to their excellent fruit physicochemical characteristics. The investigation through molecular markers is an efficient approach to study the genetic diversity of persimmon genotypes grown in the tropics
MBW complexes impinge on anthocyanidin reductase gene regulation for proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in persimmon fruit
[EN] MBW protein complexes containing MYB, bHLH and WD40 repeat factors are known transcriptional regulators of secondary metabolites production such as proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins, and developmental processes such as trichome formation in many plant species. DkMYB2 and DkMYB4 (MYB-type), DkMYC1 (bHLH-type) and DkWDR1 (WD40-type) factors have been proposed by different authors to take part of persimmon MBW complexes for proanthocyanidin accumulation in immature fruit, leading to its characteristic astringent flavour with important agronomical and ecological effects. We have confirmed the nuclear localization of these proteins and their mutual physical interaction by bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis. In addition, transient expression of DkMYB2, DkMYB4 and DkMYC1 cooperatively increase the expression of a persimmon anthocyanidin reductase gene (ANR), involved in the biosynthesis of cis-flavan-3-ols, the structural units of proanthocyanidin compounds. Collectively, these data support the presence of MBW complexes in persimmon fruit and suggest their coordinated participation in ANR regulation for proanthocyanidin production.This work was funded by the Instituto Nacional de InvestigaciĂłn y TecnologĂa Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)-FEDER (grant no. RF2013-00043-C02-02 and RTA2017-00011-C03-01). FG-M was funded by a fellowship co-financed by the Generalitat Valenciana and European Social Fund (2014 2020) (grant no. ACIF/2016/115).Gil Muñoz, F.; Sanchez Navarro, JA.; Besada Ferreiro, CM.; Salvador Perez, AA.; Badenes Catala, M.; Naval Merino, MDM.; Rios Garcia, G. (2020). MBW complexes impinge on anthocyanidin reductase gene regulation for proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in persimmon fruit. Scientific Reports. 10:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60635-wS11110Dixon, R. A., Xie, D.-Y. & Sharma, S. B. Proanthocyanidinsâa final frontier in flavonoid research? New Phytol. 165, 9â28 (2005).Yonemori, K. & Matsushima, J. 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A cross population between D. kaki and D. virginiana shows high variability for saline tolerance and improved salt stress tolerance
[EN] Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) production is facing important problems related to climate change in the Mediterranean areas. One of them is soil salinization caused by the decrease and change of the rainfall distribution. In this context, there is a need to develop cultivars adapted to the increasingly challenging soil conditions. In this study, a backcross between (D. kaki x D. virginiana) x D. kaki was conducted, to unravel the mechanism involved in salinity tolerance of persimmon. The backcross involved the two species most used as rootstock for persimmon production. Both species are clearly distinct in their level of tolerance to salinity. Variables related to growth, leaf gas exchange, leaf water relations and content of nutrients were significantly affected by saline stress in the backcross population. Water flow regulation appears as a mechanism of salt tolerance in persimmon via differences in water potential and transpiration rate, which reduces ion entrance in the plant. Genetic expression of eight putative orthologous genes involved in different mechanisms leading to salt tolerance was analyzed. Differences in expression levels among populations under saline or control treatment were found. The 'High affinity potassium transporter' (HKT1-like) reduced its expression levels in the roots in all studied populations. Results obtained allowed selection of tolerant rootstocks genotypes and describe the hypothesis about the mechanisms involved in salt tolerance in persimmon that will be useful for breeding salinity tolerant rootstocks.This study was funded by the IVIA and the European Funds for Regional Development. F. G.M.was funded by a PhD fellowship from the European Social Fund and the Generalitat Valenciana (ACIF/2016/115). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.Gil Muñoz, F.; PĂ©rez-PĂ©rez, JG.; Quiñones, A.; Primo-Capella, A.; Cebolla Cornejo, J.; Forner Giner, MA.; Badenes Catala, M.... (2020). A cross population between D. kaki and D. virginiana shows high variability for saline tolerance and improved salt stress tolerance. PLoS ONE. 15(2):1-27. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229023S127152Visconti, F., de Paz, J. M., Bonet, L., JordĂ , M., Quiñones, A., & Intrigliolo, D. S. (2015). Effects of a commercial calcium protein hydrolysate on the salt tolerance of Diospyros kaki L. cv. «Rojo Brillante» grafted on Diospyros lotus L. Scientia Horticulturae, 185, 129-138. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.01.028Forner-Giner, M. A., & Ancillo, G. (2013). Breeding Salinity Tolerance in Citrus Using Rootstocks. Salt Stress in Plants, 355-376. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6108-1_14Visconti, F., Intrigliolo, D. 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El aprendizaje-servicio en la universidad: pedagogĂa y capital social para los estudiantes
Es un hecho que, al menos en España, con la puesta en marcha del Espacio Europeo
de la Educación Superior, la universidad creció en atención y sensibilidad estratégica
hacia determinadas cuestiones de corte pedagĂłgico en su articulaciĂłn curricular,
impulsando en los Campus planes de formaciĂłn inicial y continua de su profesorad
Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic