Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in Chronic Adenoiditis

The aim of our research was to study the multiphase response in a system of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines due to the additive contribution of homozygous and heterozygous genotypes for the polymorphic allelic variants of the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) genes in patients with chronic adenoiditis (CA). Materials and Methods: The study included 388 children with CA. Associations between the IL1B gene (rs1143634) (C+3954T) SNP and the IL-4 gene (rs2243250) (C-589T) SNP and the clinical manifestations and clinical outcome of CA were investigated. Genotyping for the studied SNPs was performed using real-time PCR. The study of genotype-associated cytokine production in accordance with the level of concentration of IL-1β, IL-4 in blood serum with the method of solidphase EIA using horseradish peroxidase as an indicating enzyme was carried out. Results: The presence of homozygous or heterozygous genotypes of the studied SNPs of the IL-1β and IL-4 genes was characterized with genetically determined cytokine-production forming the phenotypical polymorphism. The conducted research into congenital immunity factors with an assessment of genetically determined cytokine production has revealed 5 options of the cytokine response and their corresponding frequencies. We extrapolated the results on clinical and functional outcomes of chronic adenoiditis, which allowed us to identify non-randomness in the nature of chronic adenoiditis as a multifactorial disease. Conclusion: The obtained data are evidence of the phenotypic-genetic heterogeneity of CA

New behavioral forms of sportsman students identification in university digital educational reality

The relevance of the research is due to a wide range of changes in the University educational reality caused by the influence of the Internet, computers, smartphones, mobile devices and modern gadgets on the behavioural forms of student identification. These processes are becoming a matter of particular concern to the public and University teachers. In this regard, this study reveals the features of the value priorities of the University digital educational reality, which modify the behavioural forms of student identification. In the course of pedagogical modelling, which is the leading research method, the phenomenon of new behavioural forms of student identification is identified as the leading idea of the University digital educational reality. This article reveals the key values of student identity identification in the University digital educational reality. The structure and content of new behavioural forms of student identification are established. Based on the research materials, the correction module of new behavioural forms of student identification in the University digital educational reality is justified. The module effectiveness is proved by the results of using new behavioural forms of student identification in the University educational process. The materials of the article are recommended to teachers, methodologists, organizers of the educational process and University students

Introspectiveness of Higher Education Students: Study and Development

The change in strategic guidelines in Russian education is associated with a revision of the goals of teaching and upbringing. However, the emphasis of reforms has shifted towards the formation of the required professional competences at this stage in the development of the education system of the Russian Federation. We think that it is possible to achieve the set goal of higher education through the development of the introspectiveness as a quality of the personality of students. The formation of the introspectiveness in a future specialist will have an effect on the successful mastery, expansion and transformation of social experience, as well as the internal plan of action. Thus, demonstrating the formed introspectiveness as a personality trait, the student is able to organize his educational activities independently, activities to cognize the surrounding reality and his inner world, as well as self-determine in various life situations, including the development of general cultural and professional competences. In this regard, the emphasis in the issue of developing the introspectiveness of students is made on specifying the conditions that must be created at a higher education institution for the manifestation and formation of this personality quality. The purpose of the article is to study the level of the introspectiveness of university students and develop psychological and pedagogical conditions that develop this personality quality. The leading techniques for the study of this problem were the following: Q-sort Technique; the technique for diagnostics of an individual measure of the introspectiveness degree. At the stage of the ascertaining experiment, the levels of the introspectiveness of university students were revealed. The results of the ascertaining experiment convincingly demonstrated the need to organize special work to develop the introspectiveness of students. The authors substantiated that the success of developing students’ introspectiveness is ensured by the created psychological and pedagogical conditions. A model of developing the introspectiveness as a personality quality of a future professional has been developed and tested. The results of this study create opportunities for further development of the problem in the context of the organization of lectures in the learning process for students of different courses and types of specialization. The article is intended for psychologists, tutors, education managers

Correlating Global Gene Regulation to Angiogenesis in the Developing Chick Extra-Embryonic Vascular System

International audienceBACKGROUND: Formation of blood vessels requires the concerted regulation of an unknown number of genes in a spatial-, time- and dosage-dependent manner. Determining genes, which drive vascular maturation is crucial for the identification of new therapeutic targets against pathological angiogenesis. METHOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We accessed global gene regulation throughout maturation of the chick chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM), a highly vascularized tissue, using pan genomic microarrays. Seven percent of analyzed genes showed a significant change in expression (>2-fold, FDR<5%) with a peak occurring from E7 to E10, when key morphogenetic and angiogenic genes such as BMP4, SMO, HOXA3, EPAS1 and FGFR2 were upregulated, reflecting the state of an activated endothelium. At later stages, a general decrease in gene expression occurs, including genes encoding mitotic factors or angiogenic mediators such as CYR61, EPAS1, MDK and MYC. We identified putative human orthologs for 77% of significantly regulated genes and determined endothelial cell enrichment for 20% of the orthologs in silico. Vascular expression of several genes including ENC1, FSTL1, JAM2, LDB2, LIMS1, PARVB, PDE3A, PRCP, PTRF and ST6GAL1 was demonstrated by in situ hybridization. Up to 9% of the CAM genes were also overexpressed in human organs with related functions, such as placenta and lung or the thyroid. 21-66% of CAM genes enriched in endothelial cells were deregulated in several human cancer types (P<.0001). Interfering with PARVB (encoding parvin, beta) function profoundly changed human endothelial cell shape, motility and tubulogenesis, suggesting an important role of this gene in the angiogenic process. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our study underlines the complexity of gene regulation in a highly vascularized organ during development. We identified a restricted number of novel genes enriched in the endothelium of different species and tissues, which may play crucial roles in normal and pathological angiogenesis

Adrenal vein sampling in differential diagnosis of primary aldosteronism on the example of a clinical case

Primary aldosteronism is the most common cause of endocrine hypertension, occurring in 5–10% of patients with hypertension. Convincing evidence has been obtained indicating that primary aldosteronism increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, respectively, early diagnosis and treatment of patients with the definition of further tactics is a key step to prevent the progression of cardiovascular complications. The choice of the most appropriate treatment method for patients with primary aldosteronism depends on the diagnosis of nosological subtypes – bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (also known as idiopathic aldosteronism), which recommends a conservative treatment or unilateral aldosteronism due to aldosterone-producing adenoma, in which surgical treatment (adrenalectomy) is the tactic of choice. In addition, the "obvious" adrenal adenomas may in fact turn out to be areas of focal hyperplasia – a diagnostic error in this case leads to the unreasonable implementation of adrenalectomy. In order to clarify the lateralization of aldosterone hyperproduction, adrenal venous sampling is used. However, this method requires constant radiography, qualified endovascular surgery and is carried out in centralized medical hospitals. In this clinical case, we want to demonstrate the importance of a diagnosis of primary aldosteronism step by step

Introspectiveness of Higher Education Students: Study and Development

The change in strategic guidelines in Russian education is associated with a revision of the goals of teaching and upbringing. However, the emphasis of reforms has shifted towards the formation of the required professional competences at this stage in the development of the education system of the Russian Federation. We think that it is possible to achieve the set goal of higher education through the development of the introspectiveness as a quality of the personality of students. The formation of the introspectiveness in a future specialist will have an effect on the successful mastery, expansion and transformation of social experience, as well as the internal plan of action. Thus, demonstrating the formed introspectiveness as a personality trait, the student is able to organize his educational activities independently, activities to cognize the surrounding reality and his inner world, as well as self-determine in various life situations, including the development of general cultural and professional competences. In this regard, the emphasis in the issue of developing the introspectiveness of students is made on specifying the conditions that must be created at a higher education institution for the manifestation and formation of this personality quality. The purpose of the article is to study the level of the introspectiveness of university students and develop psychological and pedagogical conditions that develop this personality quality. The leading techniques for the study of this problem were the following: Q-sort Technique; the technique for diagnostics of an individual measure of the introspectiveness degree. At the stage of the ascertaining experiment, the levels of the introspectiveness of university students were revealed. The results of the ascertaining experiment convincingly demonstrated the need to organize special work to develop the introspectiveness of students. The authors substantiated that the success of developing students’ introspectiveness is ensured by the created psychological and pedagogical conditions. A model of developing the introspectiveness as a personality quality of a future professional has been developed and tested. The results of this study create opportunities for further development of the problem in the context of the organization of lectures in the learning process for students of different courses and types of specialization. The article is intended for psychologists, tutors, education managers.El cambio en las pautas estratégicas en la educación rusa está asociado con una revisión de los objetivos de la enseñanza y la educación. Sin embargo, el énfasis de las reformas se ha desplazado hacia la formación de las competencias profesionales necesarias en esta etapa del desarrollo del sistema educativo de la Federación de Rusia. Pensamos que es posible lograr el objetivo planteado de la educación superior a través del desarrollo de la introspectividad como una cualidad de la personalidad de los estudiantes. La formación de la introspectividad en un futuro especialista tendrá un efecto en el dominio, expansión y transformación exitosa de la experiencia social, así como en el plan de acción interno. Así, demostrando la introspectividad formada como un rasgo de personalidad, el estudiante es capaz de organizar sus actividades educativas de forma independiente, actividades para conocer la realidad circundante y su mundo interior, así como autodeterminarse en diversas situaciones de la vida, incluido el desarrollo de la cultura general. y competencias profesionales. En este sentido, el énfasis en el tema del desarrollo de la introspectividad de los estudiantes se hace en especificar las condiciones que deben crearse en una institución de educación superior para la manifestación y formación de esta cualidad de personalidad. El propósito del artículo es estudiar el nivel de introspectividad de los estudiantes universitarios y desarrollar las condiciones psicológicas y pedagógicas que desarrollan esta cualidad de personalidad. Las principales técnicas para el estudio de este problema fueron las siguientes: técnica de Q-sort; la técnica para el diagnóstico de una medida individual del grado de introspectividad. En la etapa del experimento de determinación, se revelaron los niveles de introspectividad de los estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados del experimento de comprobación demostraron de manera convincente la necesidad de organizar un trabajo especial para desarrollar la introspectividad de los estudiantes. Los autores corroboraron que el éxito en el desarrollo de la introspectividad de los estudiantes está garantizado por las condiciones psicológicas y pedagógicas creadas. Se ha desarrollado y probado un modelo de desarrollo de la introspectividad como cualidad de personalidad de un futuro profesional. Los resultados de este estudio crean oportunidades para un mayor desarrollo del problema en el contexto de la organización de conferencias en el proceso de aprendizaje para estudiantes de diferentes cursos y tipos de especialización. El artículo está dirigido a psicólogos, tutores, gestores educativos

Russian Association of Endocrinologists clinical practice guideline for adrenal incidentalomas differential diagnosis

This article discusses the management guidelines for serendipitously diagnosed adrenal masses cases, assessment of their hormonal activity and malignancy potential, pro- and contra indications for surgical treatment and follow-up algorithm for hormonally inactive tumors. Hypercathecholaminemya, endogenous hypercortisolism, primary hyperaldosteronism should be considered as variants of specific hormonal activity of tumor. The midnight suppression test with dexametasone 1 mg is recommended in all cases. Evaluation of basal ACTH in case of negative result of the test with dexametasone 1 mg (absence of morning cortisol level suppression) should be considered as confirmation test. For primary diagnosis of pheohromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) a free plasma or fractionated urine methanephrines concentrations evaluation should be recommended. If test is positive, comprehensive examination to exclude or confirm PPGL is necessity. The aldosterone/rennin ratio exposure should be considered for patients with arterial hypertension to exclude primary hyperaldosteronism. To evaluate malignant pattern of a tumor in all unclear cases should be provide assessment of computed tomography quantitative indices. Adrenal incidentalomas treatment guidelines isnt considered in the field of this recommendations and reported in relevant guidelines

Heterologous <i>codA</i> Gene Expression Leads to Mitigation of Salt Stress Effects and Modulates Developmental Processes

Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing the choline oxidase gene from A. globiformis showed an increase in resistance at the level of primary and secondary biosynthesis of metabolites, removing the damage characteristic of salinity and stabilizing the condition of plants. We used 200 mM NaCl, which inhibits the growth of tobacco plants at all stages of development. Leaves of transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants Nicotiána tabácum were used for biochemical, cytological and molecular biological analysis. However, for transgenic lines cultivated under normal conditions (without salinity), we noted juvenile characteristics, delay in flowering, and slowing down of development, including the photosynthetic apparatus. This caused changes in the amount of chlorophyll, a delay in the plastid grana development with the preservation of prolamellar bodies. It also caused changes in the amount of sugars and indirectly downstream processes. A significant change in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and a change in metabolism is probably compensated by the regulation of a number of genes, the expression level of which was also changed. Thus, the tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants to salinity, which manifested itself as a result of the constitutive expression of codA, demonstrates an advantage over WT plants, but in the absence of salinity, transgenic plants did not have such advantages due to juvenilization