Endorsement and Social Role of the Ethos of Conflict in Serbia

The study’s aims are to analyze the endorsement of the ethos of conflict (EoC )‎narrative in the Serbian-Albanian conflict among the adults in Serbia, its relation ‎to political conservatism, and its role in pushing conservative political action. A total of N = 1613 adults (aged 18+) were recruited for face-to-face interviewing, ‎in a representative sampling procedure, in December 2019 in Serbia.‎ The results show high endorsement of EoC in the Serbian-Albanian fray; the‎ mediation effect of EoC (having both high EoC and high conservatism is associated‎ with greater political activism); the relation between EoC and political‎ activism is moderated by age (the older population endorsing higher EoC‎ was more politically active). In the future, we should address more actively the‎ mobilizers of reactionary political actions in public and individual spheres, to‎ better understand the mechanisms for achieving long-term peace.

Activation of Stress Kinases in the Brain of Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB mice

The accumulation of heparan sulfate (HS) in lysosomes is the primary consequence of the enzyme defect (α-N-acetylglucosaminidase) in mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB. This accumulation triggers a cascade of pathological events that progressively leads to CNS pathology. Here we examined the activation of the three major stress kinases in the neuronal tissue of a murine model of the disease. ERK1/2 was significantly higher in the cortex of 1–2-month-old affected animals compared with wild-type (Wt) littermates. Similarly, ERK1/2 was stimulated in neurons cultured from MPS IIIB mice. SAPK/JNK was also found to be activated in the cortex of 1–2-month-old affected animals compared with Wt subjects, and the same was found for cultured neurons. In contrast, the active form of p38MAPK was lower in the cortex of 1-month-old MPS IIIB mice compared with Wt animals, but no significant difference was found between the two p38MAPK analyzed in normal and affected neurons cultured in vitro. These data indicate the possible involvement of MAPK dysregulation in the early stage of MPS IIIB brain disease. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc

Drawingvoice 2.0: classroom joint designing and Facebook interactions to develop reflexivity and awareness

Drawingvoice 2.0 is an instructional method of collaborative pencil and paper drawing to use in the school classroom, followed by Facebook interaction on the drawing produced in class. It is based on a participatory and meta reflective approach, explicitly aimed at deconstructing, negotiating, and reconstructing the meaning that students attribute to themselves regarding their professional expectations and educational pathways. In particular, the collaborative pencil and paper drawing allows for the student’s emotional symbolisation processes underlying their educational pathway. Drawingvoice 2.0 induces a multidimensional cognitive and meta-cognitive process further supported by the following interaction on Facebook. Therefore, the World Wide Web is the added resource for sharing and deepening the classmates’ discussion. Finally, Drawingvoice 2.0 supported structural group interaction and was an important supportive and instructional method to bring about transformational and developmental training practices. As the main result, in our experience, psychology students increased their reflectivity about their strengths and threats in being psychologists within their cultural contexts and potential positive resources underlying their choice. Drawingvoice 2.0 thus enhanced their self-awareness about the lights and shadows of their training and future professional career.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Play and learn: Children's agency through the COVID‐19 pandemic in Mozambique

Social distancing, one of the measures adopted in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, profoundly impacted on the lives of children. The consequences were, however, not homogenous. By focusing on the daily practices of 41 Mozambican children aged 3–10, we consider how differences in socioeconomic backgrounds led children to respond to the social restrictions in ways that made sense to them. Inspired by Abebe (2019), we identify how the interruptions of daily routines enabled specific instances of agency on children's part. These, we argue, produce new forms of continuity

“Yes, but somebody has to help them, somehow:” Looking at the italian detention field through the eyes of professional nonstate actors

Although migration-related detention has proliferated around the world, little is known about life inside these sites of confinement for illegalized non-citizens. Building on 34 months of fieldwork, this article examines the lived experiences of center staff and external civil-society actors engaged within Rome’s detention center. We discuss the emotional, ethical, and political challenges faced by these professional actors in their everyday work and their relationship with detainees. Our aim is to shed light on psychosocial life in detention and the intersections between humanitarian and security logics in this setting. In doing so, we problematize the idea that “humanizing detention” can be a solution for change.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Toll-Like Receptor 4 Modulates Small Intestine Neuromuscular Function through Nitrergic and Purinergic Pathways

Objective: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role in the homeostatic microflora-host crosstalk. TLR4-mediated modulation of both motility and enteric neuronal survival has been reported mainly for colon with limited information on the role of TLR4 in tuning structural and functional integrity of enteric nervous system (ENS) and in controlling small bowel motility. Methods: Male TLR4 knockout (TLR4-/-, 9 \ub1 1 weeks old) and sex- and age-matched wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice were used for the experiments. Alterations in ENS morphology and neurochemical code were assessed by immunohistochemistry whereas neuromuscular function was evaluated by isometric mechanical activity of ileal preparations following receptor and non-receptor-mediated stimuli and by gastrointestinal transit. Results: The absence of TLR4 induced gliosis and reduced the total number of neurons, mainly nNOS+ neurons, in ileal myenteric plexus. Furthermore, a lower cholinergic excitatory response with an increased inhibitory neurotransmission was found together with a delayed gastrointestinal transit. These changes were dependent on increased ileal non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxations mediated by a complex neuronal-glia signaling constituted by P2X7 and P2Y1 receptors, and NO produced by nNOS and iNOS. Conclusion: We provide novel evidence that TLR4 signaling is involved in the fine-tuning of P2 receptors controlling ileal contractility, ENS cell distribution, and inhibitory NANC neurotransmission via the combined action of NO and adenosine-5\u2032-triphosphate (ATP). For the first time, this study implicates TLR4 at regulating the crosstalk between glia and neurons in small intestine and helps to define its role in gastrointestinal motor abnormalities during dysbiosis

Une unité d’exploitation rurale de la première moitié du IIIe siècle av. J.-C à Mer (Loir-et-Cher)

National audienceL'étude des vestiges archéologiques découverts à Mer, au lieu-dit Les Gaudines, révèle une unité d'exploitationrurale de la première moitié du IIIe s. av. J.-C. dont les composantes architecturales et fonctionnelles– à savoir un bâtiment carré sur tranchées et poteaux internes associé à un bâtiment à porche sur poteauxporteurs – semblent correspondre à un modèle laténien récurrent. Le second type de bâtiment a pu êtreidentifié comme une étable par des analyses physico-chimiques. Une monnaie punique en bronze suscitedes interrogations sur le statut des occupants du site

The relationships between the child- mother and self recognition in children with and without autism

Este estudo examinou as relações entre os comportamentos interativos mãe-criança e o reconhecimento da imagem de si em crianças com e sem autismo A revisão teórica aponta para a importância da qualidade da interação para a emergência desta habilidade. Além disso, os estudos nessa área apontam divergências no aparecimento dessa capacidade, no que se refere a idade desenvolvimental e formas de expressão em populações atípicas. Contudo, a investigação da relação entre interação mãe-criança e reconhecimento da imagem de si raramente foi investigada. Participaram do estudo 20 díades mãe-criança distribuídas em dois grupos: desenvolvimento típico (DT), com idades entre 2e 3 anos, e autismo, com idades entre 4 e 6 anos. Foram realizadas entrevistas com as mães e uma sessão de brinquedo livre, além da técnica do espelho, replicada de estudos anteriores, para mensurar o comportamento de reconhecimento da imagem de si. As informações sobre os dados sócio-demográficos e de desenvolvimento da criança, contidas nas entrevistas realizadas com as mães, foram utilizadas na caracterização da amostra. Os vídeos das sessões de observação foram utilizados para codificação dos comportamentos maternos e infantis. Os resultados mostraram uma relação de significância entre o comportamento materno de compartilhamento de tópico e o reconhecimento da imagem de si. Também foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os grupos quanto ao comportamento infantil de atenção compartilhada, com o grupo com DT apresentando uma freqüência maior deste comportamento que o grupo com autismo. Os resultados sugerem a importância da presença da mãe no reconhecimento da imagem de si em crianças com autismo, visto que não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos. Finalmente, ressalta-se que o exame da habilidade de reconhecimento da imagem de si, de forma independente da fala, pode ser uma ferramenta importante na avaliação psicológica de crianças com atrasos e/ou comprometimentos significativos de linguagem.This study examined the relationships between the of child- mother and self -recognition in children with and without autism. More recent theories outline the quality of child-mother interactions for the emergency of this ability. It was observed that there are divergences in the emergence of that capacity, the role of the developmental age and forms of expression in atypical population However, the relationship between child-mother interaction and self recognition was rarely investigated. In this study, participated twenty child-mother dyads distributed in two groups (typical development (DT) and autism). Interviews with the mothers, a play session, and experimental techniques for measuring self recognition were used. The videos of the observation session were used for coding both the maternal and child's behaviors. Associations between the self-recognition maternal behaviors were also found. The results showed differences between the groups on child's behaviors with the TD group showing greater frequency of joint attention. The results suggest that the presence of the mothers seems to be important for the occurrence of self-recognition. Finally, the examination of the self-recognition ability, independently of the speech, may be an important tool in the psychological assessment of children with language impairment and/or delay