Face recognition along with DWT based steganography for net banking

Face recognition technique now a days is emerging as the most significant and challenging aspects in terms of security for identification of images in various fields like banking, police records, biometric etc. other than an individual’s thumb and documented identification proofs. Till date for efficient net banking to be initiated, one has to provide the appropriate user name and password for purpose of authentication. This paper introduces a more reliable authentication of an individual by providing Face Image along with User Name and Password to the system. In this an individual’s face is identified by biometric authentication support with which, only a person whose account is, can access it. However while transferring this sensitive data of user image, from client machine to bank server it has to be protected from hackers and intruders from manhandling it, hence it is transferred using covert communication called Wavelet Decomposition based steganography

HIV and cancer registry linkage identifies a substantial burden of cancers in persons with HIV in India.

We utilized computerized record-linkage methods to link HIV and cancer databases with limited unique identifiers in Pune, India, to determine feasibility of linkage and obtain preliminary estimates of cancer risk in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) as compared with the general population.Records of 32,575 PLHIV were linked to 31,754 Pune Cancer Registry records (1996-2008) using a probabilistic-matching algorithm. Cancer risk was estimated by calculating standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) in the early (4-27 months after HIV registration), late (28-60 months), and overall (4-60 months) incidence periods. Cancers diagnosed prior to or within 3 months of HIV registration were considered prevalent.Of 613 linked cancers to PLHIV, 188 were prevalent, 106 early incident, and 319 late incident. Incident cancers comprised 11.5% AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs), including cervical cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but not Kaposi sarcoma (KS), and 88.5% non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). Risk for any incident cancer diagnosis in early, late, and combined periods was significantly elevated among PLHIV (SIRs: 5.6 [95% CI 4.6-6.8], 17.7 [95% CI 15.8-19.8], and 11.5 [95% CI 10-12.6], respectively). Cervical cancer risk was elevated in both incidence periods (SIRs: 9.6 [95% CI 4.8-17.2] and 22.6 [95% CI 14.3-33.9], respectively), while NHL risk was elevated only in the late incidence period (SIR: 18.0 [95% CI 9.8-30.20]). Risks for NADCs were dramatically elevated (SIR > 100) for eye-orbit, substantially (SIR > 20) for all-mouth, esophagus, breast, unspecified-leukemia, colon-rectum-anus, and other/unspecified cancers; moderately elevated (SIR > 10) for salivary gland, penis, nasopharynx, and brain-nervous system, and mildly elevated (SIR > 5) for stomach. Risks for 6 NADCs (small intestine, testis, lymphocytic leukemia, prostate, ovary, and melanoma) were not elevated and 5 cancers, including multiple myeloma not seen.Our study demonstrates the feasibility of using probabilistic record-linkage to study cancer/other comorbidities among PLHIV in India and provides preliminary population-based estimates of cancer risks in PLHIV in India. Our results, suggesting a potentially substantial burden and slightly different spectrum of cancers among PLHIV in India, support efforts to conduct multicenter linkage studies to obtain precise estimates and to monitor cancer risk in PLHIV in India

Bio-nanotechnology application in wastewater treatment

The nanoparticles have received high interest in the field of medicine and water purification, however, the nanomaterials produced by chemical and physical methods are considered hazardous, expensive, and leave behind harmful substances to the environment. This chapter aimed to focus on green-synthesized nanoparticles and their medical applications. Moreover, the chapter highlighted the applicability of the metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the inactivation of microbial cells due to their high surface and small particle size. Modifying nanomaterials produced by green-methods is safe, inexpensive, and easy. Therefore, the control and modification of nanoparticles and their properties were also discussed

A Re-examination of the Portevin-Le Chatelier Effect in Alloy 718 in Connection with Oxidation-Assisted Intergranular Cracking

In Alloy 718, a sharp transition exists in the fracture path changing from an intergranular brittle mode to a transgranular ductile mode which is associated with a transition of flow behavior from smooth in the dynamic strain aging regime to a serrated one in the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) regime. In order to better understand both deformation and rupture behavior, PLC phenomenon in a precipitation-hardened nickel-base superalloy was carefully investigated in a wide range of temperatures [573 K to 973 K (300°C to 700°C)] and strain rates (109^-5 to 3.2910^-2 s^-1 ). Distinction was made between two PLC domains characterized by different evolutions of the critical strain to the onset of the first serration namely normal and inverse behavior. The apparent activation energies associated with both domains were determined using different methods. Results showed that normal and inverse behavior domains are related to dynamic interaction of dislocations with, respectively, interstitial and substitutional solutes atoms. This analysis confirms that normal PLC regime may be associated to the diffusion of carbon atoms, whereas the substitutional species involves in the inverse regime is discussed with an emphasis on the role of Nb and Mo

Nintedanib for Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

BACKGROUND: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common manifestation of systemic sclerosis and a leading cause of systemic sclerosis-related death. Nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to have antifibrotic and antiinflammatory effects in preclinical models of systemic sclerosis and ILD. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in patients with ILD associated with systemic sclerosis. Patients who had systemic sclerosis with an onset of the first non-Raynaud's symptom within the past 7 years and a high-resolution computed tomographic scan that showed fibrosis affecting at least 10% of the lungs were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive 150 mg of nintedanib, administered orally twice daily, or placebo. The primary end point was the annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC), assessed over a 52-week period. Key secondary end points were absolute changes from baseline in the modified Rodnan skin score and in the total score on the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) at week 52. RESULTS: A total of 576 patients received at least one dose of nintedanib or placebo; 51.9% had diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, and 48.4% were receiving mycophenolate at baseline. In the primary end-point analysis, the adjusted annual rate of change in FVC was 1252.4 ml per year in the nintedanib group and 1293.3 ml per year in the placebo group (difference, 41.0 ml per year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.9 to 79.0; P=0.04). Sensitivity analyses based on multiple imputation for missing data yielded P values for the primary end point ranging from 0.06 to 0.10. The change from baseline in the modified Rodnan skin score and the total score on the SGRQ at week 52 did not differ significantly between the trial groups, with differences of 120.21 (95% CI, 120.94 to 0.53; P=0.58) and 1.69 (95% CI, 120.73 to 4.12 [not adjusted for multiple comparisons]), respectively. Diarrhea, the most common adverse event, was reported in 75.7% of the patients in the nintedanib group and in 31.6% of those in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with ILD associated with systemic sclerosis, the annual rate of decline in FVC was lower with nintedanib than with placebo; no clinical benefit of nintedanib was observed for other manifestations of systemic sclerosis. The adverse-event profile of nintedanib observed in this trial was similar to that observed in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; gastrointestinal adverse events, including diarrhea, were more common with nintedanib than with placebo

Atomic Species Associated with the Portevin–Le Chatelier Effect in Superalloy 718 Studied by Mechanical Spectroscopy

In many Ni-based superalloys, dynamic strain aging (DSA) generates an inhomogeneous plastic deformation resulting in jerky flow known as the Portevin--Le Chatelier (PLC) effect. This phenomenon has a deleterious effect on the mechanical properties and, at high temperature, is related to the diffusion of substitutional solute atoms toward the core of dislocations. However, the question about the nature of the atomic species responsible for the PLC effect at high temperature still remains open. The goal of the present work is to answer this important question; to this purpose, three different 718-type and a 625 superalloy were studied through a nonconventional approach by mechanical spectroscopy. The internal friction (IF) spectra of all the studied alloys show a relaxation peak P718 (at 885 K for 0.1 Hz) in the same temperature range, 700 K to 950 K, as the observed PLC effect. The activation parameters of this relaxation peak have been measured, Ea(P718){\thinspace}={\thinspace}2.68{\thinspace}{\textpm}{\thinspace}0.05 eV, $\tau$0{\thinspace}={\thinspace}2{\textperiodcentered}10-15 {\textpm} 1 s as well as its broadening factor $\beta${\thinspace}={\thinspace}1.1. Experiments on different alloys and the dependence of the relaxation strength on the amount of Mo attribute this relaxation to the stress-induced reorientation of Mo-Mo dipoles due to the short distance diffusion of one Mo atom by exchange with a vacancy. Then, it is concluded that Mo is the atomic species responsible for the high-temperature PLC effect in 718 superallo

Design of a Motorised Maize Sheller and Optimisation of its Operating Parameters

Maize shelling is an important post-harvest operation to separate the grains from its cob. Traditional methods involve rubbing maize cobs against each other, rubbing on stones, or hand method. These methods are labour-intensive, time-consuming, and drudgery-prone. Migration from rural population to cities for better livelihoods has creates labour shortage in rural areas during the peak period of maize shelling. A study was undertaken to design, develop, and evaluate the performance of an electric motor powered maize sheller. It consisted of a frame, feeding chute, cylinder, outer cover, rotor shaft, electric motor, belt, and outlet. The developed maize sheller was operated at three cylinder speeds (150, 200, 300 rpm) and three cob moisture contents [12, 14, 16% (w. b.)]. Highest and lowest shelling rates were 96.9 kg.h-1and 90.92 kg.h-1at cylinder speed and moisture content of 300 rpm, 12% (w. b.) and 150 rpm, 16% (w. b.). Shelling efficiency was 98.60% at 300 rpm, 12% (w. b.) and 89.00% at 150 rpm, 16% (w. b.). Grain damage was 8.37% at 300 rpm, 16% (w. b.) and 3.1% at 150 rpm, 12% (w. b.). Shelling rate and shelling efficiency decreased with increase in moisture content, but grain damage increased. Shelling rate, shelling efficiency, and grain damage also increased with increase in cylinder speed from 150 rpm to 300 rpm. Sheller cylinder speed of 150 rpm and grain moisture content of 12% (w. b.) gave the best shelling rate, shelling efficiency, and minimum grain damage of 92.07 kg.h-1, 91.40%, and 3.10 per cent. The payback period of the maize sheller was 1.13 year, while the benefit-cost ratio was 1.01

Layered double hydroxides: A review

267-272Combination of two-dimensional layered materials and intercalation technique offers a new area for developing nanohybrids with desired functionality. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are mineral and synthetic materials with positively charged brucite type layers of mixed metal hydroxides. Exchangeable anions located in interlayer spaces compensate for positive charge of brucite type layer. Since most biomolecules are negatively charged, can be incorporated between LDHs. A number of cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory agents are either carboxylic acids or carboxylic derivatives and could be ion exchanged with LDHs to have controlled release. LDHs have technological importance in catalysis, separation technology, medicalscience and nanocomposite material engineering