Importance of spatial visualization skills in Hungary and Turkey

The goal of this paper is to review research results and compare spatial abilities of prospective elementary mathematics teachers from Hungary and Turkey. The tests in a way that it contained the important components of the spatial ability (imaginary manipulation of the object, projection description and projection reading, reconstruction, transparency of the structure) were used; such as Mental Cutting Test, Purdue Spatial Visualization Test and Heinrich Spatial Visualization Test. By right of the curriculum of the two countries it can be said that for teaching the spatial geometry small time has left in both countries. The results of the survey verify that many students have problems with imagining a spatial figure and therefore to solve the spatial geometry exercises. As a future study, it is being planned to make special interactive worksheets to develop of spatial ability. Keywords: Spatial ability, Mathematics education, Spatial test

A Comparison between the Spatial Intelligence of the Freshman Engineering Students of Sharif University of Technology and Debrecen University

The goal of this paper is to compare freshman engineering students' spatial abilities (Spatial Intelligence) at two universities: Sharif University in Tehran and Debrecen University of Hungary, focusing on both their final mathematical exam performance and their gender so as to ascertain whether the students differ significantly in terms of their spatial abilities and/or their problem solving methods. The tests used to measure spatial intelligence performance and mental rotation was the Purdue Spatial Visualization Test (PSVT Branoff). The test results have been statistically evaluated and conclusions formulated. The results show that there was no significant difference between Iranian and Hungarian freshman engineering students in the performance of mental rotation tasks. However, a general gender difference in spatial ability performance was evident among the Hungarian students but not among the Iranians. The results also shed light on spatial rotation problem-solving methods that appear to be largely specific to females

A zenei élmények mint módosult tudatállapot vizsgálata és összehasonlítása a transzállapot egyéb formáival = Music experiences as an altered state of consciousness, it`s comparison with other trance states

A kutatás célja a zene illetve a ritmikus ingerlés élménymódosító hatásának vizsgálata volt. Feltételeztük, hogy bizonyos feltételek mellett a zene illetve a monoton dobolás jelentős, a módosult tudatállapotokra jellemző jellegzetes élményváltozást okoz. A kísérletekben a személyek különböző zenéket, illetve különböző ritmusú és hangerejű monoton dobolást hallgattak, egy kísérleti helyiségben ülve, becsukott szemmel. Az élményeket a Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory-val, valamint az interjúk számítógépes tartalomelemzése során nyert adatokkal mértük. A tartalomelemzéshez az Atlas.ti programot használtuk. Az eredmények azt jelzik, hogy a monoton dobolás hatására egy módosult tudati állapot jön létre. Az élményváltozások jellege és nagysága hasonló a hipnózisban megfigyelhető változásokhoz és a szuggesztiók iránti fogékonyság is hasonló mértékben nő, továbbá a tudattalan tartalmak hozzáférhetőbbé válnak. A dobolás szaporasága nem befolyásolta az élményváltozást. A hangerő hatása szignifikáns volt. Minél hangosabb volt a dobolás, annál nagyobb élményváltozást, mélyebb transzot, nagyobb tudattalan bevonódást váltott ki. Az eredmények igazolják a módosult tudati állapotokkal foglalkozó irodalomban általánosan elfogadott, de kísérletileg nem igazolt feltételezést, hogy a monoton ingerlés transzállapotot hoz létre. | The aim of the present research was to analyze the effects of music and monotonous stimulation on the subjective experiences. Our hypothesis was that in certain circumstances the music and the monotonous drumming induce special alterations in subjective experiences, which are similar to the trance states. Different music and drumming with different volume and frequency were presented to subjects, who were sitting eyes closed, alone in the experimental chamber. Subjective experiences were measured with the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory, and with the data resulted from the content analysis of the texts of the interviews with the Atlas.ti software. Results show that monotonous drumming induces an altered state of consciousness. The quality and quantity of the alterations of subjective experiences are similar to those that can be observed in the hypnotic state. The susceptibility for suggestions increases similarly further the unconscious contents became more accessible. The prolificacy of the drumming did not affect the changes of the subjective experiences. The effect of the volume was significant. The louder drumming evoked bigger changes of the subjective experiences, deeper trance and bigger unconscious involvement. Results affirm the assumption of the literature of the altered states of consciousness, that monotonous stimulation induces a trance state. This assumption has not been confirmed with experimental data until now

Engineering students’ spatial abilities in Budapest and Debrecen

The goal of this paper is to provide the level of first-year engineering students’ spatial abilities. We made our comparative survey at the Szent István University Budapest and University of Debrecen, Faculty of Engineering among first-year students of architecture. We made the survey among those students, who were successful in Descriptive Geometry I and II. We were looking for the answer for the question whether which part of the firstyear architecture students’ spatial ability and spatial geometrical knowledge is incomplete, and whether the students of two universities have sufficient differences between their spatial ability. The test results have been statistically evaluated and conclusions formulated. Keywords: Spatial ability, Descriptive Geometry education MSC: 51N0

Sustainable Development Goals In Ecovillages

In 2015 the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs ) were ratified by 195 countries. To be achieved by 2030, the goals aim to transform our world by leaving no one behind. In 2017 the Global Ecovillage Network (GEN) investigated how 30 ecovillages from 5 continents already contributed to the UN SDGs. The results were presented on the 2018 High-Level Political Forum (HLPF). Based on the GEN research outcomes, we examined 17 international Ecovillages. We aimed to understand how ecovillages relate to the UN SDG framework. The research was done with Ecovillages Around the World subject students. Before the analysis, students became acquainted with the SDGs’ targets and their implications in different communities. The research methods were web-content analysis and self-assessment from the ecovillages’ representatives, and the results were compared. The research proved that studied ecovillages already contribute to most SDGs; still, most do not know or intend to use the SDG framework. The results indicate a communication gap between the global political community and local ecovillages. Both global and local efforts aim to support sustainable development, but there could be vast differences in the interpretation of sustainability. Therefore, there is a significant need to establish communication channels and platforms to support the partnership between stakeholder groups working for sustainability at different levels.&nbsp

Sustainable development goals in ecovillages

In 2015 the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs ) were ratified by 195 countries. To be achieved by 2030, the goals aim to transform our world by leaving no one behind. In 2017 the Global Ecovillage Network (GEN) investigated how 30 ecovillages from 5 continents already contributed to the UN SDGs. The results were presented on the 2018 High-Level Political Forum (HLPF). Based on the GEN research outcomes, we examined 17 international Ecovillages. We aimed to understand how ecovillages relate to the UN SDG framework. The research was done with Ecovillages Around the World subject students. Before the analysis, students became acquainted with the SDGs’ targets and their implications in different communities. The research methods were web-content analysis and self-assessment from the ecovillages’ representatives, and the results were compared. The research proved that studied ecovillages already contribute to most SDGs; still, most do not know or intend to use the SDG framework. The results indicate a communication gap between the global political community and local ecovillages. Both global and local efforts aim to support sustainable development, but there could be vast differences in the interpretation of sustainability. Therefore, there is a significant need to establish communication channels and platforms to support the partnership between stakeholder groups working for sustainability at different levels

Nectary structure of Cotoneaster roseus

Cotoneasters are widely planted as ornamentals, which at the same time can serve as a sources of nectar for honey bees and bumble bees. The present study gives a detailed description of the nectary anatomy of Cotoneaster roseus. The floral nectary is located within the receptacle, with well distinguishable regions of the epidermis, glandular tissue and nectary parenchyma. Modified nectary stomata are at level with or below the epidermis; the glandular cells are arranged in 3 to 4 subepidermal layers; and calcium oxalate crystals are typical in the nectary parenchyma. Data are provided on the size and thickness of the nectar gland, which can be significant factors determining the nectar producing ability of the flowers