A two-component model for fitting light-curves of core-collapse supernovae

We present an improved version of a light curve model, which is able to estimate the physical properties of different types of core-collapse supernovae having double-peaked light curves, in a quick and efficient way. The model is based on a two-component configuration consisting of a dense, inner region and an extended, low-mass envelope. Using this configuration, we estimate the initial parameters of the progenitor via fitting the shape of the quasi-bolometric light curves of 10 SNe, including Type IIP and IIb events, with model light curves. In each case we compare the fitting results with available hydrodynamic calculations, and also match the derived expansion velocities with the observed ones. Furthermore, we also compare our calculations with hydrodynamic models derived by the SNEC code, and examine the uncertainties of the estimated physical parameters caused by the assumption of constant opacity and the inaccurate knowledge of the moment of explosion

How to solve the mass-discrepancy problem of SESNe -- I. Testing model approximations

Here, we present a systematic study of 59 stripped-envelope supernovae (SESNe) (including Type IIb, Ib, Ic, and transitional events) to map a possible reason for the so-called mass-discrepancy problem. In this scenario, we assume the tension between the estimated ejected masses from early- and late-time light curves (LC) is due to approximations generally used in analytical models. First, we examine the assumption that the R-band light curve is indeed a good approximation of the bolometric light curve. Next, we test the generally used assumption that rise-time to maximum brightness is equal to the effective diffusion time-scale that can be used to derive the ejecta mass from the early LC. In addition, we analyze the effect of gamma-ray and positron-leakage, which play an important role in forming the shape of the tails of SESNe, and also can be crucial to gaining the ejecta masses from the late-time LC data. Finally, we consider the effect of the different definitions of velocity that are needed for the ejecta mass calculations.Comment: Submitted to MNRA

A semi-analytical light curve model and its application to type IIP supernovae

The aim of this work is to present a semi-analytical light curve modeling code which can be used for estimating physical properties of core collapse supernovae (SNe) in a quick and efficient way. To verify our code we fit light curves of Type II SNe and compare our best parameter estimates to those from hydrodynamical calculations. For this analysis we use the quasi-bolometric light curves of five different Type IIP supernovae. In each case we get appropriate results for the initial pre-supernova parameters. We conclude that this semi-analytical light curve model is useful to get approximate physical properties of Type II SNe without using time-consuming numerical hydrodynamic simulations.Comment: accepted for publication in Astronomy \& Astrophysics; corrected Fig.2, 3,

Semi-numerical resummation of event shapes

For many event-shape observables, the most difficult part of a resummation in the Born limit is the analytical treatment of the observable's dependence on multiple emissions, which is required at single logarithmic accuracy. We present a general numerical method, suitable for a large class of event shapes, which allows the resummation specifically of these single logarithms. It is applied to the case of the thrust major and the oblateness, which have so far defied analytical resummation and to the two-jet rate in the Durham algorithm, for which only a subset of the single logs had up to now been calculated.Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures. Version 2 adds some clarifications, a reference, as well as corrections to the subleading fixed-order coefficients and to figures 4 and

Edaravone protects against methylglyoxal-induced barrier damage in human brain endothelial cells

BACKGROUND: Elevated level of reactive carbonyl species, such as methylglyoxal, triggers carbonyl stress and activates a series of inflammatory responses leading to accelerated vascular damage. Edaravone is the active substance of a Japanese medicine, which aids neurological recovery following acute brain ischemia and subsequent cerebral infarction. Our aim was to test whether edaravone can exert a protective effect on the barrier properties of human brain endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3 cell line) treated with methylglyoxal. METHODOLOGY: Cell viability was monitored in real-time by impedance-based cell electronic sensing. The barrier function of the monolayer was characterized by measurement of resistance and flux of permeability markers, and visualized by immunohistochemistry for claudin-5 and β-catenin. Cell morphology was also examined by holographic phase imaging. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Methylglyoxal exerted a time- and dose-dependent toxicity on cultured human brain endothelial cells: a concentration of 600 µM resulted in about 50% toxicity, significantly reduced the integrity and increased the permeability of the barrier. The cell morphology also changed dramatically: the area of cells decreased, their optical height significantly increased. Edaravone (3 mM) provided a complete protection against the toxic effect of methylglyoxal. Co-administration of edaravone restored cell viability, barrier integrity and functions of brain endothelial cells. Similar protection was obtained by the well-known antiglycating molecule, aminoguanidine, our reference compound. CONCLUSION: These results indicate for the first time that edaravone is protective in carbonyl stress induced barrier damage. Our data may contribute to the development of compounds to treat brain endothelial dysfunction in carbonyl stress related diseases

The Grizzly, December 5, 1986

Alleluia! Alleluia!: French Presents Handel\u27s Messiah • New Modernistic Sculpture To Arrive • Preparing For the Aggressive Couple • Editorial: Drug Testing Wrap • Letters: Ronning Still Steamed; Challenge vs. Pro-Choice; Nagy Raises More Questions on Abortion; Conrad, Get Your Labyrinth!; Women\u27s Studies Holds Various Viewpoints; Women\u27s Studies Program Defined • Ursinus Art Showcase to Grow • Faculty Fat Farm • Love Me Do to Revolution : Pat Mancuso\u27s Seen it All • Mermen Immersed In Swim Season • Bears Open Strong With 114-52 Thrashing vs. Mount St. Vincent, but Then Slump • Freshman Hacker Anything but Choppy For Men Harriers • Seesaw Beginning for Lady Bears • Another Club Cornered: Circle K Serves Community • Landis Traces Course of Adventhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1177/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 15, 1988

Greek Week\u27s Coming! • Sorority Songfest Sunday • Letters: Visser to Goofley: Kiss Dirt!; Code: Honor; Billing Miffs Student; Professor Nagy Responds to Tiryak Forum; Red Cross Congratulates UC Donators • Mid East Forum Scheduled • Take Women\u27s Studies! • 1988-89 RAs Announced • Men\u27s Track Races to 5-0 • LAX Hopes to Lift Level of Play Against West Chester • Women\u27s Outdoor Places Fourth • Baseball Hopes to Turn Season Around vs. Widener • Race-rafters Rollick • Underclassmen Pitching Power Carrying Softballers • Hallinger Takes Third • Strong Sailing for U.C. • The Grizzly\u27s Senior Sports Spotlight Salutes Kris Carr • Women Students Rule • Tommy Conwell in Concert Rumbles Ursinus • Portrait of an Artist • STAR Ambassadors Shinehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1211/thumbnail.jp

PRIM1 Deficiency Causes a Distinctive Primordial Dwarfism Syndrome

DNA replication is fundamental for cell proliferation in all organisms. Nonetheless, components of the replisome have been implicated in human disease, and here we report PRIM1 encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA primase as a novel disease gene. Using a variant classification agnostic approach, biallelic mutations in PRIM1 were identified in five individuals. PRIM1 protein levels were markedly reduced in patient cells, accompanied by replication fork asymmetry, increased interorigin distances, replication stress, and prolonged S-phase duration. Consequently, cell proliferation was markedly impaired, explaining the patients' extreme growth failure. Notably, phenotypic features distinct from those previously reported with DNA polymerase genes were evident, highlighting differing developmental requirements for this core replisome component that warrant future investigation