Peningkatan Hasil Belajar PPKn Melalui Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing Berbantuan Media Gambar Pada Murid Kelas IVA SDN Sudirman III Kota Makassar

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar PPKn menggunakan model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing berbantuan media gambarpada murid kelas IVA SDN Sudirman III Kota Makassar. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini adalah murid kelas IVA SDN Sudirman III Kota Makassar sebanyak 23 murid. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, tes (evaluasi), dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil yang dicapai secara kuantitatif yaitu: (1) Pada siklus pertama diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil belajar murid Kelas IVA SDN Sudirman III Kota Makassar yaitu 59,3 (2) Pada siklus kedua diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil belajar murid kelas IVA SDN Sudirman III Kota Makassar lebih tinggi yang mencapai 86,3. Ketuntasan belajar PPKn murid kelas IVA SDN Sudirman III Kota Makassar juga mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I, dari 9 (39,1%) murid mencapai ketuntasan belajar, sedangkan pada siklus II sebanyak 23 (100%) murid mencapai ketuntasan belajar dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal tercapai. Hal ini berarti ketuntasan belajar pada siklus II tercapai secara klasikal karena jumlah murid yang tuntas mencapai 80%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar PPKn pada murid kelas IVA SDN Sudirman III Kota Makassar dapat ditingkatkan melalui model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing berbantuan media gambar

Partisipasi Orang Tua Dalam Memotivasi Belajar Anak

Learning motivation is an important factor that must be owned by every student so that learning activities can run well and to optimize children's learning motivation it is necessary to have participation shown by parents. The purpose of this study was to describe the participation of parents in motivating children's learning at one of the first high schools or Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Aceh Besar. This research approach is quantitative with descriptive method. The population of this study was all students of one of the first high schools or Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Aceh Besar with a sample of 100 students consisting of grades VII, VIII and XI. Random sampling technique was used as a sampling method. The data collection technique used a non-test instrument in the form of a parental participation scale in motivating children's learning which was designed by the researcher based on the operational definition of the variable. The results of the study illustrate that parental participation in motivating children to learn is in the medium category with a percentage of 81%. This means that parents have participated, but only some parents have motivated their children to learn

COMPUTER AIDED ERGONOMIC ANALYSIS WORK LOAD

Ponašanje ljudskog tijela u uvjetima djelovanja vanjskih opterećenja pored većeg broja fizioloških faktora povezano je s poznavanjem promjene veličine lumbalnog momenta dijela kralježnice na segmentu L4/L5. Ova činjenica bila je razlog da se u stvarnim uvjetima rada kod ispitanika koji radi na poslovima obrade metala, uzimajući u obzir njegove antropomjere i ostale radno-okolinske čimbenike, izvrši računalom podržana ergonomska analiza radnih opterećenja. Prikupljeni podaci o ispitaniku i radno-okolinskom sustavu u kojemu ispitanik djeluje bili su ulazni podaci za softverski program CATIA V5 i njegov ergonomski modul (engl. Ergonomic Design and Analysis). Upotrebom računalnog grafičko-analitičkog CAD/CAM sustava omogućeno je kreiranje virtualnog 3D modela ispitanika i pripadajućeg radno-okolinskog sustava u svrhu analize njihova djelovanja u realnim uvjetima rada, ali i proračuna ljudskog opterećenja. Također je provedena NIOSH 1991 analiza te su dobiveni rezultati ljudskog opterećenja uspoređeni s rezultatima dobivenim na osnovi softverske analize. Na osnovi izvršene softverske i NIOSH 1991 analize utvrđen je nedovoljan utjecaj individualnih antropometrijskih oblika i dimenzija tijela, kao i pripadajućih radnih položaja ispitanika koji se ostvaruju u ergonomskom i biomehaničkom radnom djelovanju ispitanika. Na osnovi navedenog dana je preporuka za ergonomsko poboljšanje radnog položaja ispitanika te je u tom položaju izvršena softverska analiza radnih opterećenja kako bi se dobiveni rezultati usporedili s rezultatima dobivenim u nepovoljnom radnom položaju ispitanika.In addition to a number of physiological factors, the behaviour of the human body exposed to external loads is related to the changes in the size of the lumbar spine moment in the L4/L5 segment. This was the reason to study the actual working conditions of the subjects who work with metal, taking into account their anthropometric measures and work environment factors. A computer aided ergonomic analysis of the work load was carried out. The data collected on the respondents and on the environment in which they work were used as input for the software programme CATIA V5 and its ergonomic module (Ergonomic Design and Analysis). Using computer graphic-analytical CAD / CAM system allows the creation of virtual 3D models of participants and the accompanying environment in order to analyze their actions in real conditions of work and human load. Also conducted was the NIOSH 1991 analysis of the obtained results and human load was compared with results obtained from software analysis. Based on the software and NIOSH 1991 analysis, an insufficient impact of individual anthropometric dimensions and shape of the body was identified, as well as that of the corresponding working positions of the respondents assumed during work. Based on the above, recommendations were given for improving the ergonomic position of the respondents and a software analysis was carried for that position to compare the results with those obtained in the harshest working position of the subjects

Analisis Kadar Vitamin C Mangga Gadung (Mangifera SP) dan Mangga Golek (Mangifera Indica L) Berdasarkan Tingkat Kematangan dengan Menggunakan Metode Iodimetri

Mango fruits contain several nutrients which are beneficial for the improvement of people's nutrition. Vitamin C is one of which highly needed by the body and can be used as a source of antioxidants. Vitamin C level of mangoes is strongly influenced by their varieties, environments, places, fertilizers, maturity levels, and so on. Levels of vitamin C will increase until the fruit is ripe, and will decrease when the maturity level has been exceeded. This research determined the vitamin C level of gadung and golek mangoes based on the maturity levels. gadung and golek mangoes used as the samples were half-ripe, ripe, and overripe fruits. Analysis of vitamin C levels in the samples was done by iodimetry method. The results showed that the vitamin C levels of Gadung were 83.66 mg/100 g on the half-ripe fruits, 101.82 mg/100 g on the ripe fruits, and 92.85 mg/100 g on the overripe fruits. Whereas the vitamin c levels of golek were 57.72 mg/100 g on the half-ripe fruits, 79.30 mg/100 g on the ripe fruits, and 61,14 mg/100 g on the overripe fruits. The data indicate that the ripe fruits of mangoes contain the optimum level of vitamin C

The improvement of in vivo model (Balb/c mice) for cervical carcinogenesis using diethylstilbestrol (DES)

Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer and one of the major causes of female cancer-related death worldwide particularly in developing countries. Thus far, there are a few in vivo models have been developed in investigating this type of cancer. In this study, we induced cervical cancer in Balb/c mice by exploiting the carcinogenic property of diestylstilbestrol (DES). The Balb/c pregnant mice were given subcutaneous (SC) injection of 67 μg/kg body weight of DES on GD 13, and the mice gave birth approximately at gestation day 19-22. Female offspring were reared and the body weight was recorded once weekly. The female offspring were sacrificed at age of 5 months. Upon termination, blood was collected in a plain tube via cardiac puncture and the reproductive tracts were collected and weighed. The reproductive tract sections were stained using H&E for observation of pathological changes. The progression of disease state was monitored by measuring the level of serum interleukin (IL-6) using the Mouse IL-6 ELISA Assay Kit (BD OptEIA™, USA). All parameters were compared with Not-induced group. The outcome of this study demonstrated a significant difference in body weight gain, reproductive organ weight, diameter of cervix and the level of serum IL-6 in the Induced group as compared to the Not-induced group (P< 0.05). Histopathological findings revealed the presence of adenosis only in the Induced group. It shows that DES could be employed as an agent to induce cervical carcinogenesis in animal model. In addition to that, new potential anti-cancer agents from various sources could be further evaluated using this technique

Analisis Kadar Vitamin C Mangga Gadung (Mangifera sp) Dan Mangga Golek (Mangifera indica L) Berdasarkan Tingkat Kematangan Dengan Menggunakan Metode Iodimetri

Mango fruits contain several nutrients which are beneficial for the improvement of people’s nutrition. Vitamin C is one of which highly needed by the body and can be used as a source of antioxidants. Vitamin C level of mangoes is strongly influenced by their varieties, environments, places, fertilizers, maturity levels, and so on. Levels of vitamin C will increase until the fruit is ripe, and will decrease when the maturity level has been exceeded. This research determined the vitamin C level of gadung and golek mangoes based on the maturity levels. gadung and golek mangoes used as the samples were half-ripe, ripe, and overripe fruits. Analysis of vitamin C levels in the samples was done by iodimetry method. The results showed that the vitamin C levels of Gadung were 83.66 mg/100 g on the half-ripe fruits, 101.82 mg/100 g on the ripe fruits, and 92.85 mg/100 g on the overripe fruits. Whereas the vitamin c levels of golek were 57.72 mg/100 g on the half-ripe fruits, 79.30 mg/100 g on the ripe fruits, and 61,14 mg/100 g on the overripe fruits. The data indicate that the ripe fruits of mangoes contain the optimum level of vitamin C

Analisis Kadar Kalsium (Ca) dan Besi (Fe) dalam Kangkung Air (Ipomeae aquatica forsk) dan Kangkung Darat (Ipomeae reptan forsk) Asal Palu

Kangkong, or water spinach is a well-known leaf vegetable because it is delicious cheap and easily obtained. There is two types of water spinach that most consumed, water-water spinach grown in the wet and watery and land-water spinach grown in dry place or moor. Kangkong can be consumed in various type of foods, in addition, it’s also rich in vitamins, protein, carotene, amino acids, phosphorus, sitosterol and mineral materials, especially iron and calcium. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) in water-water spinach (ipomeae aquatica forsk) and land-water spinach (ipomeae reptan forsk) from palu. The research was conducted using alkaline digestion using nitric acid with the SSA instrument. The data showed that the concentration of Ca in stems and leaves of water-kangkong was 15.375 mg/kg and 12.833 mg/kg, and land–kangkong was 74.666 mg/kg and 31.000 mg/kg, while the concentration of Fe in stems and leaves of water-water spinach was 301.166 mg/kg and 232.500 mg/kg, and land-water spinach was 458.000 mg/kg and 238.750 mg/kg

Komunikasi Lintas Budaya Wisatawan Asing dan Penduduk Lokal di Bukit Lawang

Penelitian ini mengkaji komunikasi lintas budaya antara wisatawan asing dan penduduk lokal di kawasan wisata Bukit Lawang, Sumatera Utara. Sering terjadi wisaatwan asing yang awalnya hanya menetap beberapa hari, setelah pulang ke negaranya kemudian kembali lagi ke tempat ini dan menetap dalam waktu yang lama. Kehadiran wisatawan asing memberikan manfaat bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat setempat. Namun, budaya asing yang dibawa wisatawan asing terkadang menimbulkan masalah di masyarakat. Para wisatawan yang yang menetap di tempat yang baru cenderung mengalami gegar budaya atau culture shock. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan budaya, bahasa dan kebiasaan sehari-hari menjadi kendala utama dalam interaki antara warga dan wisatawan asing. Penggunaan bahasa dan komunikasi yang intensif  yang baik untuk mengatasi perbedaan budaya antara wisatawan dengan warga lokal.  

SKRINING FITOKIMIA SENYAWA FLAVONOID, ALKALOID, SAPONIN, STEROID DAN TERPENOID DARI DAUN KOPASANDA (Chromoloena odorata L.)

SKRINING FITOKIMIA SENYAWA FLAVONOID, ALKALOID, SAPONIN, STEROID DAN TERPENOID DARI DAUN KOPASANDA (Chromoloena odorata L.

Kajian Perlindungan HAM Bagi Narapidana Perempuan Pada Lembaga Pemasyarakatan di Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract: This study examines the Protection of Human Rights for Woman in Prison Inmates in South Sulawesi. The aim of this study, was to determine: 1) implementation of the human rights protection of woman prisoners in prison in South Sulawesi, 2)-the condition of woman prisoners as inmates in prison in South Sulawesi, 3) the condition of facilities and infrastructure prison, 4) enabling and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the human rights protection of woman prisoners in prison in South Sulawesi. Research location is determined by quota sampling technique. The selected location is: Prison Class IIB Makassar, woman Prison Class II A in Sungguminasa. prison Class II B in Takalar, Prison Class II B in Barru, Prison Class II B in Pare-Pare. and prison Class II B in Pinrang. Subjects in this study were 257 women prisoners. The results showed that: 1) There are seven criteria for implementation of human rights protection women prisoners has been going well, namely: a) To worship according to the religion and belief; b) physical care; c) obtain adequate medical health care; d) get decent food services; e) submit a complaint to the officer; f) obtain reading materials and follow other broadcast media; and g) are given free time receive family visits, legal counsel or other particular person. There are five criteria for implementation of human rights protection women prisoners who have not implemented weil, namely: a) education and teaching; b) the provision of assistance and psychological guidance; c) providing guidance spiritual / religious; d) get wages for the work done; and e) get a chance to assimilate including leave and visiting family. 2) physical, social, and spiritual conditions for women prisoners have been implemented well. But the psychological condition women prisoners need special attention. 3) facilities and infrastructure prison classified representative but the required storage capacity wider prisoners. 4) There are five aspects of the enabling and inhibiting implementation of human rights protection in women cnsoners, namely: a) the budget, b) human resources (personnel), c) the character of prisoners, d) facilities and infrastructure, e) concern other institutions in contributing to guidance women prisoners