Pelatihan Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer Berbahan Dasar Alkohol Hasil Redestilasi Sopi Di SMA Negeri 40 Maluku Tengah

Keberadaan tanaman mayang di daerah Maluku Tengah cukup banyak. Pada umumnya masyarakat setempat memanfaatkan tanaman mayang hanya sebagai bahan baku pembuatan minuman tradisional beralkohol yang dikenal dengan nama sopi. Alkohol yang terkandung dalam minuman sopi tersebut dapat ditingkatkan kadar alkoholnya dengan cara redestilasi, sehingga dapat dijadikan bahan baku dalam pembuatan produk hand sanitizer. Oleh karena itu tim dosen Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Pattimura melakukan pelatihan pembuatan produk hand sanitizer berbahan dasar hasil redestilasi sopi kepada para siswa dan guru di SMA Negeri 40 Maluku Tengah. Pelatihan yang telah dilakukan meliputi redestilasi sopi, dan perhitungan formula serta demo pembuatan hand sanitizer. Diharapkan kedepannya para siswa dan guru dapat membuat produk tersebut dan dapat melatih masyarakat setempat untuk turut memanfaatkan minuman sopi sebagai bahan untuk menghasilkan produk hand sanitizer yang memiliki nilai guna untuk menjaga kesehatan masyarakat

An assessment of facility-based care of diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure across western Kenya

Background: Low- and middle- income countries account for three-fourths of the global non- communicable disease related mortality. In response to the increasing number of non- communicable disease diagnoses in Kenya, the government released a national strategy for non- communicable disease in 2015. The purpose of this study was to assess facility-based care of diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure across western Kenya.Methods: A 71-question cross-sectional survey was administered among facility-based healthcare workers in Siaya County, western Kenya, between October 2015 and January 2016. All Level 4 and 5 facilities, as well as a cohort of lower-level facilities were surveyed.Results: Of the 21 health facilities surveyed, six (31.6%) had specific non-communicable disease clinics. Eleven of the 21 (52.4%) facilities had glucometers, and providers indicated that even these glucometers were often not functional. Three of the 21 facilities (14.3%) had a diabetic registry, one a functioning electrocardiogram machine, and one other a congestive heart failure registry.Conclusions: Facilities at every level were lacking equipment and medications expected by the Kenya’s Essential Package of Health Services. Improvement for follow up and referral services could be achieved through the development of comprehensive non-communicable disease registries

Ordered phase and scaling in ZnZ_n models and the three-state antiferromagnetic Potts model in three dimensions

Based on a Renormalization-Group picture of $Z_n$ symmetric models in three dimensions, we derive a scaling law for the $Z_n$ order parameter in the ordered phase. An existing Monte Carlo calculation on the three-state antiferromagnetic Potts model, which has the effective $Z_6$ symmetry, is shown to be consistent with the proposed scaling law. It strongly supports the Renormalization-Group picture that there is a single massive ordered phase, although an apparently rotationally symmetric region in the intermediate temperature was observed numerically.Comment: 5 pages in REVTEX, 2 PostScript figure

Pemanfaatan Software Kimia Komputasi Untuk Siswa SMA Negeri 2 Seram Bagian Barat

Pandemi global Covid-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia turut berdampak signifikan di bidang pendidikan. Salah satunya proses pembelajaran di tingkat SMA yang berubah dari kelas tatap muka menjadi kelas online, menyebabkan ada siswa yang kesulitan memahami pelajaran. Kurangnya pemahaman materi sebelumnya menyebabkan siswa kesulitan beradaptasi pada materi lanjutan pada saat kelas luring berlangsung, misalnya untuk pelajaran kimia. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman siswa-siswi SMA tentang kimia, dapat dilakukan melalui pendekatan kimia komputasi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan minat siswa-siswi SMA, sehingga lebih mengenal dan dapat mengoperasionalkan software kimia komputasi sebagai pembelajaran kimia yang menarik. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan praktek langsung bagi siswa-siswi. Ketua tim menyampaikan materi tentang pengantar kimia komputasi, aplikasi dan manfaat kimia komputasi dalam bidang sains, serta bagaimana pemodelan struktur molekul menggunakan program HyperChem dan Gaussian. Pada tahap praktek langsung, siswa dilatih mengoperasionalkan komputer dan memanfaatkaan software untuk mempelajari struktur molekul organik sederhana. Molekul etanol digambar oleh siswa menggunakan ChemSketch dan optimasi geometri menggunakan Hyperchem, sedangkan visualisasi molekul air menggunakan Gaussian. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian berlangsung, siswa-siswi SMA Negeri 2 Seram Bagian Barat lebih memahami konsep tentang struktur molekul dan lebih antusias ingin mempelajari kimia setelah penggunaan software kimia komputasi tersebut

Universal Magnetic Properties of La2−δSrδCuO4La_{2-\delta} Sr_{\delta} Cu O_4 at Intermediate Temperatures

We present the theory of two-dimensional, clean quantum antiferromagnets with a small, positive, zero temperature ($T$) stiffness $\rho_s$, but with the ratio $k_B T / \rho_s$ arbitrary. Universal scaling forms for the uniform susceptibility ($\chi_u$), correlation length($\xi$), and NMR relaxation rate ($1/T_1$) are proposed and computed in a $1/N$ expansion and by Mont\'{e}-Carlo simulations. For large $k_B T/\rho_s$, $\chi_u (T)/T$ and $T\xi(T)$ asymptote to universal values, while $1/T_{1}(T)$ is nearly $T$-independent. We find good quantitative agreement with experiments and some numerical studies on $La_{2-\delta} Sr_{\delta} Cu O_4$.Comment: 14 pages, REVTEX, 1 postscript figure appende

Antimicrobial activity, chemical composition and cytotoxicity of: Lentinus crinitus basidiocarp

Lentinus crinitus (L.) Fr. (Basidiomycota: Polyporales) is a wild mushroom with several biotechnological applications; however, there are few studies on its chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity of L. crinitus basidiocarp. For that, its nutritional value (AOAC procedures) and its composition in some hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds (chromatographic techniques) were assessed. Moreover, the potential hepatotoxic effects were evaluated using a primary cell culture obtained from porcine liver, and its growth inhibitory capacity was also evaluated against four human tumour cell lines (spectrophotometric assays). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by microdilution against eight bacteria and fungi. The basidiocarp has a high content of carbohydrates and, therefore, a relatively high energetic value. It is also rich in soluble sugars, β-tocopherol, phenolic acids, mainly p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and organic acids, mainly malic acid. L. crinitus did not show cytotoxicity in non-tumour cells, but it did not inhibit the growth of human tumour cell lines either. The basidiocarp has a wide antimicrobial activity, inhibiting the growth of different species of bacteria and fungi. It showed minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentration values similar to or lower than those verified by commercial antibiotics or food additives used as preservatives. The antimicrobial activity was more evident against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Penicillium ochrochloron, followed by Aspergillus ochraceus and Trichoderma viride, when compared to the controls. The results obtained in this study showed that L. crinitus basidiocarp has great potential to be used by the industry without toxicity risks.The authors thank Paranaense University, Fundação Araucária, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brazil (CAPES) -finance code 001-, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the financial support and the fellowship. The authors also thank the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020); national funding by FCT, PI, through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for L. Barros’s contract, to the project Valor Natural for the contract of F. Reis (Mobilized Project Norte-01-0247- FEDER-024479), and the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia (451-03-68/ 2020-14/200007).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Phenomenological Aspects of Heterotic Orbifold Models at One Loop

We provide a detailed study of the phenomenology of orbifold compactifications of the heterotic string within the context of supergravity effective theories. Our investigation focuses on those models where the soft Lagrangian is dominated by loop contributions to the various soft supersymmetry breaking parameters. Such models typically predict non-universal soft masses and are thus significantly different from minimal supergravity and other universal models. We consider the pattern of masses that are governed by these soft terms and investigate the implications of certain indirect constraints on supersymmetric models, such as flavor-changing neutral currents, the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and the density of thermal relic neutralinos. These string-motivated models show novel behavior that interpolates between the phenomenology of unified supergravity models and models dominated by the superconformal anomaly.Comment: 47 pages, 14 figure

Anomalous dimensions and phase transitions in superconductors

The anomalous scaling in the Ginzburg-Landau model for the superconducting phase transition is studied. It is argued that the negative sign of the $\eta$ exponent is a consequence of a special singular behavior in momentum space. The negative sign of $\eta$ comes from the divergence of the critical correlation function at finite distances. This behavior implies the existence of a Lifshitz point in the phase diagram. The anomalous scaling of the vector potential is also discussed. It is shown that the anomalous dimension of the vector potential $\eta_A=4-d$ has important consequences for the critical dynamics in superconductors. The frequency-dependent conductivity is shown to obey the scaling $\sigma(\omega)\sim\xi^{z-2}$. The prediction $z\approx 3.7$ is obtained from existing Monte Carlo data.Comment: RevTex, 20 pages, no figures; small changes; version accepted in PR