A first update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

peer reviewe

Recomendações para o registro/interpretação do mapeamento topográfico do eletrencefalograma e potenciais evocados: Parte II: Correlações clínicas

O EEG digital (DEEG) e o quantitativo (QEEG) representam métodos recém desenvolvidos na prática clínica que, além da utilidade didática e em pesquisa, também mostram importância clínica. As aplicações clínicas são enumeradas a seguir: 1. O DEEG representa um substituto estabelecido para o EEG convencional, pois acrescenta claros avanços técnicos. 2. Algumas técnicas do QEEG são consideradas estabelecidas para uso clínico como adjunto ao DEEG: 2a) detecção automática de possíveis descargas epileptiformes ou crises epilépticas em registros prolongados, facilitando o trabalho subsequente do especialista; 2b) monitoração contínua do EEG na sala cirúrgica ou na UTI, visando reduzir complicações. 3. Certas técnicas de QEEG são consideradas possíveis opções práticas como uma adição ao DEEG: 3a) análise topográfica e temporal de voltagens e dipolos de espículas na avaliação pré-cirúrgica de alguns tipos de epilepsia; 3b) análise de frequências em certos casos com doença cérebro-vascular, em quadros demenciais e em encefalopatias, principalmente quando outros testes, como os exames de imagem e o EEG convencional se mostrarem inconclusivos. 4. O QEEG permanece apenas como instrumento de pesquisa em doenças como síndrome pós-concussional, distúrbios do aprendizado, déficit de atenção, esquizofrenia, depressão, alcoolismo e dependência a drogas. O QEEG deve ser usado sempre em conjunto com o DEEG. Devido aos sérios riscos de erros de interpretação, é inaceitável o uso clínico do QEEG e de técnicas correlatas por médicos sem a adequada especialização em interpretação do EEG convencional e também nessas novas técnicas

Recomendações técnicas para o registro do eletrencefalograma (EEG) na suspeita da morte encefálica Guidelines for electroencephalogram (eeg) recording in suspected brain death

Neste trabalho, desenvolvido por uma comissão nomeada pela Sociedade Brasileira de Neurofisiologia Clínica, são apresentadas as recomendações referentes ao registro do eletrencefalograma (EEG) nos casos de suspeita de morte encefálica, enfatizando que, apesar do necessário respeito aos parâmetros técnicos, o método não visa substituir o exame neurológico, mas complementá-lo.<br>Brazilian Clinical Neurophysiology Society guidelines and pertaining comments concerning electroencephalogram (EEG) recording in suspected brain death are presented. EEG is not intended as a substitute, rather as a complement to neurologic evaluation

Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care units: analysis of the extended prevalence of infection in intensive care unit study

Item does not contain fulltextOBJECTIVES: To provide a global, up-to-date picture of the prevalence, treatment, and outcomes of Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients and compare Candida with bacterial bloodstream infection. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of the Extended Prevalence of Infection in the ICU Study (EPIC II). Demographic, physiological, infection-related and therapeutic data were collected. Patients were grouped as having Candida, Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and combined Candida/bacterial bloodstream infection. Outcome data were assessed at intensive care unit and hospital discharge. SETTING: EPIC II included 1265 intensive care units in 76 countries. PATIENTS: Patients in participating intensive care units on study day. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: Of the 14,414 patients in EPIC II, 99 patients had Candida bloodstream infections for a prevalence of 6.9 per 1000 patients. Sixty-one patients had candidemia alone and 38 patients had combined bloodstream infections. Candida albicans (n = 70) was the predominant species. Primary therapy included monotherapy with fluconazole (n = 39), caspofungin (n = 16), and a polyene-based product (n = 12). Combination therapy was infrequently used (n = 10). Compared with patients with Gram-positive (n = 420) and Gram-negative (n = 264) bloodstream infections, patients with candidemia were more likely to have solid tumors (p < .05) and appeared to have been in an intensive care unit longer (14 days [range, 5-25 days], 8 days [range, 3-20 days], and 10 days [range, 2-23 days], respectively), but this difference was not statistically significant. Severity of illness and organ dysfunction scores were similar between groups. Patients with Candida bloodstream infections, compared with patients with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bloodstream infections, had the greatest crude intensive care unit mortality rates (42.6%, 25.3%, and 29.1%, respectively) and longer intensive care unit lengths of stay (median [interquartile range]) (33 days [18-44], 20 days [9-43], and 21 days [8-46], respectively); however, these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Candidemia remains a significant problem in intensive care units patients. In the EPIC II population, Candida albicans was the most common organism and fluconazole remained the predominant antifungal agent used. Candida bloodstream infections are associated with high intensive care unit and hospital mortality rates and resource use

Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care units: analysis of the extended prevalence of infection in intensive care unit study

To provide a global, up-to-date picture of the prevalence, treatment, and outcomes of Candida bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients and compare Candida with bacterial bloodstream infection. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of the Extended Prevalence of Infection in the ICU Study (EPIC II). Demographic, physiological, infection-related and therapeutic data were collected. Patients were grouped as having Candida, Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and combined Candida/bacterial bloodstream infection. Outcome data were assessed at intensive care unit and hospital discharge. SETTING: EPIC II included 1265 intensive care units in 76 countries. PATIENTS: Patients in participating intensive care units on study day. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: Of the 14,414 patients in EPIC II, 99 patients had Candida bloodstream infections for a prevalence of 6.9 per 1000 patients. Sixty-one patients had candidemia alone and 38 patients had combined bloodstream infections. Candida albicans (n = 70) was the predominant species. Primary therapy included monotherapy with fluconazole (n = 39), caspofungin (n = 16), and a polyene-based product (n = 12). Combination therapy was infrequently used (n = 10). Compared with patients with Gram-positive (n = 420) and Gram-negative (n = 264) bloodstream infections, patients with candidemia were more likely to have solid tumors (p < .05) and appeared to have been in an intensive care unit longer (14 days [range, 5-25 days], 8 days [range, 3-20 days], and 10 days [range, 2-23 days], respectively), but this difference was not statistically significant. Severity of illness and organ dysfunction scores were similar between groups. Patients with Candida bloodstream infections, compared with patients with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bloodstream infections, had the greatest crude intensive care unit mortality rates (42.6%, 25.3%, and 29.1%, respectively) and longer intensive care unit lengths of stay (median [interquartile range]) (33 days [18-44], 20 days [9-43], and 21 days [8-46], respectively); however, these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Candidemia remains a significant problem in intensive care units patients. In the EPIC II population, Candida albicans was the most common organism and fluconazole remained the predominant antifungal agent used. Candida bloodstream infections are associated with high intensive care unit and hospital mortality rates and resource use

Agroecological transformation for sustainable food systems : Insight on France-CGIAR research

This 26th dossier d’Agropolis is devoted to research and partnerships in agroecology. The French Commission for International Agricultural Research (CRAI) and Agropolis International, on behalf of CIRAD, INRAE and IRD and in partnership with CGIAR, has produced this new issue in the ‘Les dossiers d’Agropolis international’ series devoted to agroecology. This publication has been produced within the framework of the Action Plan signed by CGIAR and the French government on February 4th 2021 to strengthen French collaboration with CGIAR, where agroecology is highlighted as one of the three key priorities (alongside climate change, nutrition and food systems)

Proceedings Of The 23Rd Paediatric Rheumatology European Society Congress: Part Two

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