Investigation of interaction between boronic acids and sugar: effect of structural change of sugars on binding affinity using steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking

Binding interactions of boronic acid derivatives viz. 2-Methylphenylboronic acid (B1) and 3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid (B2) with mono saccharides (arabinose, fructose and galactose) and disaccharides (sucrose, lactose and maltose) in aqueous condition at pH 7.4 by means of fluorescence spectroscopy is reported in the present investigation. Sugar sensing as well as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) plays a significant role in diabetes regulation. Sugar sensors mediated through enzymes have their own drawbacks, which led to encouragement to search for designing new sensors through alternate approaches. Among many, fluorescence-based sensors are drawing more attention. Boronic acid-based fluorescence sensors have the capacity to bind reversibly with diols, which makes their demand high in applications. Addition of sugar reduces fluorescence intensities. Change in intensities is associated to cleavage of intermolecular hydrogen bonding which leads in reduced stability of boronate ester. Lineweaver-Burk and Benesi-Hildebrand equation is used for analysing data. Mono sugars are estimated to have higher binding constants. Mutarotation leads to structural changes in saccharides which play a key role in binding interactions. Sugars in furanose form are found to be highly favoured for binding. Molecular docking of B1 and B2 with proteins with PDB ID: 2IPL and 2IPM being periplasmic was done with the help of Schrodinger Maestro 11.2 version. GLIDE scores terms are used for expressing binding affinity.Scopu

Comparison of non invasive ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula oxygenation in patients with covid-19: A randomized clinical study

Introduction: Non invasive ventilation (NIV) is a pressure-targeted modality and due to pressure efficacy of NIV is determined. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a non invasive ventilator which provides oxygenation with high flow and is well-tolerated assist device. There are limited studies comparing the effect of two methods of oxygen administration among covid-19 patients. Hence this study was conducted to compare the use of HFNC and NIV as first line of treatment in covid -19 patients with respiratory failure. Methods: This study was done on 82 patients diagnosed with covid-19 infection, 41 patients in NIV group and 41 patients in HFNC group. Patients with rtPCR positive in hypoxemic respiratory failure who require NIV or HFNC as first line of treatment, patients aged between 20-60 years and weighing between 40-80kgs were included in the study. Results: There was no significant difference statistically in regards to mean heart rate, mean respiratory rate, pH and PaCO2 .There was no significant statistical difference in oxygen saturation (Spo2) from admission till 48 hours in between the two groups and there was statistically significant difference from 48 hours of admission to day 6. In NIV group, 4.9% required intubation and in HFNC group 19.5% required intubation. Conclusion: Patients who are diagnosed with covid-19 and in acutehypoxemic respiratory failure can be treated either with NIV or HFNC as a first line of treatment. NIV is more effective in terms of improvement in saturation, reduced respiratory rate and decrease in ICU stay with good haemodynamic stabilty. NIV group had less intubation rate and more compliance compared to HFNC group

MACS J0553.4-3342: a young merging galaxy cluster caught through the eyes of Chandra and HST

FWN – Publicaties zonder aanstelling Universiteit Leide

Isolation and evolutionary analysis of Australasian topotype of bluetongue virus serotype 4 from India

Bluetongue (BT) is a Culicoides-borne disease caused by several serotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV). Similar to other insect-borne viral diseases, distribution of BT is limited to distribution of Culicoides species competent to transmit BTV. In the tropics, vector activity is almost year long, and hence, the disease is endemic, with the circulation of several serotypes of BTV, whereas in temperate areas, seasonal incursions of a limited number of serotypes of BTV from neighbouring tropical areas are observed. Although BTV is endemic in all the three major tropical regions (parts of Africa, America and Asia) of the world, the distribution of serotypes is not alike. Apart from serological diversity, geography-based diversity of BTV genome has been observed, and this is the basis for proposal of topotypes. However, evolution of these topotypes is not well understood. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of several BTV-4 isolates from India. These isolates are distinct from BTV-4 isolates from other geographical regions. Analysis of available BTV seg-2 sequences indicated that the Australasian BTV-4 diverged from African viruses around 3,500 years ago, whereas the American viruses diverged relatively recently (1,684 CE). Unlike Australasia and America, BTV-4 strains of the Mediterranean area evolved through several independent incursions. We speculate that independent evolution of BTV in different geographical areas over long periods of time might have led to the diversity observed in the current virus population

ANALYSIS OF THE FILAMENT-WOUND GLASSREINFORCED RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION COMPOSITE PIPES IN ANSYS

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites can be defined as a combination of fiber glass or carbon and a polymer matrix which provides reinforcement in one or more directions. Composite materials have been widely used in the ship-building, aerospace and construction industries because of their distinct advantages of low weight, high stiffness, and high strength to weight ratios. Theseproperties are due to the low weight of the epoxy core matrix and high strengths of the glass/carbon fibers. Composite pipes used in various applications are traditionally spherical in cross-section. In this study, non-conventional cross-sectioned composite pipe [i.e. rectangular cross-sections] have been proposed, fabricated, tested and analyzedbecause of their ability to be bundled without loss of space. This research essentially consisted of the following major categories which encompass

Efficiency and Performance of Inland Fish Markets in Nanded District of Maharashtra: A Supply Chain Approach

Not AvailableThe study has analysed the marketing structure and various constraints faced by the actors involved in the marketing of fishes and has suggested some measures for smooth operation and regulation of fish marketing in Nanded district of Maharashtra. The study has identified the marketing channels involved in marketing the fishes which comes from various reservoirs in the district. It is found that there are 5 channels and channel 2 (known as wholesaler channel) dispose maximum (51.12%) of fishes in the state. The constraint analysis through rank based quotient is done to analyse the various problems faced by stakeholders during marketing. RBQ analysis revealed that the storage facility, transportation and price fluctuations are the major constraint faced by all the marketers. The Nanded is the major and biggest market in the district and the fishes from all the nearby villages and blocks transports to the market. The Government should consider the challenges faced by the marketers of this region encourage fish marketing by building organized market.Not Availabl