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Not AvailableA study was conducted to identify the best cryoprotectant for the spermatozoa of the mullet, Liza parsia (Hamilton-Buchanan), during cryopreservation, based on changes in ultrastructure and motility. Various cryoprotectants alone and in combinations, at different concentrations have been tried. Morphology of spermatozoa before and after cryopreservation was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A combination of 5% DMSO and 5% glycerol in V2E extender accorded better protection than 10% DMSO alone.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe milt of goldspot mullet, Liza parsia (Hamilton-Buchanan) was diluted with four extenders containing 10% DMSO. Samples were collected at four critical steps of cryopreservation procedure. Percentage of intact spermatozoa and cryoinjuries at each step was recorded. Extender V2E in seawater base +lo% DMSO appeared to be the best cryodiluent as the sperms exhibited least structural changes during the cryopreservation protocol. Chao's extender+lO% DMSO was the next preferred cryodiluent. The suitability of various extenders that accorded protection to injuries was evaluated on the basis of electron microscopic images.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA study was conducted to identify the best cryoprotectant for the spermatozoa of the mullet, Liza parsia (Hamilton-Buchanan), during cryopreservation, based on changes in ultrastructure and motility. Various cryoprotectants alone and in combinations, at different concentrations have been tried. Morphology of spermatozoa before and after cryopreservation was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A combination of 5% DMSO and 5% glycerol in V2E extender accorded better protection than 10% DMSO alone.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA novel myxozoan parasite is identified and described from mudskipper, Boleophthalmus dussumieri, collected from a brackishwater ecosystem in Maharashtra, India. Ellipsomyxa boleophthalmi sp. nov. was found in the gallbladder of 58 of 60 fish examined (96.7%). The parasite formed disporous plasmodia that varied in size and shape, and the thin-walled, ellipsoidal and elongated myxospores measured 9.0–10.7 × 6.0–7.8 μm. The two, spherical polar capsules measured 2.7 μm in diameter and enclosed 3–4 coils of polar tubules. Histological observations of infected gallbladder revealed the attachment of disporous plasmodial stages of the parasite to the gallbladder wall with fine pseudopodia. Under the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the myxospores showed a distinct central sutural line and two distinct depressions on the opposite sides at the openings of polar capsules. SEM also revealed the engulfment of microvilli of gallbladder wall by pseudopodia of the plasmodial stages. Analysis of the partial fragment of the SSU rDNA region (1386 bp) showed less than 98% sequence similarity with the other reported Ellipsomyxa spp. In the phylogenetic tree, the present species formed as a distinct subclade within the major clade of Ellipsomyxa spp. The unique morphological and morphometric features of the myxospore, together with the molecular analysis, allowed us to conclude that the present myxozoan is a new species and is named Ellipsomyxa boleophthalmi sp. nov., after the generic name of the host. This is the first report on the occurrence of the genus Ellipsomyxa in B. dussumieri.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableParasites of the genus Perkinsus predominantly infect bivalves, and two species among them, P. olseni and P. marinus, are notifiable to OIE. P. olseni infections are known to cause extensive damage to wild as well as farmed bivalves globally with enormous implications to its fishery. Consequent to the initiation of a surveillance programme for aquatic animal diseases in India, Perkinsus infections were observed in many species of bivalves. The present paper describes P. olseni infections in the short neck yellow clam, Paphia malabarica from the southwest coast of India. Diagnosis of the parasite was carried out using Ray's Fluid Thioglycollate Medium culture, histology, in-situ hybridisation and molecular taxonomy. Pathology of infection and development of zoospores is also described. This forms the first report of a P. olseni infection in P. malabarica. High prevalence and intensity of infection of Perkinsus in clams raises concerns, as clam reserves in this geographical area sustain fisheries and the livelihoods of local fishing communitiesNot Availabl