Neogene Uplift and Magmatism of Anatolia: Insights from Drainage Analysis and Basaltic Geochemistry

It is generally agreed that mantle dynamics have played a significant role in generating and maintaining the elevated topography of Anatolia during Neogene times. However, there is much debate about the relative importance of subduction zone and asthenospheric processes. Key issues concern onset and cause of regional uplift, thickness of the lithospheric plate, and the presence or absence of temperature and/or compositional anomalies within the convecting mantle. Here, we tackle these interlinked issues by analyzing and modeling two disparate suites of observations. First, a drainage inventory of 1,844 longitudinal river profiles is assembled. This geomorphic database is inverted to calculate the variation of Neogene regional uplift through time and space by minimizing the misfit between observed and calculated river profiles subject to independent calibration. Our results suggest that regional uplift commenced in the east at 20 Ma and propagated westward. Secondly, we have assembled a database of geochemical analyses of basaltic rocks. Two different approaches have been used to quantitatively model this database with a view to determining the depth and degree of asthenospheric melting across Anatolia. Our results suggest that melting occurs at depths as shallow as 60 km in the presence of mantle potential temperatures as high as 1400°C. There is evidence that potential temperatures are higher in the east, consistent with the pattern of sub-plate shear wave velocity anomalies. Our combined results are consistent with isostatic and admittance analyses and suggest that elevated asthenospheric temperatures beneath thinned Anatolian lithosphere have played a first order role in generating and maintaining regional dynamic topography and basaltic magmatism

A prospective, randomized protocol to examine the efficacy of postinternal urethrotomy dilations for recurrent bulbomembranous urethral strictures

Objectives. The high recurrence rate is still the major complication of endoscopic treatment of urethral stricture disease. To compare the outcome of patients who underwent direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) and then followed a protocol that randomized them to either our urethral dilation protocol or consecutive DVIUs for the treatment of their urethral stricture

Is selective internal spermatic venography necessary in detecting recurrent varicocele after surgical repair?

Objectives: Surgical varicocele repair can be complicated by postoperative recurrence. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of scrotal color Doppler ultrasonography (SCDU) and selective internal spermatic venography (SISV) in detecting recurrent venous reflux after conventional varicocelectomy. Materials an

The Effects Of Trimetazidine And Sildenafil On Bilateral Cavernosal Nerve Injury Induced Oxidative Damage And Cavernosal Fibrosis In Rats

Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of sildenafil and trimetazidine on bilateral cavernosal nerve injury-induced oxidative damage and fibrotic changes in cavernosal tissue in rat model. Material and Methods. A total of 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; each group consist 8 rats (control, BCI, BCI + TMZ, and BCI + sildenafil groups). Tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PC) levels were determined biochemically and distribution of cavernosal fibrosis density among groups was performed histopathologically. Results. Tissue SOD levels in BCI group were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Tissue MDA and PC levels in BCI group were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). TMZ and sildenafil administration significantly increased tissue SOD levels (P < 0.05) and reduced tissue MDA and PC levels (P < 0.05). Histologically, the degree of cavernosal fibrosis and collagen density was higher in BCI group in comparison to control, TMZ-treated, and sildenafil-treated groups. Conclusion. BCI caused oxidative damage and increased cavernosal fibrosis in rat penis. TMZ and sildenafil treatment decreased oxidative damage and reduced the degree of fibrosis in penile tissue due to BCI

The most commonly altered type of Peyronie's disease deformity under oral colchicine treatment is lateral curvature that mostly shifts to the dorsal side

P>The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in clinical characteristics of Peyronie's disease (PD) patients under oral colchicine treatment in comparison with the initial clinical evaluation with a special emphasis on patients with altered deformity after treatment. A total of 118 patients under oral treatment with colchicine for at least 3 months in the acute phase of PD were retrospectively evaluated with combined infection and stimulation test. PD patients were followed up in four groups according to the clinical course of the deformity: improved, remained unchanged, deteriorated deformities or altered localisation of the deformity. Among 116 patients who completed the treatment, penile curvatures improved in 27.6% (n = 32), remained unchanged in 39.7% (n = 46) and deteriorated in 12.1% (n = 14) of the patients after a follow-up of 8.6 +/- 3.2 (6-17) months, while localisation of the deformities changed in 20.7% (n = 24) of the patients. In this group, the initial side of the deformities were lateral, ventral, ventrolateral in 41.6% (n = 10), 29.1% (n = 7) and 8.3% (n = 2) of the patients and of hourglass and notching type (n = 4, 16.6%) respectively. Six (60%) patients with lateral, five (71.4%) with ventral curvatures completed their follow-up period with dorsal curvatures. In conclusion, lateral curvature is the most commonly altered deformity that mostly shifts to the dorsal sise of the penis after colchicine therapy

Which method is the most reliable in determination of bladder capacity in children with idiopathic overactive bladder? A comparison of maximum voided volume, uroflowmetry and maximum cystometric capacity

Objective: To compare uroflowmetry, maximum cystometric capacity and maximum voided volume in terms of bladder capacity (BC) estimation in children with idiopathic overactive bladder