Tolerance to environmental stresses:Do fungal endophytes mediate plasticity in <i>Solanum dulcamara</i>?

Salinity imposes constraints on plant growth and development. Efforts have been made to develop salt-tolerant crops by different methods, the outcomes have not yet been sufficiently satisfactory. Plants depend on their symbiotic partners such as fungal symbionts to cope with stress conditions such as salinity. Bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara) has a wide ecological amplitude. Although S. dulcamara is becoming a model plant species, its associated fungal symbionts have hardly been studied. Here we propose that its symbiotic, endophytic fungi may be responsible for S. dulcamara's wide ecological amplitude. We examined the composition of endophytic fungal communities in S. dulcamara from contrasting habitats, i.e., dry and wet regions. We developed a method to select potential isolates based on their ability to colonize, grow and impart tolerance under stress conditions. The isolates identified from this study could potentially be used to improve crop productivity under suboptimal conditions

COVER COMPOSITION DIRECTION OF THROUGHPUT EXCELLENT MULTIPATH OCCUPATION

Using the clone identification protocol, we are designed to maximize the likelihood of clone recognition. Our aim would be to offer clone protocol recognition distributed by random selection of witnesses in order to increase the likelihood of clone’s recognition, as the negative impact of network life and the benefits of data buffer storage should be reduced. The circle structure facilitates the redistribution of energy efficiency data through the path to the witnesses and also for the sink. In theory, we show that the suggested protocol can be 100% likely to recognize clones with reliable controls. In particular, we take advantage of the sensor's location information and randomly select the witnesses located in a fake diamond setting to verify the validity of the sensors and also to report on perceived clone attacks. In addition, in many current protocol’s clones, recognize the randomized selection scheme, the buffer sensors required are usually determined by the node density. Extensive simulations show that our suggested protocol can extend the life of the network to disburse traffic load across the network effectively. The current system does not ensure that at least one witness can see who the sensor aims are to see if there is an attack clone or not. ERCD protocol performance is evaluated when it comes to the likelihood of clone’s recognition, energy use, network life and buffer capability of information. The extensive simulation results show that our ERCD suggested protocol can have a better performance in terms of the likelihood of clone recognition if the network is with reasonable storage capacity data

The impact of immediate breast reconstruction on the time to delivery of adjuvant therapy: the iBRA-2 study

Background: Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is routinely offered to improve quality-of-life for women requiring mastectomy, but there are concerns that more complex surgery may delay adjuvant oncological treatments and compromise long-term outcomes. High-quality evidence is lacking. The iBRA-2 study aimed to investigate the impact of IBR on time to adjuvant therapy. Methods: Consecutive women undergoing mastectomy ± IBR for breast cancer July–December, 2016 were included. Patient demographics, operative, oncological and complication data were collected. Time from last definitive cancer surgery to first adjuvant treatment for patients undergoing mastectomy ± IBR were compared and risk factors associated with delays explored. Results: A total of 2540 patients were recruited from 76 centres; 1008 (39.7%) underwent IBR (implant-only [n = 675, 26.6%]; pedicled flaps [n = 105,4.1%] and free-flaps [n = 228, 8.9%]). Complications requiring re-admission or re-operation were significantly more common in patients undergoing IBR than those receiving mastectomy. Adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy was required by 1235 (48.6%) patients. No clinically significant differences were seen in time to adjuvant therapy between patient groups but major complications irrespective of surgery received were significantly associated with treatment delays. Conclusions: IBR does not result in clinically significant delays to adjuvant therapy, but post-operative complications are associated with treatment delays. Strategies to minimise complications, including careful patient selection, are required to improve outcomes for patients

SURVEY PAPER BASED ON DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

The main reason for the blindness in the world is Diabetes. Diabetes is a worldwide disease, when it is not taken seriously, it results in blindness. Many efficient algorithms to detect the Diabetic Retinopathy are elaborately surveyed, i.e., identification of hemorrhage in the retina. Many algorithms are established to detect the DR. We have evaluated some of the efficient algorithm which is estimated by their working and this paper gives the detailed explanation of algorithms which works on the detection of hemorrhage. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15014

In Silico Docking Analysis of Poly Herbal Formulation Aadathodai Kudineer used in Siddha medicine in inhibiting Main Protease and ACE2 Receptor Spike protein SARS-CoV-2

Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious pandemic disease caused by the newly discovered novel corona virus. World Health Organization has declared the global health emergency due to COVID19 outbreak. Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for fighting against this infectious disease. Aadathodai Kudineer is a drug indicated for Iya Erumal, Kozhai Kattu, Kabasuram. Upon the mortality and severity of the disease COVID19, we tried to identify the possible inhibition of phytocomponents of Aadathodai Kudineer in inhibiting Main Protease and ACE2 Receptor Spike protein SARS-CoV-2 through molecular docking studies. Methodology: In Silico molecular docking analysis was performed for phytocomponents present in the Aadathodai Kudineer formulation for targets main protease and ACE2 Receptor Spike protein, PDB ID: 6LU7 and PDB ID: 2AJF using Autodock tool. ADME properties was also predicted for all the above compounds. Results: Among the 9 active Phytocompounds present in the Aadathodai Kudineer formulation, Lupeol showed high binding affinity with COVID19 main protease and ACE2 receptor which shows the promising contrivance of protease inhibition. The ADME suggested that the formulation is free from toxic. Conclusion: The phytocomponents showed possible affinity towards these targets and has the lead molecules that inhibits COVID19 main protease and ACE2 receptor.&nbsp