Factorial structure and reliability of the academic satisfaction questionnaire on Chilean medical students

Indexación: Web of Science; Scopus.El presente estudio analiza la estructura factorial y confiabilidad del cuestionario de satisfacción académica (CSA) en una muestra de 563 estudiantes de medicina, entre 19 y 29 años (media de 20,42); provenientes de cuatro universidades chilenas. Una vez finalizada la traducción al castellano se exploró la validez de contenido de los ítems mediante un juicio de expertos. La estructura factorial del cuestionario se analizó a través de un análisis factorial exploratorio empleando el método Análisis de Ejes Principales (AEP). Los resultados preliminares de la fiabilidad y validez del instrumento han mostrado que la estructura de un factor es viable y adecuada de acuerdo a los requisitos psicométricos establecidos, aunque se recomiendan futuros estudios que evalúen su validez y confiabilidad en otros programas de pregrado.The present study examines the factorial structure and reliability of the academic satisfaction questionnaire (CSA) in a sample of 563 medical students, between 19 and 29 years (average of 20.42); from four Chilean universities. Once translated into Spanish explored the validity of the items content was evaluated through experts opinions. The factorial structure of the scale was analyzed through an exploratory factor analysis using the Principal Axis Analysis method (AEP).The preliminary results of the reliability and validity of the instrument have shown that a factor structure is viable and appropriate according to the established psychometric requirements, although future studies to evaluate its validity and reliability in other undergraduate programs are recommended.http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45964543200

Brucella ceti infection in dolphins from the Western Mediterranean sea

Background: Brucella ceti infections have been increasingly reported in cetaceans. Brucellosis in these animals is associated with meningoencephalitis, abortion, discospondylitis’, subcutaneous abscesses, endometritis and other pathological conditions B. ceti infections have been frequently described in dolphins from both, the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In the Mediterranean Sea, only two reports have been made: one from the Italian Tyrrhenian Sea and the other from the Adriatic Sea. Results: We describe the clinical and pathological features of three cases of B. ceti infections in three dolphins stranded in the Mediterranean Catalonian coast. One striped dolphin had neurobrucellosis, showing lethargy, incoordination and lateral swimming due to meningoencephalitis, A B. ceti infected bottlenose dolphin had discospondylitis, and another striped dolphin did not show clinical signs or lesions related to Brucella infection. A detailed characterization of the three B. ceti isolates was performed by bacteriological, molecular, protein and fatty acid analyses. Conclusions: All the B. ceti strains originating from Mediterranean dolphins cluster together in a distinct phylogenetic clade, close to that formed by B. ceti isolates from dolphins inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean. Our study confirms the severity of pathological signs in stranded dolphins and the relevance of B. ceti as a pathogen in the Mediterranean Sea

Impacto de los procesos de acreditación: “caso faciatec-comeaa”

El estudio se condujo en Chihuahua, Chihuahua. Se diseñó un cuestionario para analizar los impactos más destacables que han tenido los procesos de acreditación en el área agropecuaria, específicamente en  la  Facultad  de  Ciencias  Agrotecnológicas,  obtenido  desde  la  percepción  de  las  personas  que lideraron o participaron en los procesos de autoevaluación y acreditación (el personal docente) aportando un grado de validez. La población de estudio fue de 10 docentes de tiempo completo y de hora clase que pertenecen a las carreras de Licenciatura en Administración Agrotecnológica, Ingeniero en Producción y Comercialización Hortícola e Ingeniero en Desarrollo Territorial

Mejoramiento de la imagen urbana en la ciudad de Chihuahua

La historia de la ciudad es la de su espacio público. Para el caso de Chihuahua la imagen urbana vincula el espacio físico–cultural para la recreación de los habitantes, proporcionando un área verde y limpia acorde a la historia e identidad de la misma. Por necesidades de la población y el uso de suelo que se le da en cuestiones jurídicas a los espacios públicos, normalmente son utilizados como estacionamientos, inclusive los baldíos son convertidos en estacionamientos donde solo se va generando una plancha de concreto que no permite una oxigenación ni un entorno agradable a la población. Como función urbanística, innovar en estos lotes que no tienen uso dentro de la ciudad y que marcan una discontinuidad a la edificación termina por ser un limitante dentro de la imagen urbana y contaminación visual. Como función ecológica se brinda una oxigenación al entorno atenuando construcciones de valor paisajístico con orden y vegetación a una ciudad con identidad tomando en cuenta el espacio a nivel peatonal es decir contemplar la edad de la población para determinar el espacio más apto, el tamaño del lote y sus colindantes para la continuidad de la fachada proporcionando el orden e imagen a una ciudad con espacio suficientes para estacionamientos, espacios verdes, áreas de recreo, áreas de descanso o la unión de estos espacios. Se considera la ciudad y su diseño a nivel peatonal, así como la escala, edades, necesidades de la población y su entorno, con la finalidad de encontrar un espacio público abierto acorde a vii estas necesidades que se presenten; dando prioridad a zonas de valor paisajístico en conjunto con el reglamento de imagen urbana y paisaje del municipio de Chihuahua. Recreación, imagen urbana, patrimonio histórico y cultural son temas primordiales de la ciudad de Chihuahua para efectos del tema de estudio, se consideraron avenidas que cruzaran por la mitad de la ciudad, ya que son vías que comunican de norte a sur a la población, así como transporte externo a la zona urbana, con la finalidad de cuantificar, medir y dimensionar los espacios, lotes o baldíos desperdiciados y en des uso dentro de la mancha urbana, dando un total de 92 zonas en diferentes colonias adjuntas a la Av. Tecnológico, Av. Carlos Pacheco, Bldv. Fuentes Mares y así como las avenidas colindantes a las principales

Does Size Matters? Relationships among Social Dominance and Some Morphometric Traits upon Out-of-Season Reproductive Outcomes in Anestrus Dairy Goats Treated with P4 + eCG

The possible role of the social rank (R) (i.e., low-LSR, middle-MSR, or high-HSR) in anestrus goats exposed to a P4 + eCG (D) (i.e., 100 or 350 IU) estrus induction protocol (EIP) was evaluated. Goats (Alpine-Saanen-Nubian × Criollo; n = 70; 25° North) managed under stall-fed conditions were all ultrasound evaluated to confirm anestrous status, while the social rank was determined 30 d prior to the EIP. The response variables included estrus induction (EI, %), duration of estrus (DUR, h), ovulation rate (OR, n), live weight (LW, kg), thoracic perimeter (TP, cm), thoracic diameter (TD, cm), body length (BL, cm), height at withers (HW, cm), beard length (BEA, cm), compactness index (COM, cm), and anamorphosis index (ANA, cm), as affected by R, D, and the R × D interaction were evaluated, while the correlation coefficients among reproductive and morphometric variables were quantified. An R × D interaction (p 0.05) with any response variable, either reproductive or morphometric. As expected, LW had high correlation coefficients (p < 0.01) with TP (0.86), TD (0.88), BL (0.82), HW (0.75), BEA (0.51), COM (0.97), and ANA (0.75). In general, the morphometric variables as a whole demonstrated important correlation coefficients among them (p < 0.01), ranging from 0.38 up to 0.84. To estimate the importance of the morphometric differences between social rank upon estrus induction, a principal component (PC) analysis was performed based on the correlation matrix derived from the corporal measurements. The PC1 and PC2 explained 70.3% and 17.6% of the morphometric variation, respectively. The PC1 was a measure of the goat size (i.e., small, medium, large) and its association with estrus occurrence was evaluated using a logistic regression model; the bigger the goat, the increased probability of being in estrus, by up to five times compared to small goats. Our results confirm that the higher social ranked, larger goats amalgamated some fundamental factors to be successful: aggressiveness, primacy to food access, augmented live weight, and corporal size; all of these were able to modulate out-of-season reproductive success in crossbred dairy goats subjected to an estrus induction protocol and managed under stall-fed conditions in Northern Mexico

Propiedades insecticidas de metabolitos secundarios de Fouquieria splendens Engelm (ocotillo)

Las reacciones químicas comunes de todos los seres vivos implican a los metabólitos primarios, sin embargo, otros compuestos se derivan de los anteriores, los metabólitos secundarios. Los usos  de  Fouquieria  splendens  Engelm  (ocotillo)  llegan  a  ser  variados,  sin  embargo,  no  se conocen  los  metabólitos  secundarios  responsables  de dicha  actividad,  por lo  que  el  primer objetivo fue determinar la actividad biológica de los extractos y fracciones. El material vegetal se colectó en el municipio de Aldama en el Estado de Chihuahua, el cual se secó y se molió, para la obtención de extractos acuosos y orgánicos, la separación de estos se realizó por medio de cromatografía líquida al vacío (VLC), cromatografía de capa fina (TLC); se realizaron estudios biodirigidos de dichos extractos y de las fracciones obtenidas contra insectos Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi, Spodoptera littoralis. El extracto metanólico de hoja presento un menor índice de asentamiento de M. persicae, menor índice de asentamiento y efecto antialimentario de R. padi, los extractos crudos no presentaron actividad antialimentaria contra S. littoralis. Las fracciones 9 y 13 (VLC) produjeron efecto antialimentario contra M. persicae, la fracción 7 (VLC) produjo efecto antialimentario y menor índice de asentamiento de M. persicae

Mitochondrial Ca2+ Overload Underlies Aβ Oligomers Neurotoxicity Providing an Unexpected Mechanism of Neuroprotection by NSAIDs

Dysregulation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis may underlie amyloid β peptide (Aβ) toxicity in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) but the mechanism is unknown. In search for this mechanism we found that Aβ1–42 oligomers, the assembly state correlating best with cognitive decline in AD, but not Aβ fibrils, induce a massive entry of Ca2+ in neurons and promote mitochondrial Ca2+ overload as shown by bioluminescence imaging of targeted aequorin in individual neurons. Aβ oligomers induce also mitochondrial permeability transition, cytochrome c release, apoptosis and cell death. Mitochondrial depolarization prevents mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, cytochrome c release and cell death. In addition, we found that a series of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including salicylate, sulindac sulfide, indomethacin, ibuprofen and R-flurbiprofen depolarize mitochondria and inhibit mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, cytochrome c release and cell death induced by Aβ oligomers. Our results indicate that i) mitochondrial Ca2+ overload underlies the neurotoxicity induced by Aβ oligomers and ii) inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ overload provides a novel mechanism of neuroprotection by NSAIDs against Aβ oligomers and AD

Addition of meloxicam to the treatment of clinical mastitis improves subsequent reproductive performance

AbstractA blinded, negative controlled, randomized intervention study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that addition of meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, to antimicrobial treatment of mild to moderate clinical mastitis would improve fertility and reduce the risk of removal from the herd. Cows (n=509) from 61 herds in 8 regions (sites) in 6 European countries were enrolled. Following herd-owner diagnosis of mild to moderate clinical mastitis within the first 120d of lactation in a single gland, the rectal temperature, milk appearance, and California Mastitis Test score were assessed. Cows were randomly assigned within each site to be treated either with meloxicam or a placebo (control). All cows were additionally treated with 1 to 4 intramammary infusions of cephalexin and kanamycin at 24-h intervals. Prior to treatment and at 14 and 21d posttreatment, milk samples were collected for bacteriology and somatic cell count. Cows were bred by artificial insemination and pregnancy status was subsequently defined. General estimating equations were used to determine the effect of treatment (meloxicam versus control) on bacteriological cure, somatic cell count, the probability of being inseminated by 21d after the voluntary waiting period, the probability of conception to first artificial insemination, the number of artificial insemination/conception, the probability of pregnancy by 120 or 200d postcalving, and the risk of removal by 300d after treatment. Cox’s proportional hazards models were used to test the effect of treatment on the calving to first insemination and calving to conception intervals. Groups did not differ in terms of age, clot score, California Mastitis Test score, rectal temperature, number of antimicrobial treatments given or bacteria present at the time of enrollment, but cows treated with meloxicam had greater days in milk at enrollment. Cows treated with meloxicam had a higher bacteriological cure proportion than those treated with the placebo [0.66 (standard error=0.04) versus 0.50 (standard error=0.06), respectively], although the proportion of glands from which no bacteria were isolated posttreatment did not differ between groups. No difference was observed in the somatic cell count between groups pre- or posttreatment. The proportion of cows that underwent artificial insemination by 21d after the voluntary waiting period was unaffected by treatment. Treatment with meloxicam was associated with a higher proportion of cows conceiving to their first artificial insemination (0.31 versus 0.21), and a higher proportion of meloxicam-treated cows were pregnant by 120d after calving (0.40 versus 0.31). The number of artificial inseminations required to achieve conception was lower in the meloxicam compared with control cows (2.43 versus 2.92). No difference was observed between groups in the proportion of cows pregnant by 200d after calving or in the proportion of cows that were culled, died, or sold by 300d after calving (17% versus 21% for meloxicam versus control, respectively). It was concluded that use of meloxicam, in conjunction with antimicrobial therapy, for mild to moderate cases of clinical mastitis, resulted in a higher probability of bacteriological cure, an increased probability of conception to first artificial insemination, fewer artificial inseminations, and a greater proportion of cows pregnant by 120d in milk

Multiplicity dependence of jet-like two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The transverse-momentum range 0.7 $< p_{\rm{T}, assoc} < p_{\rm{T}, trig} <$ 5.0 GeV/$c$ is examined, to include correlations induced by jets originating from low momen\-tum-transfer scatterings (minijets). The correlations expressed as associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range $|\eta|<0.9$. The near-side long-range pseudorapidity correlations observed in high-multiplicity p-Pb collisions are subtracted from both near-side short-range and away-side correlations in order to remove the non-jet-like components. The yields in the jet-like peaks are found to be invariant with event multiplicity with the exception of events with low multiplicity. This invariance is consistent with the particles being produced via the incoherent fragmentation of multiple parton--parton scatterings, while the yield related to the previously observed ridge structures is not jet-related. The number of uncorrelated sources of particle production is found to increase linearly with multiplicity, suggesting no saturation of the number of multi-parton interactions even in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions. Further, the number scales in the intermediate multiplicity region with the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions estimated with a Glauber Monte-Carlo simulation.Comment: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 17, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/161