870 research outputs found
The Global Threat of Counterfeit Drugs: Why Industry and Governments Must Communicate the Dangers
The production of substandard and fake drugs is a vast and underreported problem, particularly affecting poorer countries. Cockburn and colleagues argue that the pharmaceutical industry and governments must both take actio
Multi-Year Analysis of Microbial Populations in the Rochester-Lake Ontario Embayment
The composition of freshwater bacterial populations is affected by a wide variety of factors. Temperature, acidity, organic matter, and environmental pollutants like industrial chemicals and antibiotics are a few examples. The impact that bodies of freshwater have on human activity and the wider ecosystem warrants the systematic identification of microbial flora, and in particular of species known to be pathogenic in plants and animals. In order to achieve the long term goal of using satellite imagery to predict the occurrence of specific bacterial species, our team is in the process of creating a multi-location, multi-year microbial flora database for the Rochester Lake Ontario embayment and nearby bodies of water. Our collaborators at the Rochester Institute of Technology have provided us with water samples collected at these locations during the summers of 2013 and 2014. In this work we present and analyze data from said samples. Using 16S ribosomal DNA data we characterize bacterial populations, determine their geographical distribution, establish genera prevalence and discuss the presence of and investigate antibiotic resistance in several pathogenic species. The scope of our long term project and the summer of 2015- sample collection are also considered
Quantum cavitation in liquid He: dissipation effects
We have investigated the effect that dissipation may have on the cavitation
process in normal liquid He. Our results indicate that a rather small
dissipation decreases sizeably the quantum-to-thermal crossover temperature
for cavitation in normal liquid He. This is a possible explanation
why recent experiments have not yet found clear evidence of quantum cavitation
at temperatures below the predicted by calculations which neglect
dissipation.Comment: To be published in Physical Review B6
Primeiro relato da podridão da estipe da pupunheira, causada por Phytopthora palmivora, no Estado do Paraná.
Phytophthora palmivora foi isolado de plantas de pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes) com sintomas de podridão da estipe, no Paraná, em 2002. Testes de patogenicidade e o subseqüente reisolamento do fungo confirmaram a hipótese de que P. palmivora é o agente causal da podridão do estipe. Este é o primeiro relato de P. palmivora causando podridão do estipe na pupunheira no estado do Paraná
Description of Fischer Clusters Formation in Supercooled Liquids Within Framework of Continual Theory of Defects
Liquid is represented as complicated system of disclinations according to
defect description of liquids and glasses. The expressions for the linear
disclination field of an arbitrary form and energy of inter-disclination
interaction are derived in the framework of gauge theory of defects. It allows
us to describe liquid as a disordered system of topological moments and reduce
this model to the Edwards--Anderson model with large-range interaction. Within
the framework of this approach vitrifying is represented as a "hierarchical"
phase transition. The suggested model allows us to explain the process of the
Fischer clusters formation and the slow dynamics in supercooled liquids close
to the liquid--glass transition point
High-quality draft genome sequence of Rhizobium mesoamericanum strain STM6155, a Mimosa pudica microsymbiont from New Caledonia.
Rhizobium mesoamericanum STM6155 (INSCD?=?ATYY01000000) is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as an effective nitrogen fixing microsymbiont of the legume Mimosa pudica L.. STM6155 was isolated in 2009 from a nodule of the trap host M. pudica grown in nickel-rich soil collected near Mont Dore, New Caledonia. R. mesoamericanum STM6155 was selected as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Genomic Encyclopedia for Bacteria and Archaea-Root Nodule Bacteria (GEBA-RNB) genome sequencing project. Here we describe the symbiotic properties of R. mesoamericanum STM6155, together with its genome sequence information and annotation. The 6,927,906 bp high-quality draft genome is arranged into 147 scaffolds of 152 contigs containing 6855 protein-coding genes and 71 RNA-only encoding genes. Strain STM6155 forms an ANI clique (ID 2435) with the sequenced R. mesoamericanum strain STM3625, and the nodulation genes are highly conserved in these strains and the type strain of Rhizobium grahamii CCGE501(T). Within the STM6155 genome, we have identified a chr chromate efflux gene cluster of six genes arranged into two putative operons and we postulate that this cluster is important for the survival of STM6155 in ultramafic soils containing high concentrations of chromate
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Importance of Sustainable Operations in Food Loss - Evidence from the Belgian food processing industry
Dynamic Modulation of Local Population Activity by Rhythm Phase in Human Occipital Cortex During a Visual Search Task
Brain rhythms are more than just passive phenomena in visual cortex. For the first time, we show that the physiology underlying brain rhythms actively suppresses and releases cortical areas on a second-to-second basis during visual processing. Furthermore, their influence is specific at the scale of individual gyri. We quantified the interaction between broadband spectral change and brain rhythms on a second-to-second basis in electrocorticographic (ECoG) measurement of brain surface potentials in five human subjects during a visual search task. Comparison of visual search epochs with a blank screen baseline revealed changes in the raw potential, the amplitude of rhythmic activity, and in the decoupled broadband spectral amplitude. We present new methods to characterize the intensity and preferred phase of coupling between broadband power and band-limited rhythms, and to estimate the magnitude of rhythm-to-broadband modulation on a trial-by-trial basis. These tools revealed numerous coupling motifs between the phase of low-frequency (δ, θ, α, β, and γ band) rhythms and the amplitude of broadband spectral change. In the θ and β ranges, the coupling of phase to broadband change is dynamic during visual processing, decreasing in some occipital areas and increasing in others, in a gyrally specific pattern. Finally, we demonstrate that the rhythms interact with one another across frequency ranges, and across cortical sites
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