Early Detection of Wild Rocket Tracheofusariosis Using Hyperspectral Image-Based Machine Learning

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani is responsible for wilting wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L. [D.C.]). A machine learning model based on hyperspectral data was constructed to monitor disease progression. Thus, pathogenesis after artificial inoculation was monitored over a 15-day period by symptom assessment, qPCR pathogen quantification, and hyperspectral imaging. The host colonization by a pathogen evolved accordingly with symptoms as confirmed by qPCR. Spectral data showed differences as early as 5-day post infection and 12 hypespectral vegetation indices were selected to follow disease development. The hyperspectral dataset was used to feed the XGBoost machine learning algorithm with the aim of developing a model that discriminates between healthy and infected plants during the time. The multiple cross-prediction strategy of the pixel-level models was able to detect hyperspectral disease profiles with an average accuracy of 0.8. For healthy pixel detection, the mean Precision value was 0.78, the Recall was 0.88, and the F1 Score was 0.82. For infected pixel detection, the average evaluation metrics were Precision: 0.73, Recall: 0.57, and F1 Score: 0.63. Machine learning paves the way for automatic early detection of infected plants, even a few days after infection

Pengaruh Foto dan Lukisan pada Buklet terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Petani Padi Sawah Tentang Pupuk Organik di Desa Lagan Ulu

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gambar foto dan gambar garis pada buklet terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan petani padi sawah tentang pupuk organik yaang dilaksanakan di Desa Lagan Ulu Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah gambar foto dan gambar garis pada buklet yang menghasilkan sebuah pengaruh pada peningkatan pengetahuan petani padi sawah tentang pupuk organik. petani responden ada 48 yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Responden di bagi dalam 4 kelompok, setiap kelompok terdiri dari 12 oran. Kelompok yang pertama di berikan gambar foto, yang ke dua di berikan gambar garis ( lukisan ), yang ke tiga diberikan gambar foto dan yang ke empat diberikan gambar garis. Analisis data yaitu dengan mengunakan analisis sidik ragam. Hasil peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pupuk organik yaitu sangat nyata Fhitung>Ftabel yakni; 5,44>2,44. Artinya gambar foto dan gambar garis dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan pengetahuan petani padi

Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Sepihak antara PT. Inecda Kebun Seberida dengan Tenaga Kerja Berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan

Termination of Employment for workers is a beginning of unemployment for workers with all its consequences. That's why the termination of employment often led to disputes between the companies with a workforce that industrial relations disputes. If the layoffs, the implementation must be in accordance with the provisions of the applicable law, the violation occurred at the PT. Inecda Gardens district Seberida Inhu, Rengat. Industrial disputes between workers and employers is due, the implementation of the termination of employment by the employer is not accompanied by the applicable law by conducting summary dismissal, the workers through the labor court, demanding that PT.Inecda rehire workers in the enterprise.Problem formulation in this research is how the mechanism of termination of employment between PT. Inecda with labor ?. Whether termination is incompatible with applicable laws ?. Is the legal remedy that can be done against arbitrary termination? The benefits of the berry research is the first to use theoretical benefit is as a support in pembendaharaan law science especially in employment law and as consideration for the next study, both practical benefits PT.Inecda as information and reference materials, labor better know their rights and responsibilities, and the public to know more information about the labor problems and.Based on the research results, it be concluded that termination of employment that do not comply with this PT.Inecda termination mechanisms that exist in the company's own rules and not in accordance with the provisions of Article 151 and Article 161 of Law Number 13 Year 2003 on Employment and also Act No. 2 of 2004 concerning Industrial Relations Dispute Resolution. Efforts made in the completion of termination of employment is subject to keputuan properly, which is in essence the termination of employment, termination of employment can not be done without the approval of a court settlement of industrial relations and without the consent of both parties. Thus settlement through the industrial relations court authorized to hear and give the verdict against industrial disputes

Integration of Phase Change Material in the Design of Solar Concentrator-Based Water Heating System.

Indonesia has been blessed with excellent solar heat distribution, which can be used as renewable energy to heat water. Various technologies have been developed to utilize these inexhaustible thermodynamic resources, in the form of photons arrays, converted into concentrated heat for daily use, i.e., solar water heater. This renewable-based water heating system can provide significant energy efficiency, benefit the environment, and reduce energy use costs. This experimental study attempts to harvest the energy from the sun using a cylindrical through collector (CTC) type solar concentrator. The CTC was made of the solar reflective film (SRF) affixed to concentrator collector surfaces which was then mounted on an adjustable angle frame of the concentrator collector support. The heat generated from the concentrator was stored in water, and phase change material is embedded in the system to retain the heat longer. The research was carried out in Langsa City, Aceh, Indonesia. The results showed that water heaters using CTC systems could produce 16 L of hot water retained at 40-60 °C for four hours. With the addition of beeswax, the water temperature of the same capacity can be maintained at 40-60 °C for around 5 h. This technology demonstrated an excellent result that produces as much as 60 L of water per day, increasing solar thermal energy efficiency. This technology presented a great potential for replication or even for further development on an industrial scale

PENGARUH MEDIA IKLAN TELEVISI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK KARTU AS DI GraPARI TELKOMSEL BANDA-BANDUNG

ABSTRACT OKTAVIANA BRN PANE, 2013, Pengaruh Iklan Televisi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Kartu AS Di GraPARI Telkomsel Banda (di bawah bimbingan Bapak Agus Maolana Hidayat S.E, M.Si). Telkomsel merupakan operator telekomunikasi seluler GSM di Indonesia, dengan layanan pascabayar yang memiliki produk simPATI (prabayar), Kartu AS (prabayar), serta kartuHALO (pascabayar).Adapun fenomena yang terjadi bahwa iklan Kartu AS memiliki slogan yang menyindir provider XL karena model iklan kartu AS adalah model dari iklan XL yaitu Sule. Maka penelitian yang berjudul Pengaruh Iklan Televisi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Kartu ASdi GraPARI Banda bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh iklan televisi terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen pada kartu AS. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pelanggan kartu AS GraPARI Banda diambil sampel 100 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan convenience sampling. Dasar teori yang digunakan adalah periklanan dan keputusan pembelian dengan menggunakan alat analisis Uji Reliabilitas, Uji Validitas, Importance Performance Analysis, dan Regresi Linier Sederhana. Diketahui bahwa fungsi regresi linier sederhananya adalah Y= 16,646 + 0,564 X. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh dengan nilai R² (R square) sebesar 0,164 maka pengaruh perubahan variabel iklan televisi terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian konsumen sebesar 16,4%. Sisanya 83,6% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Berdasarkan tabel koefisien dapat disimpulkan bahwa H1 diterima yaitu iklan televisi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. ABSTRACT:Telkomsel constitute operator cellular telecommunications GSM in Indonesian, with service postpaid who has a product simPATI (prepaid), Kartu AS (prepaid), as well as the kartuHALO (postpaid). As for the phenomenon who happens that the advertisement Kartu AS has a slogan who quip provider XL because models advertisement Kartu AS is the model of of advertisement XL namely Sule, The study, entitled Influence Purchasing Decisions Television Ads Against Kartu AS ProductsinGraPARIBanda aimstodetermine how much influence television advertisingon consumer purchasing decisions Kartu AS inGraPARI Telkomsel Banda. The population inthis study are allKartu AS customersGraPARIBandasampled100 peoplewiththe sampling technique using convenience sampling. Basic theory used is advertising and purchasing decisions using analytical tools Test Reliability, Validity, Importance Performance AnalysisandSimple Linear Regression. It is knownthat the simple linear regression function is Y=16.646+0.564X. Analysis results obtained with the value of R²(R square) of 0.164then the effect of changes in television advertising variable to variable consumer purchase decisionsof 16.4%. The remaining 83.6% is influenced by other factors. Based onthe coefficient tableit can be concluded that His accepted that television advertising significantly influenc epurchasing decisions

SCREENING TOMATO GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE DIVERSITY FOR ASSOCIATION TO DROUGHT STRESS

Environmental stresses are one of the main challenges in agriculture, as they significantly limit crop productivity. As a result of global warming and climate change, extreme environmental events and abiotic stresses are expected to increase in intensity and frequency. Selecting tolerant plants for more resilient agro-ecosystems is a promising strategy for mitigating the effects of adverse environments. The cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) has a narrow genetic base, and its reduced genetic diversity hampers the progress of breeding. However, the rediscovery and use of local and wild genetic resources allow useful/beneficial alleles to be identified and used in breeding programs. To improve adaptation to harmful conditions, plants have evolved many molecular and genetics mechanisms, including hormone regulation and the activation of specific gene networks. Among others, glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes have been identified in various plant species and found to be involved in different physiological, developmental and stress modulation pathways. The aim of this research is to add insights into the role of tomato GST genes in the plant response to stress by associating allele diversity with drought tolerance. Tomato GST sequences were characterized in silico showing their diffuse clustering pattern across chromosomes with TAU class GSTs duplicated in tandem and mostly aggregated on chromosomes 7 and 9. To characterize the diversity of selected GSTs, a core collection of 75 tomato accessions was selected based on microsatellite screening from a larger collection of worldwide accessions. The core collection was screened for drought tolerance when 50% of plants showed fruit set on the lower flower truss. At this stage, two different water treatments were applied consisting in the complete restitution of the water lost due to evapo-transpiration (Full Water Restitution FWR) and the restitution of 50% of the water lost (Half Water Restitution HWR). After seven days the plants showed visible sign of drought and the leaves were analyzed for gas exchange and colorimetric variations. A gas exchange analyzer (Licor 6400) was used to measure the assimilation rate of foliar CO2 (µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and transpiration (mmol H2O m-2 s-1). The colorimetric analysis was carried out with a portable Chroma Meters (Minolta). The eco-physiological data showed a continuous variability of the response to drought throughout the collection and allowed to identify eight tomato accessions combining a lower reduction in CO2 assimilation, transpiration and water use efficiency and higher stability in leaf temperatures and colorimetric variations when challenged with HWR. Enriched libraries for GST loci were prepared based on the specific hybridization of short oligonucleotide primers (20-25 bases). Libraries will be sequenced using next/third generation sequencing technology (Illumina or PacBio). Mapped variants and haplotypes in the GST loci will be integrated with drought tolerant traits and used to identify associations with tolerant phenotypes to additional environmental stresses

Bifidobacteria Strain Typing by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, a technology traditionally used in chemistry to determine the molecular composition of a wide range of sample types, has gained growing interest in microbial typing. It is based on the different vibrational modes of the covalent bonds between atoms of a given sample, as bacterial cells, induced by the absorption of infrared radiation. This technique has been largely used for the study of pathogenic species, especially in the clinical field, and has been proposed also for the typing at different subspecies levels. The high throughput, speed, low cost, and simplicity make FTIR spectroscopy an attractive technique also for industrial applications, in particular, for probiotics. The aim of this study was to compare FTIR spectroscopy with established genotyping methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST), in order to highlight the FTIR spectroscopy potential discriminatory power at strain level. Our study focused on bifidobacteria, an important group of intestinal commensals generally recognized as probiotics. For their properties in promoting and maintaining health, bifidobacteria are largely marketed by the pharmaceutical, food, and dairy industries. Strains belonging to Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis were taken into consideration together with some additional type strains. For B. longum subsp. longum, it was possible to discriminate the strains with all the methods used. Although two isolates were shown to be strictly phylogenetically related, constituting a unique cluster, based on PFGE, WGS, and MLST, no clustering was observed with FTIR. For B. animalis subsp. lactis group, PFGE, WGS, and MLST were non-discriminatory, and only one strain was easily distinguished. On the other hand, FTIR discriminated all the isolates one by one, and no clustering was observed. According to these results, FTIR analysis is not only equivalent to PFGE, WGS, and MLST, but also for some strains, in particular, for B. animalis subsp. lactis group, more informative, being able to differentiate strains not discernible with the other two methods based on phenotypic variations likely deriving from certain genetic changes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has highlighted the possibility of using the cell surface as a kind of barcode making tracing strains possible, representing an important aspect in probiotic applications. Furthermore, this work constitutes the first investigation on bifidobacterial strain typing using FTIR spectroscopy

Quantitative determination of free D-Asp, L-Asp and N-methyl-D-aspartate in mouse brain tissues by chiral separation and Multiple Reaction Monitoring tandem mass spectrometry

Several studies have suggested that free D-Asp has a crucial role in N-methyl D-Asp receptor-mediated neurotransmission playing very important functions in physiological and pathological processes. This paper describes the development of an analytical procedure for the direct and simultaneous determination of free D-Asp, L-Asp and N-methyl D-Asp in specimens of different mouse brain tissues using chiral LC-MS/MS in Multiple Reaction Monitoring scan mode. After comparing three procedures and different buffers and extraction solvents, a simple preparation procedure was selected the analytes of extraction. The method was validated by analyzing L-Asp, D-Asp and N-methyl D-Asp recovery at different spiked concentrations (50, 100 and 200 pg/μl) yielding satisfactory recoveries (75-110%), and good repeatability. Limits of detection (LOD) resulted to be 0.52 pg/μl for D-Asp, 0.46 pg/μl for L-Asp and 0.54 pg/μl for NMDA, respectively. Limits of quantification (LOQ) were 1.57 pg/μl for D-Asp, 1.41 pg/μl for L-Asp and 1.64 pg/μl for NMDA, respectively. Different concentration levels were used for constructing the calibration curves which showed good linearity. The validated method was then successfully applied to the simultaneous detection of D-Asp, L-Asp and NMDA in mouse brain tissues. The concurrent, sensitive, fast, and reproducible measurement of these metabolites in brain tissues will be useful to correlate the amount of free D-Asp with relevant neurological processes, making the LC-MS/MS MRM method well suited, not only for research work but also for clinical analyses