Generalized product of fuzzy subgroups and t-level subgroups

Ray (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 105(1999)181-183) studied some results of the product of two fuzzy subsets and fuzzy subgroups. In this paper, Ray\u27s results will be generalized. Furthermore, we define a t-level subset and t-level subgroups, and then we study some of their properties

Peritoneal mesothelioma: Contribution of computerized tomography and magnetic

Objective: In this article, we review radiologic findingsof malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with our patientarchives. We also want to determine importance of radiologicfindings about differential diagnosis of malignantperitoneal mesothelioma.Materials and methods: We scanned our patient archiveof mesothelioma between 2008 and 2012 years. We included15 patients with peritoneal mesothelioma whounderwent computerized tomography (CT) or magneticresonance imaging (MRI) at their initial diagnosis.Results: We found peritoneal irregularity and nodularthickening in 11 patients (73.3%), diffuse peritoneal thickening(omental cake) in 5 patients (33.3%), ascites in 9patients (60%), extension of adjunct tissue and hepaticmetastases in only one patient (6.6%).Conclusion: The diagnosis of peritoenal malignant mesotheliomamay be difficult with only clinical findings. CTand MRI are helpful to diagnose and show spread of disease,but tissue biopsy is required for the definitive diagnosis.Key words: Magnetic resonance imaging, mesothelioma,peritoneum, diagnosi

Immunohistochemical evaluation of iron accumulation in term placenta of preeclamptic patients

Preeclampsia is a disease which involves hypertension and multisystem, it effects approximately 2 to 8% of all pregnancies and is a significant cause of maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity. It develops in the placenta and its pathogenesis is associated with placental abnormalities. Classical immunohistochemical studies on placenta have shown that there is a linear increase in iron storage in the placenta in the first half of a normal pregnancy, however, these stocks are decreased in normal 3rd trimester placenta. Iron accumulation in term placentas of preeclamptic and normal pregnancies were evaluated in this study. Ferritin immunostaining was observed to be more intense in preeclamptic group than in the control group, especially in Hofbauer cells, subtrophoblastic areas of stem villous, perivasculer stroma and villous stroma. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS software. Mann Whitney U test was used in the analysis and P values below 0.05 were statistically significant. In this study, iron accumulations in normotensif and preeclamptic placentas werecompared.Key words: Preeclampsia, placenta, immunohistochemistry, iron accumulation

Using Generalizability Theory to Assess the Score Reliability of Communication Skills of Dentistry Students

The goal of this study is to determine the reliability of the performance points of dentistry students regarding communication skills and to examine the scoring reliability by generalizability theory in balanced random and fixed facet (mixed design) data, considering also the interactions of student, rater and duty. The study group of the research consists of the 16 dentistry students who took communication skills elective course in Hacettepe University in 2014-2015 academic year. In the study, the variability sources are taken as student (s), rater (r), occupation (o) and task (t). 16 students are assigned with 16 different duties and whether the students fulfill the duties is rated by 8 raters from two different occupation groups, 4 standard patients and 4 academicians. On these facets using different designs G study has been performed. Within the scope of this study the sxrxt design where all variability sources are crossed; sx(o:r)xt design where the occupation nested on rater as the result of scoring of the students by two different occupation groups as standard patient and academicians; sxaxt and sxspxt facets where rater facet is taken as fixed facet according to occupation groups (sp: Standard Patient, a: Academician) were examined. For each design estimated variance components are discussed separately

Matrix design of a novel ductile cast iron modified by W and Al: A comparison between thermodynamic modeling and experimental data

In high-temperature applications of ferrous materials, as in the case of exhaust manifolds, high thermal and mechanical stability are required. Stainless steels and Ni-resist alloys having austenitic matrices are good candidates to meet these requirements at elevated temperatures; however, they are expensive materials and present difficulties in casting. Ferritic ductile cast irons, like the commercial SiMo alloy, are comparatively cheaper materials with better castability but they cannot be used above approximately 800 °C. Thus, to meet the requirements with low-cost materials having improved high-temperature properties, new alloys must be developed by ferrite forming elements having the potential to increase equilibrium temperature. In this study, initially, a novel ductile cast iron matrix was designed using 1 W and 0-4 Al wt.-% and their phases stable at room temperature, transformation temperatures, solidification sequences and thermal expansivity values were determined using thermodynamic calculations with Thermo-Calc software. Computational studies revealed that (i) designed alloy matrices had graphite and M6C type carbides embedded in a ferritic matrix at room temperature as expected, (ii) A1 temperature increased as aluminum content increased. The obtained values were all above that of commercial SiMo alloy, (iii) the detrimental effect of increased aluminum addition on graphite content, and thermal expansivity was observed. Secondly, microstructural and thermal characterizations of cast alloys were performed for validation - the obtained data were in good agreement with the thermodynamic calculations

Perspective of turkish medicine students on cancer, cancer treatments, palliative care, and oncologists (ares study): A study of the palliative care working committee of the turkish oncology group (TOG)

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death all over the World (Rahib et al. in Cancer Res 74(11):2913–2921, 2014; Silbermann et al. in Ann Oncol 23(Suppl 3):iii15–iii28, 2012). It is crucial to diagnose this disease early by effective screening methods and also it is very important to acknowledge the community on various aspects of this disease such as the treatment methods and palliative care. Not only the oncologists but every medical doctor should be educated well in dealing with cancer patients. Previous studies suggested various opinions on the level of oncology education in medical schools (Pavlidis et al. in Ann Oncol 16(5):840–841, 2005). In this study, the perspectives of medical students on cancer, its treatment, palliative care, and the oncologists were analyzed in relation to their educational status. A multicenter survey analysis was performed on a total of 4224 medical school students that accepted to enter this study in Turkey. After the questions about the demographical characteristics of the students, their perspectives on the definition, diagnosis, screening, and treatment methods of cancer and their way of understanding metastatic disease as well as palliative care were analyzed. The questionnaire includes questions with answers and a scoring system of Likert type 5 (absolutely disagree = 1, completely agree = 5). In the last part of the questionnaire, there were some words to detect what the words “cancer” and “oncologist” meant for the students. The participant students were analyzed in two study groups; “group 1” (n = 1.255) were phases I and II students that had never attended an oncology lesson, and “group 2” (n = 2.969) were phases III to VI students that had attended oncology lessons in the medical school. SPSS v17 was used for the database and statistical analyses. A value of p < 0.05 was noted as statistically significant. Group 1 defined cancer as a contagious disease (p = 0.00025), they believed that early diagnosis was never possible (p = 0.042), all people with a diagnosis of cancer would certainly die (p = 0.044), and chemotherapy was not successful in a metastatic disease (p = 0.003) as compared to group 2. The rate of the students that believed gastric cancer screening was a part of the national screening policy was significantly more in group 1 than in group 2 (p = 0.00014). Group 2 had a higher anxiety level for themselves or their family members to become a cancer patient. Most of the students in both groups defined medical oncologists as warriors (57% in group 1 and 40% in group 2; p = 0.097), and cancer was reminding them of “death” (54% in group 1 and 48% in group 2; p = 0.102). This study suggested that oncology education was useful for the students’ understanding of cancer and related issues; however, the level of oncology education should be improved in medical schools in Turkey. This would be helpful for medical doctors to cope with many aspects of cancer as a major health care problem in this country. © 2018, American Association for Cancer Education

Exact solution of Schrodinger equation for Pseudoharmonic potential

Exact solution of Schrodinger equation for the pseudoharmonic potential is obtained for an arbitrary angular momentum. The energy eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions are calculated by Nikiforov-Uvarov method. Wavefunctions are expressed in terms of Jacobi polynomials. The energy eigenvalues are calculated numerically for some values of l and n with n<5 for some diatomic molecules.Comment: 10 page

Seismic performance evaluation of traditional timber Hımış frames: capacity spectrum method based assessment

Timber constructions have been widely suggested to be seismically resistant based on post-disaster reconnaissance studies. This observation has, however, remained to a large extent anecdotal due to the lack of experimental work supporting it, especially for certain timber architectural forms, including traditional timber frame “hımış” structures. To fill this gap, the authors carried out an extensive full-scale testing scheme using frames of various geometrical configurations, tested under reverse-cyclic lateral loading with/without infill (brick and adobe) or cladding (bağdadi and şamdolma) (Aktas et al. in Earthq Spectra 30(4):1711–1732, 2014a, b). The tests concluded that hımış frames had high energy dissipation capabilities due mostly to nailed connections. Infill/cladding significantly helped improve stiffness and lateral load strength of the frames, and timber type did not seem to make a remarkable impact on the overall behaviour. The current paper, on the other hand, uses test data to calculate capacity/demand ratios based on capacity spectrum method and Eurocode 8 to elaborate more on the performance of “hımış” structures under seismic loading. The obtained results are discussed to draw important conclusions with regards to how frame geometry and infill/cladding techniques affect the overall performance