1,197 research outputs found
Discriminative learning of Bayesian networks via factorized conditional log-likelihood
We propose an efficient and parameter-free scoring criterion, the factorized conditional log-likelihood (ËfCLL), for learning Bayesian network classifiers. The proposed score is an approximation of the conditional log-likelihood criterion. The approximation is devised in order to guarantee decomposability over the network structure, as well as efficient estimation of the optimal parameters, achieving the same time and space complexity as the traditional log-likelihood scoring criterion. The resulting criterion has an information-theoretic interpretation based on interaction information, which exhibits its discriminative nature. To evaluate the performance of the proposed criterion, we present an empirical comparison with state-of-the-art classifiers. Results on a large suite of benchmark data sets from the UCI repository show that ËfCLL-trained classifiers achieve at least as good accuracy as the best compared classifiers, using significantly less computational resources.Peer reviewe
Scribble and alpha-Catenin cooperatively regulate epithelial homeostasis and growth
Epithelial homeostasis is an emergent property of both physical and biochemical signals emanating from neighboring cells and across tissue. A recent study reveals that Scribble, an apico-basal polarity determinant, cooperates with alpha-Catenin, an adherens junction component, to regulate tissue homeostasis in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc. However, it remains to be addressed whether similar mechanisms are utilized in vertebrates. In this study, we first address how alpha-Catenin cooperates with Scribble to regulate epithelial homeostasis and growth in mammalian cells. Our data show that alpha-Catenin and Scribble interact physically in mammalian cells. We then found that both alpha-Catenin and Scribble are required for regulating nuclear translocation of YAP, an effector of the Hippo signaling pathway. Furthermore, ectopic Scribble suffices to suppress YAP in an alpha-Catenin-dependent manner. Then, to test our hypothesis that Scribble amounts impact epithelial growth, we use the Drosophila wing imaginal disc. We show that Scribble expression is complementary to Yorkie signal, the Drosophila ortholog of YAP. Ectopic expression of full-length Scribble or Scribble Leucine Rich Region (LRR):alpha-Catenin chimera sufficiently down-regulates Yorkie signal, leading to smaller wing size. Moreover, Scribble LRR:alpha-Catenin chimera rescues scribble mutant clones in the wing imaginal disc to maintain tissue homeostasis. Taken together, our studies suggest that the association of cell polarity component Scribble with alpha-Catenin plays a conserved role in epithelial homeostasis and growth.Peer reviewe
Search for heavy resonances decaying to Z(ÎœÂŻÎœ)V(qÂŻqâČ) in proton-proton collisions at âs=13ââTeV
Publisher Copyright: © 2022 CERN.A search is presented for heavy bosons decaying to Z(ÎœÂŻÎœ)V(qÂŻqâČ), where V can be a W or a Z boson. A sample of proton-proton collision data at âs=13ââTeV was collected by the CMS experiment during 2016â2018. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137ââfbâ1. The event categorization is based on the presence of high-momentum jets in the forward region to identify production through weak vector boson fusion. Additional categorization uses jet substructure techniques and the presence of large missing transverse momentum to identify W and Z bosons decaying to quarks and neutrinos, respectively. The dominant standard model backgrounds are estimated using data taken from control regions. The results are interpreted in terms of radion, WâČ boson, and graviton models, under the assumption that these bosons are produced via gluon-gluon fusion, DrellâYan, or weak vector boson fusion processes. No evidence is found for physics beyond the standard model. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on various types of hypothetical new bosons. Observed (expected) exclusion limits on the masses of these bosons range from 1.2 to 4.0 (1.1 to 3.7) TeV.Peer reviewe
Search for new particles in an extended Higgs sector with four b quarks in the final state at s=13TeV
Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)A search for a massive resonance X decaying to a pair of spin-0 bosons Ï that themselves decay to pairs of bottom quarks, is presented. The analysis is restricted to the mass ranges mÏ from 25 to 100 GeV and mX from 1 to 3 TeV. For these mass ranges, the decay products of each Ï boson are expected to merge into a single large-radius jet. Jet substructure and flavor identification techniques are used to identify these jets. The search is based on CERN LHC proton-proton collision data at s=13TeV, collected with the CMS detector in 2016â2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fbâ1. Model-specific limits, where the two new particles arise from an extended Higgs sector, are set on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction for XâÏÏâ(bbâŸ)(bbâŸ) as a function of the resonances' masses, where both the XâÏÏ and Ïâbb⟠branching fractions are assumed to be 100%. These limits are the first of their kind on this process, ranging between 30 and 1 fb at 95% confidence level for the considered mass ranges.Peer reviewe
Negotiating care in the context of Finnish and Italian elder care policies
Negotiation is an integral part of all elder care, which by definition involves a relation between at least two people. In this article we analyse negotiations concerning elder care in the context of Finnish and Italian elder care policies. At the macro level negotiations on elder care are shaped by elder care policies and at the micro level by individual skills and resources. Our focus is on the negotiations on eligibility that take place when elders attempt to access care. The data consist of qualitative interviews with Finnish and Italian elders in need of care. The analysis of individual experiences of care negotiations reflects the implementation of elder care policies.
The results indicate that the most negotiated eligibility criteria when seeking access to elder care are need, money and social relations. These criteria are negotiated when seeking eligibility to different sources of care: informal care, grey market, market-based, non-profit and public services. In Italy, negotiation is particularly crucial when accessing grey market care. Cash as the main Italian elder care policy tool tends to enhance the role of and need for negotiation. In Finland, a greater part of elder care is provided by the public sector and therefore the process of negotiation is more standardized than in Italy
Nursing Students' Perceptions on Healthcare-Associated Infection Control and Prevention Teaching and Learning Experience: Development and Validation of a Scale in Four European Countries
Healthcare-associated infections are one of the major concerns worldwide. This
study presents the development and the validation process of the InovSafeCare
scale and aimed at identifying and measuring the ecosystem variables related to
healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) prevention and control practices in European
nurse students. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to (1) elaborate an
item pool related to the educational environment, the healthcare setting environment, and
the attitudes, beliefs, and performance of the nursing students regarding HCAI prevention
and control and (2) analyze psychometric properties of the scale using factor analysis.
The validated InovSafeCare scale was applied to undergraduate nursing students of
five European Higher Education Institutions. The partial least square structural equation
modeling (PLS-SEM) method with SMART-PLS3 software was used. The study sample
consists of 657 nursing students, who responded a self-report inventory. From the
analyzed data were identified 14 factors. The InovSafeCare scale reveals good validity
and reliability of the dimensions in different European countries.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Nursing Studentsâ Perceptions on Healthcare-Associated Infection Control and Prevention Teaching and Learning Experience in Portugal
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are one of the major concerns worldwide, posing
significant challenges to healthcare professionalsâ education and training. This study intended to
measure nursing studentsâ perceptions regarding their learning experiences on HAI prevention and
control. In the first phase of the study, a cross-sectional and descriptive study with a convenience
sample composed of undergraduate nursing students from Portugal, Spain, Poland, and Finland
was conducted to develop the InovSafeCare questionnaire. In the second phase, we applied the
InovSafeCare scale in a sample of nursing students from two Portuguese higher education institutions
to explore which factors impact nursing studentsâ adherence to HAI prevention and control measures
in clinical settings. In phase one, the InovSafeCare questionnaire was applied to 1326 students
internationally, with the instrument presenting adequate psychometric qualities with reliability
results in 14 dimensions. During phase two, the findings supported that Portuguese nursing studentsâ
adherence to HAI prevention and control measures is influenced not only by the curricular offerings
and resources available in academic settings, but also by the standards conveyed by nursing tutors
during clinical placements. Our findings support the need for a dedicated curricular focus on HAI
prevention and control learning, not only through specific classroom modules, innovative resources,
and pedagogical approaches, but also through a complementary and coordinated liaison between
teachers and tutors in academic and clinical settings.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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