Around the World Radio: A Teacher\u27s Guide to Shortwave Radio in the Classroom

Shortwave radio is a viable teaching tool for teachers in geography, social science, languages, and other areas of secondary and elementary curriculum. However, in the United States, teachers are generally not familiar with what is available to them on the shortwave radio and how they can adapt the use of the radio for their classrooms. This deficiency was the problem that this project intended to address

Strategies for teaching engineering mathematics

This thesis is an account of experiments into the teaching of mathematics to engineering undergraduates which have been conducted over twenty years against a background of changing intake ability, varying output requirements and increasing restrictions on the formal contact time available. The aim has been to improve the efficiency of the teaching-learning process. The main areas of experimentation have been the integration in the syllabus of numerical and analytical methods, the incorporation of case studies into the curriculum and the use of micro-based software to enhance the teaching process. Special attention is paid to courses in Mathematical Engineering and their position in the spectrum of engineering disciplines. A core curriculum in mathematics for undergraduate engineers is proposed and details are provided of its implementation. The roles of case studies and micro-based software are highlighted. The provision of a mathematics learning resource centre is considered a necessary feature of the implementation of the proposed course. Finally, suggestions for further research are made

Artificial intelligence and its application in architectural design

No abstract available.No abstract available

A discrete element analysis of cohesive granular bulk solid materials

In bulk handling applications, such as conveying and storage, understanding the effect cohesion has upon the flow-ability of particulate systems at the macroscopic scale is crucial in increasing the avenues of operation unit design improvements and handling scenarios of industrial operational units. This research provides a better understanding of the role cohesion has on the flow-ability of bulk solids materials through the development, implementation and application of a macroscopic elasto-plastic adhesive (MEPA) contact model within an open source HPC general purpose Discrete Element Method (DEM) computer code. This investigation proposed a DEM history dependent particle-particle MEPA contact model that accounts for both elastic and plastic contact deformations and adhesive attractions. The research tasks are focused in three major areas: 1) DEM applications for the analysis of cohesive bulk solids, 2) modeling stress history ependency of cohesive strength, and 3) the prediction of flow properties in test applications that are comparable to experimental results. The MEPA model applied herein is a three branched non-linear contact model that simulates the virgin compaction loading, unloading/reloading and adhesion behavior of a part iculate solid

Interview with Beth Page Mustoe

An interview with Beth Page Mustoe regarding her experiences in a one-room school house.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/ors/1158/thumbnail.jp

Secondary structure encodes a cooperative tertiary folding funnel in the Azoarcus ribozyme

A requirement for specific RNA folding is that the free-energy landscape discriminate against non-native folds. While tertiary interactions are critical for stabilizing the native fold, they are relatively non-specific, suggesting additional mechanisms contribute to tertiary folding specificity. In this study, we use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to explore how secondary structure shapes the tertiary free-energy landscape of the Azoarcus ribozyme. We show that steric and connectivity constraints posed by secondary structure strongly limit the accessible conformational space of the ribozyme, and that these so-called topological constraints in turn pose strong free-energy penalties on forming different tertiary contacts. Notably, native A-minor and base-triple interactions form with low conformational free energy, while non-native tetraloop/tetraloop–receptor interactions are penalized by high conformational free energies. Topological constraints also give rise to strong cooperativity between distal tertiary interactions, quantitatively matching prior experimental measurements. The specificity of the folding landscape is further enhanced as tertiary contacts place additional constraints on the conformational space, progressively funneling the molecule to the native state. These results indicate that secondary structure assists the ribozyme in navigating the otherwise rugged tertiary folding landscape, and further emphasize topological constraints as a key force in RNA folding

Textbook on Scar Management

This text book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Written by a group of international experts in the field and the result of over ten years of collaboration, it allows students and readers to gain to gain a detailed understanding of scar and wound treatment – a topic still dispersed among various disciplines. The content is divided into three parts for easy reference. The first part focuses on the fundamentals of scar management, including assessment and evaluation procedures, classification, tools for accurate measurement of all scar-related elements (volume density, color, vascularization), descriptions of the different evaluation scales. It also features chapters on the best practices in electronic-file storage for clinical reevaluation and telemedicine procedures for safe remote evaluation. The second section offers a comprehensive review of treatment and evidence-based technologies, presenting a consensus of the various available guidelines (silicone, surgery, chemical injections, mechanical tools for scar stabilization, lasers). The third part evaluates the full range of emerging technologies offered to physicians as alternative or complementary solutions for wound healing (mechanical, chemical, anti-proliferation). Textbook on Scar Management will appeal to trainees, fellows, residents and physicians dealing with scar management in plastic surgery, dermatology, surgery and oncology, as well as to nurses and general practitioners ; Comprehensive reference covering the complete field of wounds and scar management: semiology, classifications and scoring Highly educational contents for trainees as well as professionals in plastic surgery, dermatology, surgery, oncology as well as nurses and general practitioners Fast access to information through key points, take home messages, highlights, and a wealth of clinical cases Book didactic contents enhanced by supplementary material and video

The Role of Topological Constraints in RNA Tertiary Folding and Dynamics.

Functional RNA molecules must fold into highly complex three-dimensional (3D) structures and undergo precise structural dynamics in order to carry out their biological functions. However, the principles that govern RNA 3D folding and dynamics remain poorly understood. Recent studies have proposed that topological constraints arising from the basic connectivity and steric properties of RNA secondary structure strongly confine the 3D conformation of RNA junctions and thus may contribute to the specificity of RNA 3D folding and dynamics. Herein, this hypothesis is explored in quantitative detail using a combination of computational heuristic models and the specially developed coarse-grained molecular dynamics model TOPRNA. First, studies of two-way junctions provide new insight into the significance and mechanism of action of topological constraints. It is demonstrated that topological constraints explain the directionality and amplitude of bulge-induced bends, and that long-range tertiary interactions can modify topological constraints by disrupting non-canonical pairing in internal loops. Furthermore, topological constraints are shown to define free energy landscapes that coincide with the distribution of bulge conformations in structural databases and reproduce solution NMR measurements made on bulges. Next, TOPRNA is used to investigate the contributions of topological constraints to tRNA folding and dynamics. Topological constraints strongly constrain tRNA 3D conformation and notably discriminate against formation of non-native tertiary contacts, providing a sequence-independent source of folding specificity. Furthermore, topological constraints are observed to give rise to thermodynamic cooperativity between distinct tRNA tertiary interactions and encode functionally important 3D dynamics. Mutant tRNAs with unnatural secondary structures are shown to lack these favorable characteristics, suggesting that topological constraints underlie the evolutionary conservation of tRNA secondary structure. Additional studies of a non-canonical mitochondrial tRNA show that increased topological constraints can reduce the entropic cost of tertiary folding, and that disruptions of topological constraints explain the pathogenicity of a insertion mutation in this tRNA. UV melting experiments verify these findings. Finally, TOPRNA is used to study the topological constraints of the 197 nucleotide Azoarcus Group I ribozyme. It is shown that topological constraints strongly confine this RNA and provide a mechanism for encoding tertiary structure specificity and cooperative hierarchical folding behavior.PhDBiophysicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/110505/1/amustoe_1.pd

Biogenic Weathering: Solubilization of Iron from Minerals by Epilithic Freshwater Algae and Cyanobacteria

A sandstone outcrop exposed to freshwater seepage supports a diverse assemblage of photosynthetic microbes. Dominant taxa are two cyanophytes (Oscillatoria sp., Rivularia sp.) and a unicellular green alga (Palmellococcus sp.). Less abundant taxa include a filamentous green alga, Microspora, and the desmid Cosmarium. Biologic activity is evidenced by measured levels of chlorophyll and lipids. Bioassay methods confirm the ability of these microbes to dissolve and metabolize Fe from ferruginous minerals. Chromatographic analysis reveals citric acid as the likely chelating agent; this low molecular weight organic acid is detectable in interstitial fluid in the sandstone, measured as 0.0756 mg/mL. Bioassays using a model organism, Synechoccus elongates strain UTEX 650, show that Fe availability varies among different ferruginous minerals. In decreasing order of Fe availability: magnetite \u3e limonite \u3e biotite \u3e siderite \u3e hematite. Biotite was selected for detailed study because it is the most abundant iron-bearing mineral in the sandstone. SEM images support the microbiologic evidence, showing weathering of biotite compared to relatively undamaged grains of other silicate minerals. Link to full text article: http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/6/1/8/ht