Printed dipole array fed with parallel strip line for Ku-band applications

This paper presents the design procedure of a printed dipole antenna and 1D array configurations of the single dipole element in the Ku-Band with its metallic reflector plane parallel to the array plane. The proposed antenna has a natural beam tilt which is useful for some specific applications. Several array configurations in 1D are simulated and tested. The effect of mutual coupling among each array elements is also investigated. Required modifications on the individual array element and the feed structures due to the effect of mutual coupling are examined. The single dipole and array of dipole has measured VSWR values smaller than 2 in the Ku-Band with simulated gains of 5.7 dBi and 12 dBi, respectively. All the simulations are performed with ADS-2006A software and measurements are performed in an anechoic chamber

Examinatıon Of Mindfulness-Based Self-Efficacy Of Students Studying In Sports Sciences

In this study, it was aimed to examine the mindfulness-based self-efficacy levels of undergraduate students studying in sports sciences in terms of various variables. The sample of the research consists of undergraduate students studying at the faculty of sports sciences at Trakya University and Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, which were selected by convenience sampling method. The Conscious Awareness-Based Self-Efficacy Scale-Revised (SPS-A) developed by (Cayoun et al., 2012) and adapted into Turkish (Atalay et al., 2017) was used as a data collection tool in the research. The statistical information of the participants was evaluated by using the descriptive survey method in the study. Skewness and Kurtosis values were evaluated statistically by Normal Distribution test analysis. First of all, by looking at the Cronbach Alpha values of the scale, after the validity and reliability analysis, the skewness and kurtosis values of the obtained data were examined and the hypotheses of the socio-demographic variables were tested. Regular exercise status of students studying in sports sciences, taking part in sports organizations organized by university federations, having a licensed athlete for at least three years, according to the exam score taken as a basis for university application, according to the university success score, according to the frequency of participating in recreational activities, It was tested statistically according to the status of working in any job, university, department and class, and no significant difference was found in mindfulness-based self-efficacy, while a significant difference was obtained according to the gender variable. The result of Mann Whitney-U Test was obtained that male undergraduate students studying in sports sciences participating in the research had higher mindfulnessbased self-efficacy levels than females (P: 009<0.05)

GNSS station design for global climate change monitoring in Antarctica: ınstallation of TUR1 and TUR2 GNSS stations on Horseshoe Island in Antarctica During The 4th Turkish Antarctic Science Expedition

Son yıllarda uzay tabanlı konumlama sistemleri, GNSS Meteorolojisi ve GNSS Reflektometresi teknikleri kullanılarak gözlemlenen atmosferik su buharı, deniz, buz ve kar seviyeleri gibi önemli parametrelerle küresel iklim değişikliğinin izlenmesinde etkili bir destekleyici araç haline gelmiştir. Küresel ölçekte tüm bölgelerden daha hızlı ısınan Antarktika'da iklim değişikliğini incelemek, gelecekteki iklim değişikliğini daha doğru tahmin etmek için çok önemlidir. Dünya'nın iklim değişikliği etkilerinin izlenebilmesi amacıyla, 118Y322 No’lu TÜBİTAK projesi kapsamında GNSS Meteorolojisi ve GNSS Reflektometresi teknikleri ile 24 Şubat 2020 tarihinden itibaren Antarktika’da atmosferik su buharı değişimleri, kar derinliği ve buz kalınlığı değişimleri gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Troposfer ve Deniz Seviyesi Gözlem İstasyonu (TUR1) ile Troposfer ve Kar / Buz Seviyesi Gözlem İstasyonunun (TUR2) tasarım çalışmaları ve 4. Ulusal Antarktika Bilim Seferi’nde Antarktika Horseshoe Adası’na kurulum aşamaları anlatılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar, meteorolojik koşullar, şebekeden bağımsız ve batarya ile bütünleşik enerji sisteminin en sağlıklı şekilde güneş ve rüzgâr enerjisinden beslenmesi ve bölgede oluşabilecek buzul oluşumu ve kayaç parçalanması gibi jeolojik parametreler de göz önüne alınarak yapılmıştır.In recent years, space-based positioning systems have become an effective supporting tool for monitoring global climate change by important parameters such as atmospheric water vapor, sea, ice and snow levels observed by using GNSS Meteorology and GNSS Reflectometry techniques. Studying climate change in Antarctica, which is warming faster than all of the regions on a global scale, is very important to predict future climate change more accurately. In order to monitor climate change effects of the Earth, tropospheric water vapor variations, snow depth and ice thickness changes have been observing in Antarctica since 24 February 2020 by means of GNSS Meteorology and GNSS Reflectometry techniques within the scope of the TUBITAK Project No. 118Y322 In this study, designing studies of Troposphere and Sea Level Observation Station (TUR1) and Troposphere and Snow / Ice Level Observation Station (TUR2) and installation steps to Horseshoe Island in Antarctica during the 4th National Antarctic Science Expedition are explained. These studies was carried out by taking into account the meteorological conditions, the healthiest feeding of the off grid battery integrated energy system from solar and wind energy and geological parameters such as glacial formation and rock fragmentation that may occur in the region

Doğu Akdeniz'de mevcut farklı ekosistemlerin - upwelling bölgeleri, açık deniz ve kıta sahanlığı suları - dinamikleri, bakteriyel ve birincil üretim potansiyelleri, üst trofik seviyelere yansımaları

TÜBİTAK ÇAYDAG15.10.2014Türkiye denizleri, su bütçesi, atmosferik ve karasal girdiler, taban topoğrafyası, iklimsel evrim gibi temel etkenlerin belirlediği fiziksel, kimyasal, biyolojik özellikler bakımından büyük farklılıklar içeren zengin ve değişken deniz ekosistemlerini barındırmaktadır. Birincil üretim potansiyelleri açısından Karadeniz’in özellikle kuzeybatı kıta sahanlığı ötrofik, Marmara Denizi ve körfezleri ileri derecede ötrofik, Ege Denizi ve Doğu Akdeniz oligotrofik yapı sergilemektedir. Özgün bir dinamiği olan Doğu Akdeniz, genelde bir uç oligotrofik sistem olarak tanımlansa da, kendi içinde önemli bölgesel farklılıklar göstermektedir. Özellikle karasal tatlı su ve besin girdilerinden etkilenen kuzeydoğu kıta sahanlığı (Mersin ve İskenderun Körfezleri) ve ‘upwelling’ dinamiğinden etkilenen Rodos döngüsünde önemli düzeylerde birincil üretim potansiyeline sahiptirler ve daha yoksul olan açık denizden farklıdırlar. Aktif dinamik yapıya ve zengin biyolojik çeşitliliğe sahip kıyısal denizlerimizin sürekli gözlem, analiz ve model öngörüleri aracılığıyla araştırılmasının sürdürülmesi, büyük stratejik önemi haizdir. Çalışma O.D.T.Ü. Deniz Bilimleri Enstitüsü Araştırma Gemisi Bilim-2 ile anılan sahalarda ve istasyonlarda mevsimsel bazda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile fonksiyonel olarak üç farklı ekosistemi teşkil eden alanlarda bakteriden balıklara uzanan besin zincirinde olası yapısal farklılıklar, üretim potansiyelleri, dinamikleri karşılaştırılmış, toplanan diğer çevre faktörleri ile etkileşimleri irdelenmiştir.Turkish seas accommodate rich and varied marine ecosystems which are diverse in their physical, chemical, biological characteristics as a result of differences in basic driving factors such as the water budget, atmospheric and land-based inputs, bottom topography, climatic evolution. In terms of primary production potential, the Black Sea especially the northwestern continental shelf exhibits eutrophic characteristics, while Marmara Sea and its bays are highly eutrophic, and Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Seas display oligotrophic structure. Although the Eastern Mediterranean with its rather unique characteristics is often defined as an ultra-oligotrophic system, there are significant regional differences within the system. The northeastern continental shelf (Mersin and İskenderun Bays) influenced by land-based fresh water and nutrient sources and the Rhodes Gyre influenced by ‘upwelling’ dynamics have potential for high primary production, while the open sea is relatively poor. Continued research through continuous observations, analyses and model predictions have immense strategic importance for the well being of our coastal seas possessing energetic dynamics and rich biological diversity. It is proposed that the physical-biochemical variability of the diverse northern Levantine Sea ecosystems be investigated through systematic observations during oceanographic cruises, as well as model-based predictions. Study has been conducted seasonally aboard Research Vessel Bilim-2 of the Institute of Marine Sciences of Middle East Technical University in the referred areas and stations. Throughout the study, in areas that represent the three different functional ecosystems, possible structural differences, productivity potential, and dynamics were compared in the food chain spanning bacteria to fish, and their interactions with the other environmental factors were investigated

Outcomes of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed using image-guided core needle biopsy: results from a multicenter retrospective study

PURPOSEThe clinical management of high-risk lesions using image-guided biopsy is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the rates at which such lesions were upgraded to malignancy and identify possible predictive factors for upgrading high-risk lesions.METHODSThis retrospective multicenter analysis included 1.343 patients diagnosed with high-risk lesions using an image-guided core needle or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). Only patients managed using an excisional biopsy or with at least one year of documented radiological follow-up were included. For each, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category, number of samples, needle thickness, and lesion size were correlated with malignancy upgrade rates in different histologic subtypes. Pearson’s chi-squared test, the Fisher–Freeman–Halton test, and Fisher’s exact test were used for the statistical analyses.RESULTSThe overall upgrade rate was 20.6%, with the highest rates in the subtypes of intraductal papilloma (IP) with atypia (44.7%; 55/123), followed by atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) (38.4%; 144/375), lobular neoplasia (LN) (12.7%; 7/55), papilloma without atypia (9.4%; 58/611), flat epithelial atypia (FEA) (8.7%; 10/114), and radial scars (RSs) (4.6%; 3/65). There was a significant relationship between the upgrade rate and BI-RADS category, number of samples, and lesion size Lesion size was the most predictive factor for an upgrade in all subtypes.CONCLUSIONADH and atypical IP showed considerable upgrade rates to malignancy, requiring surgical excision. The LN, IP without atypia, pure FEA, and RS subtypes showed lower malignancy rates when the BI-RADS category was lower and in smaller lesions that had been adequately sampled using VAB. After being discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting, these cases could be managed with follow-up instead of excision

Critical properties of a spin-3/2 Ising model with bilinear and biquadratic interactions

We have studied the temperature dependences of the magnetization and the quadrupolar moment of a spin-(3)/(2) Ising model Hamiltonian with bilinear and biquadratic interactions using the molecular field approximation. A number of characteristic behaviors for the thermal variations of the order parameters are investigated and besides the stable solutions, metastable and unstable solutions are found. These solutions are classified by the means of free energy surfaces based on the form of a contour map. The first- and second-order phase transition temperatures are found by using free energy values while increasing and decreasing the temperature, and the Hessian determinant, respectively. The metastable phase diagram in addition to the equilibrium phase diagram is presented in (T/K,J/K) plane in detail and it exhibits zero-temperature critical point, critical points, triple point, tricritical points and multicritical point. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved