Asociación entre consumo de alcohol y exceso de peso entre estudiantes universitarios de América Latina

Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad son problemas de salud pública de nivel mundial. Si bien existe información respecto al consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia, pocos autores han señalado la asociación entre este hábito y el exceso de peso en esta población. El objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre el consumo de alcohol y el exceso de peso en estudiantes universitarios de 10 países de Latinoamérica durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal y multicéntrico con 4.539 estudiantes universitarios matriculados en diez países de América Latina. Para la valoración del consumo de alcohol se utilizó la pregunta ¿Consumes bebidas alcohólicas? (1 porción 1 vaso de 200 ml). El índice de masa corporal (IMC) se determinó a partir del peso y la altura auto informado. Para determinar si el exceso de peso (IMC ≥25 kg/m2 ) estaba asociado con el consumo de alcohol, se utilizó un análisis de regresión logística, ajustado por edad, sexo, año de estudio, nivel socioeconómico, actividad física y tabaquismo. Resultados: Entre los estudiantes con estado nutricional normal, un 59,6% no consumía alcohol, mientras entre los que presentaban un exceso de peso era un 55,1%. Los estudiantes que consumían 2 o más porciones de alcohol al día tenían 2,18 veces más riesgo de tener exceso de peso (OR: 2.18 [95% IC: 1,26 a 3,77]), comparado con aquellos que no consumían alcohol. Conclusión: Se observó que aquellos estudiantes que consumieron más alcohol tuvieron más probabilidades de tener exceso de peso. Palabras clave: Alcohol; Índice de masa corporal; Obesidad; Sobrepeso; Universitarios

Contaminación del pasto con suelo, un aspecto cada día más importante en nutrición animal

Se examina la importancia que puede tener la contaminación del pasto con suelo en algunas zonas de Andalucía Occidental, especialmente en una pradera halófita de la Marisma del Guadalquivir, donde el pasto puede alcanzar con facilidad niveles de Al, Fe y Ti superiores a 3.000 ppm., 1.500 ppm. y 100 ppm., respectivamente. Se trata de un aspecto muy interesante, puesto que en algunas zonas de la Marisma pueden acumularse cantidades apreciables de metales pesados y, además, éstos pueden retener enérgicamente cierto tipo de pesticidas. Por consiguiente, en zonas contaminadas, un animal puede consumir cantidades notables de estas substancias a través del suelo que se adhiere a las plantas

Corn fertilization with three (sugarbeet) vinasse composts

Beet vinasse (desugared, beet molasses) was co-composted with each of three following solid agricultural residues: grape marc, olive press cake and the cotton gin trash. The composts were used to fertilize corn. A treatment of mineral fertilizer was used for comparison. Compost had no detrimental effects on the growth parameters and nutritional status of corn. compost treatments produced yields (weight of grain) that were higher than those obtained for mineral fertilizers.Peer Reviewe

Sugarbeet fertilization with three (Sugarbeet) vinasse composts

4 páginas, 1 figura, 4 tablas, 4 referencias.-- European Commission International Symposium.The recycling of the organic wastes from different industries could satisfy the increasing demand for organic materials in agriculture and horticulture.Peer reviewe

Mejora de la fertilidad de suelos degradados mediante el uso de residuos orgánicos y árboles de crecimiento rápido

Póster y comunicación oral presentados en la Sesión 1: Soil conservation and restoration and soil pollution, del citado Congreso, celebrado del 1-4, julio, 2013, en Valencia, España.Los suelos de clima Mediterráneo están caracterizados por bajos contenidos de materia orgánica y nutrientes, lo que los hace susceptibles de sufrir rápidos procesos de degradación. La aplicación de residuos orgánicos para aumentar su fertilidad y el establecimiento de árboles de crecimiento rápido para obtener biomasa, y por tanto un beneficio económico, es una solución viable para estos suelos degradados. Para evaluar la viabilidad de esta alternativa se seleccionó una parcela con suelo degradado en el campus de “La Rábida” (Huelva).Proyecto de Excelencia Junta de Andalucía RNM-6398 .Valorización de la recuperación de suelos mediante el reciclaje de residuos orgánicos y la obtención de biomasa con fines energéticos.Peer reviewe

Interacción N y salinidad en ryegrass. Implicaciones en la interpretación del contenido de K de los suelos

10 páginas, 2 figuras, 3 tablas, 16 referencias.[EN]: Split additions of NO3-N (irrigation with a solution of 50 mg Nl-1) under saline conditions (irrigation with a 10 mM NaCl solution, which did not negatively affect plant growth) and non-saline conditions (water), enhanced the Na uptake by Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. “Barwoltra”) grown in two soils potentially rich in K. The Mg uptake was also enhanced. This was not observed for split additions of P. After an initial “luxury” K plant uptake, the K supply could be insufficient to cope with the vigorous growth of the ryegrass resulting from the addition of NO3-N, so that K was partially replaced by Na (and Mg) for achieving plant growth in treatments adding N.[ES]: La adición fraccionada de N-NO3 (irrigación con una solución de 50 mg N I-1) bajo condiciones salinas (irrigación con una solución de 10 mM de NaCl, que no limitó el crecimiento de la planta) y no salinas, potenció la absorción de Na del ryegrass italiano (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. “Barwoltra”) en dos suelos potencialmente ricos en K. También aumentó la absorción de Mg. No se observó esta circunstancia en el caso de adiciones fraccionadas de P. Tras un “consumo de lujo” inicial de K por parte del ryegrass, la disponibilidad de K en el suelo pudo ser insuficiente para completar el vigoroso crecimiento impuesto por la adición de N, siendo el K parcialmente reemplazado por Na (y Mg, en los tratamientos con N) con el fin de que la planta pudiera completar su crecimiento.Peer reviewe

Dietary patterns and dietary recommendations achievement from Latin American college students during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown

Abstract: This study aimed to compare the diet quality of different dietary patterns among college students from Latin American countries, including vegetarians, vegans, and omnivores during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study was conducted including a non- probabilistic sample of university students from 10 countries. University students were invited to participate in the study through social network platforms. Participants were self-reported to have followed a specific dietary pattern; either the Prudent diet, Western diet, Ovo-dairy-vegetarian diet, Fish-vegetarian diet, Strict vegetarian diet (vegan) or other. The last three patterns (vegetarians and vegans) were grouped as following a plant-based diet. A self-assessment survey was used to evaluate healthy eating habits using a questionnaire with values between 1 (do not consume) and 5 (consume) for a total of 9–45 points (higher values represent better eating habits). Unhealthy habits were assessed with nine questions. A total of 4,809 students filled out the questionnaire, and the majority of them were females (73.7%). A high percentage have been in lockdown for more than 5 months and were in lockdown when the survey was released. 74.3% were self-reported to follow a prudent diet, while 11.4% reported following a western dietary pattern and 8.8% a plant-based diet. When compliance with healthy and unhealthy dietary habits was analyzed, although all groups had low compliance, the plant-based diet group (56.09 ±6.11) performed better than the Western diet group (48.03 ± 5.99). The total diet quality score was significantly higher for plant-based diet followers, who also tended to better achieve the recommendations than omnivorous students, especially the ones following a western diet. These results present evidence that young adults such as college-aged students have unhealthy dietary habits. However, the ones who follow a plant-based diet such as vegetarians and vegans exhibit better scores and healthier dietary conducts

Body weight in relation to hours of sleep, and physical activity in latin american university students during the Covid-19 pandemic

Abstract: Introduction: Short sleep, physical inactivity, and being locked up are risk factors for weight gain. Objective: We evaluated weight gain according to sex, age, hours of sleep and physical activity in university students from 10 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional and multicenter study (n = 4880). Results: The average age was 22.5 ± 4.4 years. 60.2% were currently locked up. 73.6% were women, 48.2% increased their body weight, 66% reported insufficient sleep hours, and 65.9% were inactive. Women gained more weight than men (73.2%) and younger students gained more weight (85.1%). Those who had insufficient sleep hours gained most weight (67.6%). Inactive participants gained most weight (74.7%). Students who have insufficient sleep are 21% more likely to have changes in body weight compared to students who have optimal sleep. Conclusion: The increase in body weight and its risk factors during confinement should be considered as emerging from public health

Body weight in relation to hours of sleep, and physical activity in Latin American university students during the Covid-19 pandemic

Introduction: Short sleep, physical inactivity, and being locked up are risk factors for weight gain. Objective: We evaluated weight gain according to sex, age, hours of sleep and physical activity in university students from 10 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional and multicenter study (n = 4880). Results: The average age was 22.5 ± 4.4 years. 60.2% were currently locked up. 73.6% were women, 48.2% increased their body weight, 66% reported insufficient sleep hours, and 65.9% were inactive. Women gained more weight than men (73.2%) and younger students gained more weight (85.1%). Those who had insufficient sleep hours gained most weight (67.6%). Inactive participants gained most weight (74.7%). Students who have insufficient sleep are 21% more likely to have changes in body weight compared to students who have optimal sleep. Conclusion: The increase in body weight and its risk factors during confinement should be considered as emerging from public health