Fuzzy Information Measures with Multiple Parameters

Information theory deals with the study of problems concerning any system. This includes information processing, information storage, information retrieval and decision making. Information theory studies all theoretical problems connected with the transmission of information over communication channels. This includes the study of uncertainty (information) measures and various practical and economical methods of coding information for transmission. In this chapter, the introduction of a new generalised measure of fuzzy information involving two real parameters is given. The proposed measure satisfies all the necessary properties of being a measure. Some additional properties of the proposed measure have also been studied. Further, the monotonic nature of generalised fuzzy information measure with respect to the parameters is studied and validity of the same is checked by constructing the computed tables and plots on taking different fuzzy sets and different values of the parameters. Also, a new generalised fuzzy information measure involving three parameters has been introduced

Men

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Cross-generational Valuing Among Peer Academic Librarians: A Preliminary Report Following Up with Millennials

Paper presents a preliminary analysis of survey research designed to elicit information about Millennial academic librarians, their most valued colleagues at work, and reasons why they value these colleagues, and compares the results to earlier findings reported by Munde and Coonin in “Cross-Generational Valuing Among Peer Academic Librarians.� This earlier study (2012) attempted to address a gap in the empirical research concerning generational roles in the academic library workforce, particularly with regard to Millennials. The number of responses from Millennial generation librarians to the survey created for the earlier baseline study was relatively small, and findings from the earlier study suggested additional research questions, so a follow-up study (2014) aimed at a larger pool was designed and undertaken

Measures for Cost Escalation in Bridge

The study throws light on various existing and traditional methods that are being used in computation of Cost Escalation in the construction sector. The thesis reviews the existing methods for calculation of escalation in India and premeditates the techniques adopted by the other nations across the globe. The existing method in India uses Wholesale Price Index (WPI) for materials and Consumer Price Index (CPI) for labour to calculate the escalation. Similar approach is being followed by many other countries too, but now-a-days some of the organisations have realized the shortfalls and hitches in this traditional method. Few organisations have taken initiative to develop construction specific cost indices such as Construction cost index (CCI), Producer Price Index (PPI), etc. The cost of escalation obtained from the present method is too low than the actual escalation amount incurred in the projects. The three main reasons for such a difference are: the use of WPI which is a general price index, the non availability of indices for majority of construction materials and the absence of construction specific regional wise cost indexes. Hence an urgent need has been felt to review the present approach. The use of actual prices (purchase rates) of the materials in the escalation formulae and secondly, the adoption of CCI to calculate escalation. In this study both the methods suggested have been proved with valid practical data and evidences and have been found to be significantly better than the existing approach

Volumetric Behavior of Sodium Saccharin in Water and (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) m Fructose at (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K

In order to get the information regarding the sweetener-water and sweetener-sweetener interactions, densities of sodium saccharin in water and (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) m fructose have been measured at (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K by the use of bicapillary pycnometer. From density values, partial molar volumes, expansion coefficient, Hepler’s constant, apparent specific volumes, partial molar volumes of transfer, doublet and triplet interaction coefficients have been calculated. From density study, it has been concluded that strong water-sodium saccharin interactions exist. Sodium saccharin is water structure maker. Strong interactions exist between sodium saccharin and fructose. In presence of fructose, the interactions exist between hydrophilic group (–OH, C=O, and –O–) of fructose and sodium ion of sodium saccharin in aqueous solutions of sodium saccharin. All investigated solutions exhibit sweet taste. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v9i1.92

Intralesional extended curettage with fibular strut for the treatment of large peritrochanteric cyst: a case report and review of literature

Simple bone cysts are benign bone lesions commonly found in children and adolescents. They are usually asymptomatic and are incidentally detected on imaging studies. However, in rare cases, simple bone cysts can grow to a large size and cause symptoms such as pain and functional limitations. We present a case report of a large peritrochanteric simple bone cyst in an adolescent male who presented with hip pain and difficulty in walking. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiographic findings and histopathological examination of the cyst. The patient was managed with curettage and auto allo bone grafting with fibular strut and supplementary plate fixation. Patient had a favourable outcome with complete resolution of symptoms at 18-month follow-up. Our case report highlights the need of fixation for large simple bone cyst in proximal femur region along with curettage and bone grafting.

Oxidative Schritte in der Phenylphenalenonbiosynthese in Anigozanthos preissii und Wachendorfia thyrsiflora (Haemodoraceae)

Die vorgelegte Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Untersuchungen zu oxidativen Schritten in der Biosynthese von Phenylphenalenonen von zwei Arten der Pflanzenfamilie der Haemodoraceae. Hierfür wurden Fütterungsexperimente unter Verwendung geeigneter 13C-markierter Vorstufen in einer 18O2-Atmosphäre durchgeführt. Dabei konnte der Nachweis über die Reihenfolge des Einbaus von Sauerstofffunktionen in unterschiedlichen Positionen von Phenylphenalenonen erbracht werden. Als Analysenmethoden dienten hierbei NMR- und MS-Techniken

Oxygen Dynamics in Amorphous SIlicon Suboxide Resistive Switches

This thesis aims to improve our understanding of intrinsic resistive switching behaviour in silicon suboxides using transmission electron microscopy characterisation and density functional theory modelling. The main new results of this thesis can be summarised as follows. In sputter-deposited silicon suboxides, oxide-wide structural reorganisation occurs during electrical stressing. This is a result of large-scale oxygen dynamics, which can result in oxygen outmigration from the oxide and electrode deformation. The fabrication of sputter-deposited silicon suboxides greatly influences device performance. Firstly, growing the oxide layer on a rougher substrate surface promotes lower electroforming voltages and greater device endurance. This is consistent with enhanced columnar microstructure in the oxide. Secondly, thin oxide layers (< 5 nm) will lead to electrode migration into the oxide layer as a result of high electric fields. This will limit the thickness of the oxide layer needed for intrinsic switching behaviour. The formation of oxygen vacancy dimers and trimers is energetically favourable at some sites in amorphous silicon dioxide, with maximum binding energies of 0.13 eV and 0.18 eV, respectively. However, neutral oxygen vacancies are immobile under room temperature operating conditions and diffuse with a mean adiabatic barrier height of 4.6 eV. In amorphous silicon dioxide, double electron trapping is energetically feasible at oxygen vacancies at Fermi energies above 6.4 eV. This greatly improves vacancy mobility; however, vacancy diffusion competes with thermal ionisation of the electrons into the conduction band. Oxygen vacancies also compete with intrinsic sites for electron trapping. This results in an inefficient diffusion process, which cannot explain the formation of a silicon-rich conductive path. These results will help guide the optimisation of future silicon suboxide-based resistive random access memory and provide new insights into the role of oxygen vacancies during the electrical stressing of silicon oxides