655 research outputs found
Validation of the face-name pairs task in major depression: impaired recall but not recognition
Major depression can be associated with neurocognitive deficits which are believed in part to be related to medial temporal lobe pathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate this impairment using a hippocampal-dependent neuropsychological task. The face-name pairs task was used to assess associative memory functioning in 19 patients with major depression. When compared to age-sex-and-education matched controls, patients with depression showed impaired learning, delayed cued-recall, and delayed free-recall. However, they also showed preserved recognition of the verbal and nonverbal components of this task. Results indicate that the face-name pairs task is sensitive to neurocognitive deficits in major depression.Thisresearchwasfundedbya4-yearHealthResearch Board grant
Nonlinear asteroseismology of RR Lyrae
The observations of the Kepler space telescope revealed that fundamental-mode
RR Lyrae stars may show various radial overtones. The presence of multiple
radial modes may allow us to conduct nonlinear asteroseismology: comparison of
mode amplitudes and frequency shifts between observations and models. Here we
report the detection of three radial modes in the star RR Lyr, the eponym of
the class, using the Kepler short cadence data: besides the fundamental mode,
both the first and the ninth overtones can be derived from the data set. RR
Lyrae shows period doubling, but switches occasionally to a state where a
pattern of six pulsation cycles repeats instead of two. We found hydrodynamic
models that show the same three modes and the period-six state, allowing for
comparison with the observations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
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Limits On Planets Around Pulsating White Dwarf Stars
We present limits on planetary companions to pulsating white dwarf stars. A subset of these stars exhibit extreme stability in the period and phase of some of their pulsation modes; a planet can be detected around such a star by searching for periodic variations in the arrival time of these pulsations. We present limits on companions greater than a few Jupiter masses around a sample of 15 white dwarf stars as part of an ongoing survey. One star shows a variation in arrival time consistent with a 2M(J) planet in a 4.5 yr orbit. We discuss other possible explanations for the observed signal and conclude that a planet is the most plausible explanation based on the data available.NASA Origins NAG5-13094Astronom
New Pulsating DB White Dwarf Stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
We are searching for new He atmosphere white dwarf pulsators (DBVs) based on
the newly found white dwarf stars from the spectra obtained by the Sloan
Digital Sky Survey. DBVs pulsate at hotter temperature ranges than their better
known cousins, the H atmosphere white dwarf pulsators (DAVs or ZZ Ceti stars).
Since the evolution of white dwarf stars is characterized by cooling,
asteroseismological studies of DBVs give us opportunities to study white dwarf
structure at a different evolutionary stage than the DAVs. The hottest DBVs are
thought to have neutrino luminosities exceeding their photon luminosities
(Winget et al. 2004), a quantity measurable through asteroseismology.
Therefore, they can also be used to study neutrino physics in the stellar
interior. So far we have discovered nine new DBVs, doubling the number of
previously known DBVs. Here we report the new pulsators' lightcurves and power
spectra.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, ApJ accepte
Discovery of a Nova-Like Cataclysmic Variable in the Kepler Mission Field
We announce the identification of a new cataclysmic variable star in the
field of the Kepler Mission, KIC J192410.81+445934.9. This system was
identified during a search for compact pulsators in the Kepler field.
High-speed photometry reveals coherent large-amplitude variability with a
period of 2.94 h. Rapid, large-amplitude quasi-periodic variations are also
detected on time scales of ~1200 s and ~650 s. Time-resolved spectroscopy
covering one half photometric period shows shallow, broad Balmer and He I
absorption lines with bright emission cores as well as strong He II and Bowen
blend emission. Radial velocity variations are also observed in the Balmer and
He I emission lines that are consistent with the photometric period. We
therefore conclude that KIC J192410.81+445934.9 is a nova-like variable of the
UX UMa class in or near the period gap, and it may belong to the rapidly
growing subclass of SW Sex systems. Based on 2MASS photometry and companion
star models, we place a lower limit on the distance to the system of ~500 pc.
Due to limitations of our discovery data, additional observations including
spectroscopy and polarimetry are needed to confirm the nature of this object.
Such data will help to further understanding of the behavior of nova-like
variables in the critical period range of 3-4 h, where standard cataclysmic
variable evolutionary theory finds major problems. The presence of this system
in the Kepler mission field-of-view also presents a unique opportunity to
obtain a continuous photometric data stream of unparalleled length and
precision on a cataclysmic variable system.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. 8 pages, 7
figures, uses emulateapj
Evolutionary influences on the structure of red-giant acoustic oscillation spectra from 600d of Kepler observations
Context: The Kepler space mission is reaching continuous observing times long
enough to start studying the fine structure of the observed p-mode spectra.
Aims: In this paper, we aim to study the signature of stellar evolution on the
radial and p-dominated l=2 modes in an ensemble of red giants that show
solar-type oscillations. Results: We find that the phase shift of the central
radial mode (eps_c) is significantly different for red giants at a given large
frequency separation (Dnu_c) but which burn only H in a shell (RGB) than those
that have already ignited core He burning. Even though not directly probing the
stellar core the pair of local seismic observables (Dnu_c, eps_c) can be used
as an evolutionary stage discriminator that turned out to be as reliable as the
period spacing of the mixed dipole modes. We find a tight correlation between
eps_c and Dnu_c for RGB stars and no indication that eps_c depends on other
properties of these stars. It appears that the difference in eps_c between the
two populations becomes if we use an average of several radial orders, instead
of a local, i.e. only around the central radial mode, Dnu to determine the
phase shift. This indicates that the information on the evolutionary stage is
encoded locally, in the shape of the radial mode sequence. This shape turns out
to be approximately symmetric around the central radial mode for RGB stars but
asymmetric for core He burning stars. We computed radial modes for a sequence
of RG models and find them to qualitatively confirm our findings. We also find
that, at least in our models, the local Dnu is an at least as good and mostly
better proxy for both the asymptotic spacing and the large separation scaled
from the model density than the average Dnu. Finally, we investigate the
signature of the evolutionary stage on the small frequency separation and
quantify the mass dependency of this seismic parameter.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Mode Identification from Combination Frequency Amplitudes in ZZ Ceti Stars
The lightcurves of variable DA stars are usually multi-periodic and
non-sinusoidal, so that their Fourier transforms show peaks at eigenfrequencies
of the pulsation modes and at sums and differences of these frequencies. These
combination frequencies provide extra information about the pulsations, both
physical and geometrical, that is lost unless they are analyzed. Several
theories provide a context for this analysis by predicting combination
frequency amplitudes. In these theories, the combination frequencies arise from
nonlinear mixing of oscillation modes in the outer layers of the white dwarf,
so their analysis cannot yield direct information on the global structure of
the star as eigenmodes provide. However, their sensitivity to mode geometry
does make them a useful tool for identifying the spherical degree of the modes
that mix to produce them. In this paper, we analyze data from eight hot,
low-amplitude DAV white dwarfs and measure the amplitudes of combination
frequencies present. By comparing these amplitudes to the predictions of the
theory of Goldreich & Wu, we have verified that the theory is crudely
consistent with the measurements. We have also investigated to what extent the
combination frequencies can be used to measure the spherical degree (ell) of
the modes that produce them. We find that modes with ell > 2 are easily
identifiable as high ell based on their combination frequencies alone.
Distinguishing between ell=1 and 2 is also possible using harmonics. These
results will be useful for conducting seismological analysis of large ensembles
of ZZ Ceti stars, such as those being discovered using the Sloan Digital Sky
Survey. Because this method relies only on photometry at optical wavelengths,
it can be applied to faint stars using 4 m class telescopes.Comment: 73 pages, 22 figures, accepted in the Ap
Three ways to solve the orbit of KIC11558725: a 10 day beaming sdB+WD binary with a pulsating subdwarf
The recently discovered subdwarf B (sdB) pulsator KIC11558725 features a rich
g-mode frequency spectrum, with a few low-amplitude p-modes at short periods,
and is a promising target for a seismic study aiming to constrain the internal
structure of this star, and of sdB stars in general.
We have obtained ground-based spectroscopic Balmer-line radial-velocity
measurements of KIC11558725, spanning the 2010 and 2011 observing seasons. From
these data we have discovered that KIC11558725 is a binary with period P=10.05
d, and that the radial-velocity amplitude of the sdB star is 58 km/s.
Consequently the companion of the sdB star has a minimum mass of 0.63 M\odot,
and is therefore most likely an unseen white dwarf.
We analyse the near-continuous 2010-2011 Kepler light curve to reveal orbital
Doppler-beaming light variations at the 238 ppm level, which is consistent with
the observed spectroscopic orbital radial-velocity amplitude of the subdwarf.
We use the strongest 70 pulsation frequencies in the Kepler light curve of the
subdwarf as clocks to derive a third consistent measurement of the orbital
radial-velocity amplitude, from the orbital light-travel delay.
We use our high signal-to-noise average spectra to study the atmospheric
parameters of the sdB star, deriving Teff = 27 910K and log g = 5.41 dex, and
find that carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are underabundant relative to the solar
mixture.
Furthermore, we extract more than 160 significant frequencies from the Kepler
light curve. We investigate the pulsation frequencies for expected period
spacings and rotational splittings. We find period-spacing sequences of
spherical-harmonic degrees \ell=1 and \ell=2, and we associate a large fraction
of the g-modes in KIC11558725 with these sequences. From frequency splittings
we conclude that the subdwarf is rotating subsynchronously with respect to the
orbit
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