Some fixed point theorems in partial metric spaces

Here we prove two fixed point theorems on partial metric space, which was defined by S. Matthews [8] in 1994. In the literature one can find fixed point theorems proved on such spaces by using Picard iteration schemes. Here our main ingredient is Cantor intersection type results.The first author is being supported by University Grants Commission’s (Regional office, Kolkata) Minor Research Project (letter no. F.PSW-032/11-12(ERO), dated 08.08.11) for this work.Publisher's Versio

Implementation of Problem Based Learning Model Based on Monera Kingdom to Increase the Learning Outcomes and Critical Thinking Skills

Permendikbud No. 65 of the standard curriculum in the learning process 2013 highly recommended approach is to use learning approaches that produce work. Based on these models are suitable is Problem Based Learning models. Problem Based Learning models is designed to help students develop thinking skills, problem-solving skills, and intellectual skills. This research aims to improve learning outcomes and critical thinking skills studentsSMA 5 Banjaramasin to the application of Problem Based Learning models. This research is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles, each cycle of 2 meetings. The subjects were students of class X MIA 4 SMA Negeri 5 Banjarmasin. Cognitive learning outcomes of students has increased of the first cycle of 36.2% and cycle II of 90.7%, from the data obtained indicate achievement of classical completeness is set at ≥ 85%. Results of the assessment process is fair in every cycle. LKS assessment results classified as good in every cycle, the first cycle of 76.57% and 88.69% second cycle. Assessment of products / works has increased from 73.19% the first cycle and 83.59% second cycle. Affective student assessment results quite well on the assessment of character behavior and social skills in every cycle. Assessment of critical thinking skills of students has increased from 73.55% the first cycle and cycle II 82.11%, from the data obtained shows that the achievement of success indicators research students\u27 critical thinking skills quite well. Students\u27 response to the application of Problem Based Learning models showed high positive answer is 55.41% of students agreed. Under these conditions, the application of the model Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Problems can improve learning outcomes and the critical thinking skills of students on the Monera Kingdom Concept

Daya Ikat Air, Kadar Air, Dan Protein Nugget Ayam Yang Disubstitusi Dengan Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus Ostreatus)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai daya ikat air, kadar air, dan protein nugget ayam yang disubstitusi dengan jamur tiram putih. Data hasil penelitian diolah secara statistik menggunakan analisis ragam pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai daya ikat air, kadar air dan kadar protein dilanjutkan dengan Uji Wilayah Ganda Duncan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan (T) adalah nugget ayam yang disubstitusi jamur tiram putih meliputi T0=0%, T1=20%, T2=30%, T3=40%, dan T4= 50%. Berdasarkan analisis ragam diketahui bahwa substitusi nugget ayam dengan jamur tiram putih memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) pada kadar protein, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) pada daya ikat air dan kadar air

Sub-Sistem Penerima Pada Sistem Pengukuran Kanal HF Pada Lintasan Merauke-Surabaya

Sistem High Frequency (HF) dapat digunakan untuk komunikasi ke/dari daerah-daerah terpencil yang menghalangi infrastruktur jaringan yang muncul di banyak tempat di pulau- pulau Indonesia. Pada ionosfer daerah equatorial terdapat fenomena yang disebut Equatorial Spread-F (ESF) yang berpotensi menyebabkan delay spread dan time varian yang besar untuk saluran HF. Pada penelitian ini, pengukuran akan dilakukan dengan menempatkan pemancar di Merauke dan penerima di Surabaya dengan jarak lintasan 3036 km. Subsistem penerima diuji pada frekuensi 9, 11, dan 27 MHz dengan pengiriman sinyal pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) yang akan diterima menggunakan antena HF dipole dan kemudian didemodulasi dengan IQ Demodulator menggunakan perangkat Universal Software Radio Peripherals (USRP) dan LabVIEW. Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan bahwa sinyal yang didemodulasi QPSK memiliki perbedaan fasa antara sinyal I dan Q dengan jumlah 1 periode sequence adalah 62 bit. Daya pancar rata-rata yang diterima oleh receiver berdasarkan perhitungan adalah -27,76 dBm sedangkan pada pengukuran adalah -33,83 dBm. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh redaman yang terjadi pada lapisan F, serta jarak pengukuran yang masih dalam jarak medan dekat reaktif dan radiati

Budgeting based on need: a model to determine sub-national allocation of resources for health services in Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Allocating national resources to regions based on need is a key policy issue in most health systems. Many systems utilise proxy measures of need as the basis for allocation formulae. Increasingly these are underpinned by complex statistical methods to separate need from supplier induced utilisation. Assessment of need is then used to allocate existing global budgets to geographic areas. Many low and middle income countries are beginning to use formula methods for funding however these attempts are often hampered by a lack of information on utilisation, relative needs and whether the budgets allocated bear any relationship to cost. An alternative is to develop bottom-up estimates of the cost of providing for local need. This method is viable where public funding is focused on a relatively small number of targeted services. We describe a bottom-up approach to developing a formula for the allocation of resources. The method is illustrated in the context of the state minimum service package mandated to be provided by the Indonesian public health system. METHODS: A standardised costing methodology was developed that is sensitive to the main expected drivers of local cost variation including demographic structure, epidemiology and location. Essential package costing is often undertaken at a country level. It is less usual to utilise the methods across different parts of a country in a way that takes account of variation in population needs and location. Costing was based on best clinical practice in Indonesia and province specific data on distribution and costs of facilities. The resulting model was used to estimate essential package costs in a representative district in each province of the country. FINDINGS: Substantial differences in the costs of providing basic services ranging from USD 15 in urban Yogyakarta to USD 48 in sparsely populated North Maluku. These costs are driven largely by the structure of the population, particularly numbers of births, infants and children and also key diseases with high cost/prevalence and variation, most notably the level of malnutrition. The approach to resource allocation was implemented using existing data sources and permitted the rapid construction of a needs based formula that is highly specific to the package mandated across the country. Refinement could focus more on resources required to finance demand side costs and expansion of the service package to include priority non-communicable services

Hierarchically Porous ZSM-5 Synthesized by Nonionic- and Cationic-Templating Routes and Their Catalytic Activity in Liquid-Phase Esterification

Hierarchically porous MFI zeolites (ZSM-5) have been synthesized by hydrothermal treatment in the presence of trialkoxysilylated-derivatives of nonionic poly(oxyethylene) alkyl ether or alkyl quaternary ammonium cation as mesopore-generating agent, along with tetrapropylammonium cation as zeolite structure-directing agent. Powder X-ray diffraction revealed that zeolites have been crystallized, and scanning electron microscopy showed rugged surface morphology that was quite different from conventional ZSM-5. The mesoporosity was confirmed by nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement showing type IV isotherms with narrow distribution of mesopore diameters. The catalytic activity of these mesoporous ZSM-5 was tested in liquid-phase esterification of benzyl alcohol with hexanoic acid. The conversion of benzyl alcohol on mesoporous ZSM-5 prepared via cationic-templating route was almost 100%, being much higher than on mesoporous ZSM-5 prepared with silylated nonionic surfactant as well as on conventional ZSM-5 with no mesopores. The presence of Brønsted acid sites, together with the mesopores, was responsible for this catalytic conversion, as confirmed by pyridine adsorption monitored by in situ infrared and 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy