Basic soil properties (0–15 cm) under rice cultivars after rice harvest in 2011.

<p>LY, super rice cultivar; ⅡY, hybrid rice cultivar. CEC, cation exchange capacity.</p><p>Different lowercase characters indicate significant difference at <i>p</i><0.05.</p><p>Basic soil properties (0–15 cm) under rice cultivars after rice harvest in 2011.</p

Root suberin diacid concentrations (mean ± SE, n = 9) of rhizosphere and bulk soils under rice calculated on average of the measurements across the growing stages.

<p>Total DAs: concentration of all monomers of ΣC_16:0 DAs, C_18:1 DA and, C_18:0 DA. Different low case letters represent significant difference at <i>p</i><0.05 between bulk and rhizosphere samples.</p

Root biomarker concentrations and soil organic matter measured in carbon (mean ± SE, n = 3) in the soil under rape seed.

<p>S3, before transplantation of rape seed (after harvest of the rice), R2, at harvest of rape seed; RH, the rhizosphere soil; BS, bulk soil; LY, super rice; ⅡY, hybrid rice. LY–R, super rice-rape rotation; ⅡY–R, hybrid rice-rape rotation. Different letters represent different statistical class among the cultivars at <i>p</i><0.05.</p

The relationship between concentrations of total diacids and of SOM-C of bulk soil (0–15 cm) (A) and of rhizosphere (B) after rape seed harvest.

<p>Total DAs, total concentrations summarized of ΣC_16:0 DA, C_18:1 DA, C_18:0 DA C_20:0 DA and C_22:0 DA.</p

Cultivars design of rice and rape cultivation of 2011–2012 used in this study.

<p>Cultivars design of rice and rape cultivation of 2011–2012 used in this study.</p

GC–MS chromatograms of the major molecules extracted from rice root, rape root and soil.

<p>GC–MS chromatograms of the major molecules extracted from rice root, rape root and soil.</p

Soil organic matter pools of bulk soil (0–15cm) under the two cultivars after rice harvest in 2011.

<p>LY, super rice cultivar; ⅡY, hybrid rice cultivar. SOM-C, POM-C and DOM-C, measured in carbon of total, particulate and dissolved organic matter; MBC, microbial biomass carbon.</p><p>Different lowercase characters indicate significant difference between cultivars at <i>p</i><0.05.</p><p>Soil organic matter pools of bulk soil (0–15cm) under the two cultivars after rice harvest in 2011.</p