The reactions and attitudes of Africans in Southern Ghana to the British colonial policy of indirect rule, 1925-1951

This study is concerned with examining, investigating and assessing the nature and significance of the protest and resistance of both urban and rural Africans in Southern Ghana, or what used to be called the Gold Coast Colony, to the British colonial policy of Indirect Rule during the second quarter of this century.It has been argued that there were various factors which frustrated and made it impossible to establish a successful system of Indirect Rule in the Gold Coast Colony, One such factor was that the Akan political system was characteristically democratic in theory and practice. By contrast, Indirect Rule was by nature authoritarian and autocratic. In short, the democratic Akan political system and the autocratic Indirect Rule system were contradictory and could not possibly co-exist.Furthermore, in their opposition to the Indirect Rule system, the African leadership maintained that the chiefs* rights of jurisdiction were inherent in them by virtue of the position to which they had been elected by their people and they denied that they were derived from or exercisable at the will of the Crown. They argued that the Gold Coast was not conquered or ceded and thus the British Crown could not claim sovereignty over the chiefs. The result was that British legislation in the Gold Coast avoided, until 19hh, any explicit commitment to the absolute sovereignty of the Crown.In addition, Western education, Christianity, economic growth and the activities of the press, all tended to weaken the authority of the chiefs and consequently contributed to the failure of Indirect Rule. The educated Africans - used here loosely to refer to both the intelli¬ gentsia and the semi-educated "youngraen" - came out strongly against the Indirect Rule system because, in their opinion, it tended to turn the balance of political power in favour of the chiefa. The educated Africans could not accept this as they considered themselves, and not the chiefs, destined to the political leadership of the country.It must be stressed, however, that the educated Africans were not against chieftaincy; their respect for the position of the chiefs as a representative of the stool was never in question. It was in fact very misleading in the Gold Coast to speak of "detribalised" or "de¬ nationalised* Africans. Indeed one reason why chieftaincy survived in Ghana was apparently due to the fact that even the educated elements showed a great respect for it.A second reason why chieftaincy survived was that under the customary constitution the people possessed the power to destool their chiefs. If the people felt that their chief had defied their wishes and supported unpopular colonial policies, they would simply destool him. Thus, fearing destoolment, the chiefs avoided close identification with or integration into the colonial system.Finally, some credit must also be given to the chiefs themselves in preserving the dignity and prestige of chieftaincy. First, some of the chiefs tried to accommodate themselves with educational and social changes by seeking to educate themselves and their heir-apparents. Secondly, some of the chiefs were very prominent in the leadership of the nationalist movement.Besides investigating the role of the educated Africans, an attempt has been made in this study to throw new light on the role of the rural people in the development of Ghanaian nationalism. It has been argued that the rural people had a long and impressive record of anti-colonial protest. What Nkrumah did was to exploit this discontent and dissatis¬ faction among the rural people and use it for his cause.Finally, the study has explained and demonstrated that Africans* anti-colonial protest, which took different forms, ranging from passive resistance to "disturbances" and "riots", was organised, forceful and above all successful. As a result, Indirect Rule policies such as the Provincial Councils system, the Native Administration Ordinance, direct taxation, the stool treasuries system, etc., were seriously challenged and frustrated. In short, as a result of this African anti-colonial protest, the classic application of Indirect Rule of the type developed by Lugard in Northern Nigeria was never successfully applied in the Gold Coast Colony

PEMBELAJARAN AL-QUR’AN DI MTS YUPPI MUSI RAWAS (Analisis Strategi Guru dalam Pembelajaran Tahfidz Al-Qur’an Siswa)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan strategi guru dalam pembelajaran Al-Qur’an di MTs YUPPI Musi Rawas, serta untuk menjelaskan faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pembelajaran guru dan siswa Al-Qur’an di MTs YUPPI Musi Rawas. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitia kualitatif, sumber data diperoleh dari kepala sekolah, guru dan siswa, adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: pertama, Pelaksanaan pembelajaran Al-Qur’an, MTs YUPPI Musi Rawas telah menerapkan strategi dalam pemhbelajarannya. Strategi tersebut dimulai sejak tahun ajaran baru. Metode penyampaian dalam pembelajarannya menggunkan model sorogan dan kalsikal. Kedua, Faktor pendukung antara lain: terpenuhinnya jumlah guru yang berpengalaman, kreatif dan aktif dalam mengajar, Motivasi siswa yang tinggi dalam belajar, Program kegiatan yang menunjang dalam pembelajaran Al-Qur’an, tersediannya media pembalajaran, lingkungan yang kondusif. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah: Menurunnya kualiatas guru dari segi intelektualitas, pengalaman dan senioritas, Kurangnya rasa tanggung jawab dan jiwa pendidik dari guru, Jumlah guru luar lebih banyak dari pada guru di dalam pesantren, Menurunnya himmah/semangat siswa untuk belajar, Lemah dalam kurikulum dan metodologi pembelajaran, Minimnya dana oprasional untuk pengembangan

Enhancing destination image on tourism brochure of Barru Regency Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia: A tourism discourse perspective

Along with the growth of tourism, tourism brochure has become the main resource for assessing information about the potential tourist destinations. Hence tourism brochure is a highly significant domain in enhancing destination image, which is posing challenges for the tourism industry. By focusing on the tourism brochure of Barru Regency Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia, this paper attempts to examine how the tourism brochures portray the tourist attractions of the country. Adopting a discourse approach, the analysis was carried out on both language and visual elements. This paper discusses the lack of research on tourism promotional media, particularly on the effects of language and visual elements in tourism brochure in enhancing the destination\u27s image and reproducing discourses for the tourists. Using discourse analysis, text and visual imaginary from tourism brochures are selected for investigation. Lexical and syntactical choices in the brochures are the focus of textual analysis. Accordingly, main concepts in visual analysis such as modality and salience are also reviewed. The finding shows that language and visual imaginary are the important elements employed in the tourism brochures of Barru Regency, yet do not manage to represent the destination fully

THE APPLICATION OF SPEED READING AT INTERMEDIATE LEVEL (A Case Study of Qualitative Research in One of Senior High School at Majalengka)

Muhammad Salim Pajri. 14111330143. THE APPLICATION OF SPEED READING AT INTERMEDIATE LEVEL (A Case Study of Qualitative Research in One of Senior High School at Majalengka) Reading is the important things in education, because people can get knowledge and information from reading. Without reading people cannot absorb many sciences. Here, the researcher use speed reading technique as the tool of analyzing to know the learning and teaching process at intermediate level. Moreover, the aims of this research are (1). To know the teaching and learning process of speed reading. (2). To know students’ attitude towards teaching and learning speed reading. (3). To know overcome of the difficulties of speed reading. Theoretically, is regarding to the reading area, especially in the reading comprehension by using speed reading technique. Practically, the researcher will analyze of speed reading in one of Senior High School at Majalengka which has benefit for teacher to know students’ ability in school. The research finding and discussion told about the teaching and learning process of speed reading at intermediate level. There are three activities of speed reading techniques. (1) Preparation Activity: teacher begins with greetings, deliver material and prepare students by warming up to focuss in learning process. (2) Core Activity: teacher teaches all the materials of speed reading. (3) Follow-up Activity: teacher gives exercise as the activity to know students score of speed reading test. The result of the analysis shows there are 5 students’ attitude towards teaching and learning speed reading. then, the finding shows that (1). Students’ feeling towards teaching and learning using speed reading in general: students like speed reading then also comfortable. (2). Students’ feeling towards the process of teaching and learning speed reading: they get comprehension of this technique. (3). Students’ difficulties in learning using speed reading: there are unfamiliar word on athe text. (4). Students’ feeling towards their comprehension in learning using speed reading: they get purpose in speed reading learning. (5). Students’ motivation in learning using speed reading: they can read books in fast time. It was found the overcome of difficulties of speed reading technique they are the process of the teaching speed reading and response the students’ response towards it, difficulties, disadvantages and teaching using speed reading technique and the result, usefulness, critics, and suggestions of teaching using speed reading technique. From the research that has been done, it can be concluded that there is way to apply speed reading by using steps of speed reading. From this technique will increase students’ ability in reading process. It can help students to read fast and efficient time. Keywords: Reading Comprehension, Speed Reading, Intermediate Leve

PENGARUH NILAI YANG DITERIMA, KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN CITRA PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN(Pada Pengguna Ponsel Samsung Android)

PENGARUH NILAI YANG DITERIMA, KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN CITRA PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN(Studi Kasus Pada Pengguna Ponsel Samsung Android)MUHAMMAD IQBAL SALIMFakultas Ekonomi Universitas Syiah KualaABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh nilai yang diterima, kualitas pelayanan dan citra perusahaan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Yang menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah para pengguna ponsel Samsung Android di Banda Aceh. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 responden. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif yang didapat dari penyebaran kuisioner kepada 100 responden yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling yaitu dengan menetapkan beberapa pertimbangan dan kriteria tertentu dalam menentukan sampel. Penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan program IBM SPSS 19.0. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji statistik yaitu secara parsial (uji-t) dan secara simultan (uji F) dengan tingkat signifikansi (?) sebesar 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen yang terdiri dari variabel nilai yang diterima (X1) kualitas pelayanan (X2) dan citra perusahaan (X3) berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas pelanggan (Y), baik secara parsial (uji-t) maupun secara simultan (uji F). Maka dari itu hipotesis dalam penelitian ini diterima.Kata Kunci : Nilai Yang Diterima, Kualitas Pelayanan, Citra Perusahaan, Loyalitas Pelanggan.?ABSTRACTThis Study aims to measure the influences of perceived value, service quality and corporate image on costumer loyalty Android Samsung Phone user in Banda Aceh. The subjects in this study were costumer Android Samsung Phone user in Banda Aceh . The number of respondent in this study was 100 respondents. The data used in this study was quantitative data obtained by the distribution of the questionare to 100 respondents conducted using the purposive sampling method with decide some opinion and criteria sure destine of sample. This study used multiple linear regressions with the aid of the IBM SPSS 19.0 program. Hipothesis testing was done by using statiscal testing, that is partial (t-test) and simultaneous (F test), with a significance level (?) of 5%. The results showed that the independent variables consisting of the variables perceived value (X1), service quality (X2) and corporate image (X3) affect intention to customer loyalty(Y) Android Samsung Phone user in Banda Aceh, both partially (t-test) and simultaneously (F test). And then this Research hiphothes in this study has accepted.Key Words : Perceived Value, Service Quality, Corporate Image, Customer Loyalty.Banda Ace

PENERAPAN E-COMMERCE DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING PRODUK KONVEKSI UMKM

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penerapan e-commerce dalam meningkatkan daya saing produk konveksi pada UMKM Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi sedangkan analisis data menggunakan induktif-deduktif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ada beberapa motivasi yang mendorong para pengusaha konveksi di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus untuk menggunakan layanan e-commerce. Motivasi-motivasi tersebut antara lain adalah mengikuti trand, mempermudah pemasaran dan transaksi, memperbanyak konsumen, dan faktor efisiensi waktu dan biaya dalam pemasaran. Dalam menggunakan layanan e-commerce, para pengusaha konveksi di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus memiliki strategi tersendiri, antara lain memberikan pelayanan yang baik dan respon yang cepat kepada pembeli, menawarkan harga terbaik dan potongan harga, giat berpromosi kepada rekan dan kenalan, serta menampilkan foto barang dan deskripsi yang jelas agar pelanggan merasa tertarik dan yakin dengan kondisi barang yang ia pesan

Performance evaluation in terms of congestion and flow control of interconnected token ring local area networks

In an interconnected network, if user demands are allowed to exceed the system capacity, unpleasant congestion effects occur which rapidly neutralize the delay and efficiency advantages. Congestion can be eliminated by using an appropriate set of traffic monitoring and control procedures called flow control procedures. This thesis first investigates the major technical concepts underlying the token-ring technology; performance and flow control issues and then gives an approximate analytical solution in terms of mean end-toned delay in a system of token-ring local area network interconnected through bridges. The analytical solution is based on an approximation of the mean end-to-end delay in a stand alone LAN and then extended by approximating the arrival rates at the bridges as a function of the throughput of each sub network. Besides throughput and delay, a more compact form of performance measure called power has also been in the study

STUDI KOMPARASI ANTARA EKSPERIMEN NYATA DENGAN EKSPERIMEN SIMULASI TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN FISIKA PADA POKOK BAHASAN GERAK HARMONIK SEDERHANA

Providing material in theory and experiments in physics learning to students is very important and must be balanced. Besides that students are aware of a concept that has been created by scientists in physics, but also clear and understood the concept both theoretically and experimentally. In this study, will compare student learning outcomes after a given learning in real experiments and simulation experiments on simple harmonic motion of the subject.Data collection method used is the questionnaire method tests. Test method consists of pretest and posttest are used to determine students' learning achievement physics. Test instruments used are validity with product moment correlation technique, reliability testing with formula Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20), difficulty level test, and test different power. For the prerequisite data analysis in this study to test for normality using the formula Chi-Square and homogeneity test using Bartlett's test. The data obtained are then processed with the hypothesis test using t-test formula.The results of data analysis showed that there are significant differences between real experimental learning methods with experimental simulation of the physics students' achievement of learning comprehension. This is indicated by the acquisition of the t value of 2.460 while ttable at 5% significance level with 32 degrees of freedom is 1.691. The increase in the average score of student achievement (posttest) showed that student achievement using real experimental method 1.77 higher than on student achievement using simulation experiments 0.74, so the proposed hypothesis can be accepted. 

Maqasid As-Sharia Hifz Al-Bi'ah in Responding to the Policy of the Cement Factory In Pati

This article discusses the policy on the plan to build a cement factory in Pati Regency which triggered a long conflict between PT Sahabat Mulia Saktin as the corporation, the Pati Regency Government, and the society around the Kendeng Mountains in Pati, which was analyzed interdisciplinary based on the approach of public policy reasoning and maqashid sharia hifzu al-bi' ah. The academic problem in this study is that, there are differences basic paradigms behind the actions of each of these parties. This research is a literature study with a qualitative-descriptive method. The data are taken from previous research publications, online news as well as trusted online sites. Meanwhile, in the analysis process the method of Miles and Huberman is use maximally. The results of the analysis process concluded that the genealogy of the public policy formulation process was carried out starting from the agenda setting (2010), legitimacy and formalization (2010 – 2011), implementation (2011 – 2014), and, policy evaluation (2015-present). By using maqashid sharia hifzu al-bi'ah reasoning, it is concluded objectively and neutrally that policies tend to lead to claims of mafsadah (badness). A recommendation worth considering is the initiation of the ijtihad  jama'i forum by presenting expert sources in various relevant fields, far from political interests and subjectivity, so that alternative benefits are formulated for the phenomenon of policy and conflict in cement factories