Competency of Chemistry Teachers Based on Self-Evaluation to Plan the Chemistry Teacher Training Strategy in Palu City, Central Sulawesi

The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the pedagogical, personal, social and professional competence of chemistry teachers in Palu City. This study used descriptive method with document study and interview techniques. The results of study showed the competency of chemistry teachers in Palu City was 74. The pedagogical competency score was 71 with the implementation of assessment, process evaluation, and learning outcomes with a value of 66 as a low sub competency. The personality competency score was 81 with self-presentation as a stable, stable, fair and authoritative person with a score of 77 as a low sub competency. Social competence score was 74 with communication with the professional community itself and other professions verbally and in writing or other forms with a value of 67 as a low sub competency. The professional competence score was 70 in the development of professionalism on an ongoing basis by taking reflective actions with a value of 66 as a low sub competency. The number of chemistry teachers who still need to improve pedagogical competence was 33 (87%), in personality competence was 15 (61%), in social competence was 25 (66%), and in professional competence was 33 (87%).  It can be concluded that strategies to increase the competency of chemistry teachers in Palu City were direct mentoring by school principals and supervisors, training at the MGMP level, Education Office, LPMP, P4TK and LPTK, IHT, Workshop, and Technical guidance. The presentation model of training material is connected, scientific and character. Keywords: competency, mapping, self-evaluation, chemistry teachers DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-6-11 Publication date: February 29th 202

Penerapan Pembelajaran Aktif Berbasis Tugas Proyek untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas VII B SMP Kristen 2 Salatiga Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 Active Learning Application Based On Project Assignment In Improving Science Learning Results Of Stu

The purpose of this study is to find out the active learning application based on project assignment in improving science learning results of students in VII B class of SMP Kristen 2 Salatiga and to find out the improvement of the science learning results of students in VII B class of SMP Kristen 2 Salatiga throuh applying the active learning based on the project assignment. This study was done in SMP Kristen 2 Salatiga by using 21 students in this school as the subjects. The method applied in this study is the descriptive analysis method with the data collection instruments such as questionnaires, pbservation sheets and interview. The results of this study show that the active learning model based on the project assignment could improve students\u27 cognitive, psychomotor and affective learning results. Based on the students\u27 cognitive learning results, the students\u27 percentage fulfilling the minimum criteria (KKM) in cycle 1 is 66.67% and it improves into 90.47% in cycle 2. Based on the students\u27 psychomotor learning results, the students\u27 percentage fulfilling the minimum criteria (KKM) with a good criterion (≥ 25) in cycle 1 is 76.19% and it improves into 100% in cycle 2. Based on the students\u27 affective learning results, the students\u27 percentage fulfilling the minimum criteria (KKM) with a good criterion (≥ 25) in cycle 1 is 80.95% and it improves into 100% in cycle 2

A review on radiation-induced nucleation and growth of colloidal metallic nanoparticles

This review presents an introduction to the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles by radiation-induced method, especially gamma irradiation. This method offers some benefits over the conventional methods because it provides fully reduced and highly pure nanoparticles free from by-products or chemical reducing agents, and is capable of controlling the particle size and structure. The nucleation and growth mechanism of metallic nanoparticles are also discussed. The competition between nucleation and growth process in the formation of nanoparticles can determine the size of nanoparticles which is influenced by certain parameters such as the choice of solvents and stabilizer, the precursor to stabilizer ratio, pH during synthesis, and absorbed dose

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Tradisi Pemberian Belehan Perspektif ‘Urf di Desa Megale Kedungadem Bojonegoro

Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian terhadap tradisi belehan di desa Megale Kedungadem Bojonegoro. Metode penulisan ini berupa deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian lapangan (field research) melalui metode wawancara mendalam terhadap subyek untuk mendapatkan informasi secara langsung. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pemberian belehan di Desa Megale Kedungadem Bojonegoro merupakan pemberian hewan ternak dari pihak laki-laki kepada perempuan asli Megale yang akan dinikahi. Hal ini bukan merupakan suatu kewajiban dalam pernikahan, tetapi sudah menjadi tradisi sehingga jika tradisi ini tidak dilaksanakan maka si pelaku akan dikenai sanksi sosial berupa gunjingan dari masyarakat sekitar. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tradisi belehan yang dilaksanakan di Desa Megale Kecamatan Kedungadem Kabupaten Bojonegoro termasuk kategori ‘urf shahih sehingga tradisi ini boleh dilaksanakan karena tidak melanggar ajaran Islam. Jika dilihat dari segi bentuknya tradisi belehan di Desa Megale termasuk kategori ‘urf ‘amali, karena merupakan tradisi yang berupa perbuatan. Sedangkan jika ditinjau dari segi cakupannya tradisi belehan di Desa Megale termasuk kategori ‘urf khusus karena hanya berlaku di Desa Megale

Review of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor Technology: Effect of Different Parameters and Developments for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor has been recognized as an important wastewater treatment technology among anaerobic treatment methods. The objective of this study was to perform literature review on the treatment of domestic sewage using the UASB reactor as the core component and identifying future areas of research. The merits of anaerobic and aerobic bioreactors are highlighted and other sewage treatment technologies are compared with UASB on the basis of performance, resource recovery potential, and cost. The comparison supports UASB as a suitable option on the basis of performance, green energy generation, minimal space requirement, and low capital, operation, and maintenance costs. The main process parameters such as temperature, hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (OLR), pH, granulation, and mixing and their effects on the performance of UASB reactor and hydrogen production are presented for achieving optimal results. Feasible posttreatment steps are also identified for effective discharge and/or reuse of treated water

Regulation of Cadmium-Induced Proteomic and Metabolic Changes by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in Leaves of Brassica napus L.

It is evident from previous reports that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), like other known plant growth regulators, is effective in countering the injurious effects of heavy metal-stress in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The present study was carried out to explore the capability of ALA to improve cadmium (Cd2+) tolerance in B. napus through physiological, molecular, and proteomic analytical approaches. Results showed that application of ALA helped the plants to adjust Cd2+-induced metabolic and photosynthetic fluorescence changes in the leaves of B. napus under Cd2+ stress. The data revealed that ALA treatment enhanced the gene expressions of antioxidant enzyme activities substantially and could increase the expression to a certain degree under Cd2+ stress conditions. In the present study, 34 protein spots were identified that differentially regulated due to Cd2+ and/or ALA treatments. Among them, 18 proteins were significantly regulated by ALA, including the proteins associated with stress related, carbohydrate metabolism, catalysis, dehydration of damaged protein, CO2 assimilation/photosynthesis and protein synthesis/regulation. From these 18 ALA-regulated proteins, 12 proteins were significantly down-regulated and 6 proteins were up-regulated. Interestingly, it was observed that ALA-induced the up-regulation of dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, light harvesting complex photo-system II subunit 6 and 30S ribosomal proteins in the presence of Cd2+ stress. In addition, it was also observed that ALA-induced the down-regulation in thioredoxin-like protein, 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate, proteasome and thiamine thiazole synthase proteins under Cd2+ stress. Taken together, the present study sheds light on molecular mechanisms involved in ALA-induced Cd2+ tolerance in B. napus leaves and suggests a more active involvement of ALA in plant physiological processes than previously proposed

Potential of Duckweed (Lemna minor) for the Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate

Phytoextraction of zinc, copper, lead, iron, and nickel from landfill leachate by duckweed (L. minor) was investigated every 3 days over a period of 2 weeks. Bioconcentration factor and removal efficiency were also calculated. Results of this study proved that L. minor significantly reduced the concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate. Removal efficiency of L. minor, for all the metals, from landfill leachate was more than 70% with the maximum value for copper (91%). Reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) was observed by 39% and 47%, respectively. However, other physiochemical parameters like pH, total suspended solids, (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were reduced by 13%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. The value of bioconcentration factor (BCF) was less than 1 with the maximum figure for copper (0.84) and lead (0.81), showing that the plant is a moderate accumulator for these heavy metals. Duckweed (L. minor) appeared as a sustainable alternative candidate and is recommended for the treatment of landfill leachate waste water contaminants

Integration of occupation based intervention in hand injury rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial

Study design: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT).\ud \ud Introduction: Engagement in daily occupations and day to day activities helps to restore function in individuals with injured hands and provides a platform to practise selected occupations.\ud \ud Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a combination of Occupation Based Intervention (OBI) and Therapeutic Exercise (TE) compared to TE alone for the rehabilitation of hand injuries.\ud \ud Method: A single center RCT, parallel group was conducted at the Kuala Lumpur General Hospital (KLGH), Malaysia. Forty-six adult clients with hand injuries who consented to participate were randomly allocated to either the OBI + TE group or to the TE group.\ud \ud Results: Following a ten week intervention program, statistical significance differences were found in DASH score (TE = 18.64 ± 14.84 vs OBI + TE = 9.50 ± 9.14, p = 0.02); total active motion (TE = 1035.85 ± 179.84 vs OBI + TE = 1203.65 ± 133.60, p = 0.01); neuropathic pain (TE = 2.90 ± 2.79 vs OBI + TE = 1.05 ± 2.01, p = 0.02); COPM performance (TE = 7.62 ± 2.03 vs OBI + TE = 9.53 ± 0.64, p < 0.001); and COPM satisfaction (TE = 7.60 ± 2.11 vs OBI + TE = 9.49 ± 0.76, p < 0.001) in favor of OBI + TE group.\ud \ud Conclusion: This study highlighted the integration of OBI into hand injury rehabilitation improved outcomes for clients.\ud \ud Level of evidence: 1b