Optimal economic and emission dispatch of photovoltaic integrated power system using firefly algorithm

The main purpose of Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is to determine the optimal output of generating units to meet the power demand at lowest possible cost and subjected to the operational constraints. Various ELD optimization methods have been developed in order to deal with the challenges of continuous and sustainable power at optimal cost. The deficiency of fossil fuel reserve and rapid increase of fuel prices to generate electricity has encouraged the use of Renewable Energy (RE). Furthermore, concerns over environmental pollution also become a factor to incorporate the RE and fossil fuel in generating electricity. This project propose the Firefly Algorithm (FA) to solve Economic and Emission Load Dispatch (EELD) problems that consists of photovoltaic systems. The FA algorithm is used to determine the optimal cost and emission levels of power generation. The test case considered in this project is Static Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch (SCEED) that been simulated for each hour. The test system with 6 units of thermal generator and 13 units of PV generator are used to optimize SCEED problem by using FA. The Weight Sum Method (WSM) approach is used to determine the best compromise solution among the cost and emission. It found that FA can provide the fast convergence in finding the global minima value. It can be concluded that FA can solve the problem of economic and emission dispatch accurately

THE IMPLICATURE AND VIOLATION OF MAXIMS IN INDONESIAN ADVERTISEMENTS

We all know that advertising is a business in which language is used to persuade people to do things (e.g., buy some product) and / or believe things (believing that the value of the product is trustworthy or a good one). The phenomenon, however, is that we tend to doubtthe truth conditions of the advertisements. In other words, we do not take those ads seriously. We are not very affected emotionally yet we are just amused and regard them as entertaining fallacies (e.g. the “AXE” male perfume). Some reasons might verify this fact. However, this paper is just concerned with the language phenomenon existing in theadvertisement world. A common shared perspective on the advertisement language within Indonesian ads is, among others, bombastic, hyperbolic, and many times, irrational. Not the least, most of the ads have a similar tendency to “violate” the language as long as theproduct sells. Apparently, Indonesian ads are apt to employ indirect language(‘implicature’) in their emulating their own product and devaluing their competitor’s product (e.g. the then Yahama’s “Yang Lain Makin Ketinggalan”). Upon these intriguing facts, this paper attempts to highlight general features of Indonesian advertisements in termsof (1) the violation of Grice’s conversational maxims (rules and norms) and (2) implicature(extended meaning). Alternating a more ‘acceptable’ model of ads could be a by-product ofthis paper

The effect of chemical treatment, fibre length, fibre content and injection moulding parameters to uv irradiation resistance of oil palm fibre reinforced composites

There are many types of polymer used in engineering materials expose to UV irradiation, such as automotive parts (car body, bumper, dashboard etc.) which can cause material degradation. Some polymers are used in pure polymer and some of them in composite material. This study has investigated the composite material degradation. In this study, polypropylene was used as a matrix of the composite material samples, while oil palm fibre as reinforcement. The effect of the fibre length, fibre content, fibre treatment, coupling agent and injection moulding parameter to ultraviolet (UV) light resistance of this composite and also the optimum setting of them were investigated. The UV resistance was examined via the change of mechanical properties after UV exposured in the UV accelerated weathering tester. The Linear regression models were generated for tensile strength, strain at maximum stress, break stress, break strain and Charpy Impact strength based on six different UV exposure time i.e.: 0, 96, 336, 504, 1008, and 1512 hours. The significance of the regression models were tested by Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and verified by two expose time i.e: 168 and 672 hours. This study found that all of the mechanical properties decrease after UV irradiated. The largest property decrease was break strain of the samples, which was decrease in the range 44.54% to 79.21% after 1512 hours UV irradiated. The lowest decrease was break stress in the range 27.38 % to 63.82%. It was also found in this study that fibre content, and UV irradiation time, significantly affect all properties. Coupling agent and alkali treatment significantly affect all properties except strain at maximum stress. Whereas fibre length and injection moulding parameter only significantly affect the Impact strength of the specimens. All of the regression models are significant which are signed by the p value of each of regression models were lower than 0.05. The equation for predicting the lifetime of UV exposed of oil palm fibre reinforced composite have been generated. The lifetime UV irradiated specimen can be predicted using this equation

Performance study of automatic transmit power control (ATPC) in point to point microwave link for rain attenuation problem in Malaysia

Point-to-point microwave system is the backbone link for mobile communication industry as well as for other applications. In tropical region particularly in Malaysia, rain attenuation is the major constraint for implementing microwave system above 10GHz. The extreme of propagation channel environment due to rain has brought to the research and development of an automatic transmit power control (ATPC) in microwave transceiver. ATPC varies the transmit power level in order to maintain the receive signal level (RSL) above the threshold for biterror- rate (BER) desired. This research project will cover three main scope of study. First estimated calculation of rain attenuation on terrestrial point-to-point microwave link based on rain data captured. This will involve the understanding and computational of rain attenuation modeling equation by ITU-R recommendation using the Matlab software. Second is the basic concept and operational of ATPC applied in transceiver module of microwave link. Finally the experimental performance analysis of ATPC on actual microwave link install in Celcom microwave network. The performance will be measured on receive signal level on the actual system with ATPC option enable and disable for a certain period of time with realtime rain faded signa

An exact evaluation of the Casimir energy in two planar models

The method of images is used to calculate the Casimir energy in Euclidean space with Dirichlet boundary conditions for two planar models, namely: i. the non-relativistic Landau problem for a charged particle of mass m for which - irrespective of the sign of the charge - the energy is negative, and ii. the model of a real, massive, noninteracting relativistic scalar field theory in 2 + 1 dimensions, for which the Casimir energy density is non-negative and is expressed in terms of the Lerch transcendent xxx and the polylogarithm xxx with 0 < xxx < 1 and n = 2, 3.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures,IMFP2009 conference,to appear in forthcoming AIP Conf.Proc.1150 Request:There are three mathematical symbols denoted by xxx in the abstract below which are otherwise present in the abstract of the submission.Could you please include them so that the abstract below is complet

Earning Motivation and The Conventional Earning Function

People have different motivation for having a paid job, and this might came from different expectation, value and also gender roles. Nevertheless, most analysis of earning determinant has neglected this possibility. Using data from Household, Income and Labour Dynamics (HILDA) in Australia in 2001 and 2004, this paper investigates the structure of human capital earning equation and its stability after controlling for earning motivation. The results suggest that some measure of earning motivation have effects. However, even after controlling for earning motivation, the returns to schooling and experience do not change significantly. This suggests that the conventional earning function is stable and robust with respect to the influences of earning motivation.return to education, earning motivation, wage, HILDA

Design optimization of ANN-based pattern recognizer for multivariate quality control

In manufacturing industries, process variation is known to be major source of poor quality. As such, process monitoring and diagnosis is critical towards continuous quality improvement. This becomes more challenging when involving two or more correlated variables or known as multivariate. Process monitoring refers to the identification of process status either it is running within a statistically in-control or out-of-control condition, while process diagnosis refers to the identification of the source variables of out-of-control process. The traditional statistical process control (SPC) charting scheme are known to be effective in monitoring aspects, but they are lack of diagnosis. In recent years, the artificial neural network (ANN) based pattern recognition schemes has been developed for solving this issue. The existing ANN model recognizers are mainly utilize raw data as input representation, which resulted in limited performance. In order to improve the monitoring-diagnosis capability, in this research, the feature based input representation shall be investigated using empirical method in designing the ANN model recognizer

Sikap keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar teknologi mekanikal kolej vokasional di Lembah Klang

Masih ramai pelajar tahun akhir di Institut Pengajian Tinggi yang belum membuat persiapan untuk menceburi bidang keusahawanan walaupun bilangan graduan yang masih menganggur ramai di alam pekerjaan. Masalah pengangguran pada masa kini boleh diatasi dengan menjadikan bidang keusahawanan sebagai satu kerjaya pilihan yang memberikan peluang yang cerah bagi menjana pendapatan. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji sikap keusahawanan pelajar Teknologi Mekanikal kolej vokasional menceburi bidang keusahawanan. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 274 orang pelajar semester 4 diploma di enam buah kolej vokasional iaitu KV Sungai Buloh, KV Klang, KV Shah Alam, KV Setapak, KV Sultan Abdul Samad Banting dan KV Kajang. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk penyelidikan tinjauan yang menggunakan borang soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian. Data yang diperolehi dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensi iaitu peratus dan frekuensi, ujian Mann Whitney U dan ujian Kruskall Wallis dan Korelasi Spearman rho. Dapatan kajian bagi objektif pertama menunjukkan sikap suka membantu merupakan sikap keusahawanan yang paling mempengaruhi kecenderungan menceburi bidang keusahawanan. Dapatan kajian bagi objektif kedua mendapati tidak wujud perbezaan di antara jantina pelajar lelaki dan.pelajar perempuan. Bagi objektif kajian yang ketiga, dapatan kajian menunjukkan wujud perbezaan di antara program-program di bawah Jabatan Teknologi Mekanikal. Dapatan kajian bagi objektif keempat menunjukkan tidak wujud perbezaan di antara kolej-kolej vokasional di Lembah Klang. Bagi analisis korelasi iaitu objektif yang kelima dalam kajian ini terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan positif di antara sikap keusahawanan dengan kecenderungan menceburi bidang keusahawanan. Kata kunci : Sikap, Keusahawanan, Kecenderungan Menceburi Bidang Keusahawana

The Scientific Revolution of Thomas Kuhn and Their Relevances for Humanization of Islamic Law

This paper tries to explore the views of Thomas Kuhn that science is moving through the stages that will culminate in normal conditions and then "rot" because it has been replaced by science or new paradigm. So next. The new paradigm threatens the old paradigm that had previously become the new paradigm. With this thinking concept, Thomas Kuhn is not just a major contribution in the history and philosophy of science, but more than that, he has initiated the theories that have broad implications in the social sciences, arts, politics, education and even religious sciences , provide an important contribution in order to project humanization Islamic sciences. in showing Islamic humanist deconstruction re the primary sources of Islam, namely the Qur\u27an and Tafseer already should keep abreast of the needs of Muslim humanist paradigm so that the functional interpretation theories and theories of literacy is very possible to grow, to challenge the needs of the times

Connecting the dots: information visualization and text analysis of the Searchlight Project newsletters

This report is the product of work by Azatuhi Ayrikyan and Pardee Faculty Fellow Muhammad H. Zaman, with support from the Pardee Center, looking at the role of governance in the creation of knowledge-based economies. By reviewing available information from national governments and international governance and financial organizations (i.e., various United Nations programs, the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation, the World Bank), Ayrikyan and Zaman have found connections between governance practices and a nation’s ability to develop and sustain the growth of a knowledge economy. The report includes several graphics illustrating the comparative measures used that support their findings, and it suggests that this work provides useful insights for policymakers and others interested in the economic development trajectories of developing countries