Efecto del priming fonologico en ninos con trastorno especifico del lenguaje

77 p.El trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL) es un tema estudiado desde diferentes perspectivas, no obstante en lo que se refiere a investigaciones en las cuales se presenten tareas lingüísticas en presencia de condición priminada existen pocos acercamientos. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar si los niños con TEL presentan un mayor tiempo de reacción frente a tareas de decisión léxica que los niños normales, mediante distintos tipos y grados de relación, empleando el recurso denominado priming. Para ello se seleccionó a un grupo de 17 niños que presentan diagnóstico de TEL (expresivo) de 7 años a 7 años 11 meses con sus controles pareados por edad cronológica y se comparó sus desempeños tanto a nivel intergrupal como intragrupal. Los resultados arrojan que los niños con TEL presentan mayores tiempos de respuestas que sus controles pareados por edad cronológica, no obstante los resultados no son estadísticamente significativos. Las implicancias y proyecciones son motivo de discusión

Automated Home Oxygen Delivery for Patients with COPD and Respiratory Failure: A New Approach

Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) has become standard care for the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other severe hypoxemic lung diseases. The use of new portable O-2 concentrators (POC) in LTOT is being expanded. However, the issue of oxygen titration is not always properly addressed, since POCs rely on proper use by patients. The robustness of algorithms and the limited reliability of current oximetry sensors are hindering the effectiveness of new approaches to closed-loop POCs based on the feedback of blood oxygen saturation. In this study, a novel intelligent portable oxygen concentrator (iPOC) is described. The presented iPOC is capable of adjusting the O-2 flow automatically by real-time classifying the intensity of a patient's physical activity (PA). It was designed with a group of patients with COPD and stable chronic respiratory failure. The technical pilot test showed a weighted accuracy of 91.1% in updating the O-2 flow automatically according to medical prescriptions, and a general improvement in oxygenation compared to conventional POCs. In addition, the usability achieved was high, which indicated a significant degree of user satisfaction. This iPOC may have important benefits, including improved oxygenation, increased compliance with therapy recommendations, and the promotion of PA

Efecto de la ausencia de hierro sobre el desarrollo radicular de plántulas de tomate cv Rosa cultivadas en hidropónico

El tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum) es una hortaliza que se utiliza tanto para consumo en fresco como para industria, en forma de conservas de frutos pelados, zumos concentrados, salsas, etc. La producción hortícola en España ocupa el segundo lugar en la producción vegetal de la rama agraria, siendo el tomate la hortaliza de mayor difusión y valor económico. Su demanda aumenta continuamente y con ella su cultivo, producción y comercio. El incremento anual de la producción en los últimos años se debe principalmente al aumento en el rendimiento y en menor proporción al aumento de la superficie cultivada. En países con climas templados como el nuestro, el cultivo del tomate se realiza al aire libre o en invernaderos, siendo cada vez más frecuente el cultivo hidropónico que ofrece la ventaja de poder aislar el cultivo del suelo que en ocasiones puede aportar salinidad, concentraciones inadecuadas de nitratos y otros minerales, humedad inadecuada, oxigenación pobre de las raíces y enfermedades. Por otra parte, la fertilización tiene un papel fundamental en la producción de tomate, al ser un cultivo que necesita buenas cantidades de ciertos elementos en fases puntuales, de manera que en nuestro plan de abonado resulta primordial aportar los nutrientes necesarios en el momento adecuado, y en caso de detectar una deficiencia corregirla a tiempo. Entre las carencias destaca la del hierro. La clorosis férrica se manifiesta por un amarilleamiento internervial de las hojas jóvenes, que puede dar lugar a una necrosis del limbo conforme va aumentando la carencia de este oligoelemento, llegando en casos de carencias agudas a una defoliación total o incluso la muerte de la planta. En el presente trabajo, se describirá y cuantificará el efecto producido por la carencia de hierro (clorosis férrica) sobre el desarrollo radicular y su relación con los síntomas en hojas en plántulas de tomate cultivadas en un sistema hidropónicoUniversidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería Agrícol

Measure to support credit and the financial sector in banking systems considered material for Spain

Artículo de revistaSince March 2020, the world’s major economies have approved financial and regulatory measures to limit the impact of the health crisis on both the overall economy and their respective financial systems. This paper summarises the measures implemented by countries outside the European Union and the euro area that are considered material for the Spanish banking system (the United Kingdom, the United States, Mexico, Brazil, Turkey, Chile, Peru and Colombia). It focuses particularly on the measures that remain in force, both those attempting to support the most vulnerable sectors affected by the pandemic (moratoria on loans to households, firms and other entities) and those intended to encourage lending and to support the financial system. The former set of measures has already expired in the vast majority of the countries considered, although some temporary easing of the solvency and liquidity requirements applicable under normal conditions remains in effect. Nonetheless, these measures will foreseeably come to an end in the near future (e.g. the reduced countercyclical buffer requirements and the deferred implementation of accounting and prudential standards)

Towards AER VITE: building spike gate signal

Neuromorphic engineers aim to mimic the precise and efficient mechanisms of the nervous system to process information using spikes from sensors to actuators. There are many available works that sense and process information in a spike-based way. But there are still several gaps in the actuation and motor control field in a spike-based way. Spike-based Proportional-Integrative-Derivative controllers (PID) are present in the literature. On the other hand, neuro-inspired control models as VITE (Vector Integration To End point) and FLETE (Factorization of muscle Length and muscle Tension) are also present in the literature. This paper presents another step toward the spike implementation of those neuro-inspired models. We present a spike-based ramp multiplier. VITE algorithm generates the way to achieve a final position targeted by a mobile robotic arm. The block presented is used as a gate for the way involved and it also puts the incoming movement on speed with a variable slope profile. Only spikes for information representation were used and the process is in real time. The software simulation based on Simulink and Xilinx System Generator shows the accurate adjust to the traditional processing for short time periods and the hardware tests confirm and extend the previous simulated results for any time. We have implemented the spikes generator, the ramp multiplier and the low pass filter into the Virtex-5 FPGA and connected this with an USB-AER (Address Event Representation) board to monitor the spikes.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TEC2009-10639-C04-0

Influència de la durada del set sobre les variables temporals de joc en el pàdel

L’objectiu d’aquest estudi va ser analitzar les variables temporals de temps de joc (TJ), temps de descans (TD) en pàdel de primera categoria regional i la seva relació entre elles, així com amb la variable contextual durada del set. Per a això es van analitzar 701 punts corresponents a semifinals i finals de diferents proves del circuit extremeny federat de primera categoria masculina disputats el 2014. L’anàlisi de les variables temporals corrobora que el pàdel és un esport on el TD predomina enfront del TJ, obtenint un temps real de joc del 45,92 % sobre el temps total; un TJ mitjà per punt de 12,70 segons i TD mitjà per punt de 14,95 segons. Es van trobar relacions significatives (p < 0,05) entre les variables temps de descans i número de joc del set. Finalment, es pot concloure que el TD està més influenciat per la durada del set que el TJ, i augmenta a mesura que avança el set

Antimicrobial defenses of table eggs: Importance of antibacterial proteins in egg white as a function of hen age in an extended production cycle

The importance of egg natural defences to prevent bacterial contamination and their relation with hen age in extended production cycles were evaluated. Egg-white from eggs of different hen age groups (up 100-weeks-old) and lines (Hy-Line white and brown) were inoculated with Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus or Gram-negative Salmonella Typhimurium, ranging from 103-106 CFU/mL. Our results show that concentrations of egg-white lysozyme and, particularly, ovotransferrin are important to modulate bacterial survival in a dose-dependent matter. Depending on protein concentration, their effect ranges from bactericidal to bacteriostatic, with a threshold for bacterial contamination that depends also on hen age and line. The concentrations of lysozyme and ovotransferrin increased with hen age (up to 2 and 22 w/w% of total protein, respectively), and eggs laid by older hens exhibited the greatest potential to prevent the growth of the highest Salmonella inoculum (106 CFU/ mL). Salmonella-penetration experiments demonstrated that non-contaminated eggs display significantly higher concentrations of antimicrobial proteins. However, eggs from older hens needed a higher concentration of these proteins (>20% ovotransferrin) to prevent bacterial contamination, showing that antimicrobial protein concentrations in egg-whites was not the only factor influencing bacterial contamination. Finally, this study demonstrated that egg-white of eggs produced by old hens are less prone to contamination by Salmonella.Spanish Government CGL 2015-64683-PPremio de Investigacion 2019 (Instituto del Huevo)Junta de Andalucia RNM-938Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) RGPIN2022-0441

Identification of Red Grapevine Cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) Preserved in Ancient Vineyards in Axarquia (Andalusia, Spain)

A prospecting work at the Axarquia region (Malaga, Spain) was carried out in order to identify local red grapevine cultivars preserved in ancient vineyards. A total of 11 accessions were collected in seven different plots from four municipalities and analyzed using 25 microsatellite loci for cultivar identification. The accessions analyzed were identified as eight different genotypes, seven of them corresponding to known cultivars as 'Cabernet Sauvignon', 'Jaen Tinto', 'Molinera', 'Monastrell', 'Muscat of Alexandria', 'Parrel', and 'Rome'. In addition, one of them is referred to as the new genotype for 'Cabriel' cultivar. Additionally, an ampelographic characterization was carried out with 30 International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) descriptors for two consecutive years for the eight accessions identified as local cultivars. This allowed the identification of a somatic variant of the 'Muscat of Alexandria' cultivar that affects the color of the berry and another of 'Rome' regarding bunch compactness

Betulinic Acid Hydroxamate is Neuroprotective and Induces Protein Phosphatase 2A-Dependent HIF-1α Stabilization and Post-transcriptional Dephosphorylation of Prolyl Hydrolase 2

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by unwanted choreatic movements, behavioral and psychiatric disturbances, and dementia. The activation of the hypoxic response pathway through the pharmacological inhibition of hypoxia-inducing factor (HIF) prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs) is a promising approach for neurodegenerative diseases, including HD. Herein, we have studied the mechanism of action of the compound Betulinic acid hydroxamate (BAH), a hypoximimetic derivative of betulinic acid, and its efficacy against striatal neurodegeneration using complementary approaches. Firstly, we showed the molecular mechanisms through which BAH modifies the activity of the PHD2 prolyl hydroxylase, thus directly affecting HIF-1α stability. BAH treatment reduces PHD2 phosphorylation on Ser-125 residue, responsible for the control of its hydrolase activity. HIF activation by BAH is inhibited by okadaic acid and LB-100 indicating that a protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is implicated in the mechanism of action of BAH. Furthermore, in striatal cells bearing a mutated form of the huntingtin protein, BAH stabilized HIF-1α protein, induced Vegf and Bnip3 gene expression and protected against mitochondrial toxin-induced cytotoxicity. Pharmacokinetic analyses showed that BAH has a good brain penetrability and experiments performed in a mouse model of striatal neurodegeneration induced by 3-nitropropionic acid showed that BAH improved the clinical symptoms. In addition, BAH also prevented neuronal loss, decreased reactive astrogliosis and microglial activation, inhibited the upregulation of proinflammatory markers, and improved antioxidant defenses in the brain. Taken together, our results show BAH’s ability to activate the PP2A/PHD2/HIF pathway, which may have important implications in the treatment of HD and perhaps other neurodegenerative diseases

An AER to CAN Bridge for Spike-Based Robot Control

Address-Event-Representation (AER) is a bio-inspired communication protocol between chips. A set of AER sensors (retina and cochleas), processors (convolvers, WTA, mappers, …) and actuators can be found in the literature that have been specifically designed for mimicking the communication principle in the brain: spikes. The problem when developing complex robots based on AER (or spikes) is to command actuators (motors) directly with spikes. Commercial robots are usually based on commercial standards (CAN) that do not allow powering actuators directly with spikes. This paper presents a co-design FPGA and embedded computer system that implements a bridge between these two protocols: CAN and AER. The bridge has been analyzed under the Spanish project VULCANO1 with an arm robot and a Shadow anthropomorphic hand.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TEC2009-10639-C04-0