SEOM clinical guidelines for pancreatic and biliary tract cancer (2020)

Chemotherapy; Radiotherapy; TreatmentQuimioterapia; Radioterapia; TratamientoQuimioteràpia; Radioteràpia; TractamentPancreatic cancer (PC) and biliary tract cancer (BTC) are both aggressive and highly fatal malignancies. Nowadays we have a profound knowledge about the molecular landscape of these neoplasms and this has allowed new therapeutic options. Surgery is the only potentially curative therapy in both cancers, but disease recurrence is frequent. In PC, adjuvant treatment with mFOLFIRINOX has improved overall survival (OS) and in BTC adjuvant treatment with capecitabine seems to improve OS and relapse-free survival. Concomitant radio-chemotherapy could also be considered following R1 surgery in both neoplasms. Neoadjuvant treatment represents the best option for achieving an R0 resection in borderline PC. Upfront systemic chemotherapy is the treatment of choice in unresectable locally advanced PC and BTC; then locoregional therapy could be considered after an initial period of at least 3–4 months of systemic chemotherapy. In metastatic PC, FOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel have improved OS compared with gemcitabine alone. In metastatic BTC, cisplatin plus gemcitabine constitute the standard treatment. Progress in the knowledge of molecular biology has enabled the identification of new targets for therapy with encouraging results that could in the future improve the survival and quality of life of patients with PC and BTC

Electrocoagulation as the key for an efficient concentration and removal of oxyfluorfen from liquid wastes

Electrocoagulation is usually applied to remove pollutants from the liquid phase, but in this work it is investigated to concentrate pollutants, with the final aim to get a later much more efficient treatment by electrolysis. Results obtained during the treatment of wastes polluted with commercial oxyfluorfen (Fluoxil) show that electrocoagulation exhibits a good efficiency in removing this model nonionic halogenated pesticide. It was observed that the chemicals contained in Fluoxil with higher solubility than oxyfluorfen are less efficiently removed, explaining the lower removal of TOC as compared to that of oxyfluorfen. An improvement in the design of the electrocoagulation was faced by increasing the amount of particles in the reactor, allowing one to deplete the pesticide concentration down to levels 2-log below the inlet concentration. The herbicide is concentrated in a solid phase, from where it can be released to a concentrated waste just by changing the pH

Physical properties of soil in the early stage of an agroforestry system in the High Andean zone

In Nariño, Colombia, land use has generated some problems such as erosion, compaction, lack of fertility, among others, so it is necessary to search for alternatives to mitigate these impacts. The objective of this study was to evaluate some physical properties of the soil in an agroforest system with Morella pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Wilbur with Smallanthussonchifolius (Poepp.) H.Rob, in the experimental farm of Botana, in the city of Pasto, Nariño, where the bulk density, real density, total porosity, structural stability properties and distribution of aggregates were analyzed. The datas were obtained in two phases: f1 and f2 before and after agroforestry system implementation, respectively. A randomized complete block design with three treatments and three replications were used. The treatments corresponded to plant densities, T1: S sonchifoliuos, sowed to 1x1m, T2:0.8x0.8m y T3:0.5x0.5m, with three replications. M pusescens was stablished to 4x4m between plants and 9 m between rows and the control (f1). The statistics have differences between f1 (control) and f2 (treatments), to the structural stability properties and distribution of aggregates. The ground suffered a structural stability change to stable lightly (0.97 D.P.M) in f1 to a stable moderate (2.53 D.P.M), in f2. The distribution of aggregates passed to 60% in f1 to 70.3% in f2, with a media aggregation status. The different agroforest systems management could help, in the long term, by improving the structure of the ground through the vegetal material of arboreal component, the application of a minimum farming and the addition of organic matter

Aprendizaje automático y métodos hedónicos en el mercado de autos usados en línea de Argentina

El presente trabajo utiliza métodos de machine learning para reducir el número de características determinantes del precio de automóviles usados en Argentina. Nos basamos en la especificación de un modelo de precios hedónicos en línea para los automóviles usados (Ramirez Muñoz del Toro et al ,2017). Específicamente aplicamos el método Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) y el Classification and Regression Tree (CART) junto a una estimación más tradicional de un modelo hedónico. Los datos fueron obtenidos de un sitio en línea. Mediante el uso de estas técnicas nos es posible realizar una selección de variables relevantes y explorar posibles no linealidades, que complementan el análisis de regresión tradicional.Fil: Gutierrez, Emiliano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Larrosa, Juan Manuel Ceferino. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Delbianco, Fernando Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Matemática. Instituto de Matemática Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía; ArgentinaFil: Uriarte, Juan I.. Hyperia Big Data; ArgentinaFil: Muñoz del Toro, Gonzalo. Hyperia Big Data; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Derecho; ArgentinaLIII Reunión Anual de la Asociación Argentina de Economía PolíticaLa PlataArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de La Plat

The 1989 and 2015 outbursts of V404 Cygni: a global study of wind-related optical features

The black hole transient V404 Cygni exhibited a bright outburst in June 2015 that was intensively followed over a wide range of wavelengths. Our team obtained high time resolution optical spectroscopy (~90 s), which included a detailed coverage of the most active phase of the event. We present a database consisting of 651 optical spectra obtained during this event, that we combine with 58 spectra gathered during the fainter December 2015 sequel outburst, as well as with 57 spectra from the 1989 event. We previously reported the discovery of wind-related features (P-Cygni and broad-wing line profiles) during both 2015 outbursts. Here, we build diagnostic diagrams that enable us to study the evolution of typical emission line parameters, such as line fluxes and equivalent widths, and develop a technique to systematically detect outflow signatures. We find that these are present throughout the outburst, even at very low optical fluxes, and that both types of outflow features are observed simultaneously in some spectra, confirming the idea of a common origin. We also show that the nebular phases depict loop patterns in many diagnostic diagrams, while P-Cygni profiles are highly variable on time-scales of minutes. The comparison between the three outbursts reveals that the spectra obtained during June and December 2015 share many similarities, while those from 1989 exhibit narrower emission lines and lower wind terminal velocities. The diagnostic diagrams presented in this work have been produced using standard measurement techniques and thus may be applied to other active low-mass X-ray binaries.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 23 pages paper, plus a 9 pages appendix with extra tables and figures. 18 figures are included in the paper and 8 in the appendi

La influencia de la práctica musical escolar en factores y habilidades asociados a la inserción social

106 p. La siguiente tesis no es autorizada por el autor para su difusión en formato digitalEl siguiente trabajo de investigación, es para optar el título de Educación Musical de la Universidad de Talca y se enmarca en el aporte que generala participación en una orquesta infantil juvenil del punto de vista de las habilidades asociadas a la inserción social en un establecimiento educacional, en este caso el Colegio María Raquel de Talca. Para la toma de muestras en el colegio, establecimos aplicar una encuesta a estudiantes desde tercero básico hasta octavo básico, un total de 163 encuestados, además se entrevistó al director y ex directora del establecimiento, la profesora de música y directora de la orquesta para indagar levemente en la posible existencia de los diferentes tipos de liderazgo. El resultado obtenido en esta investigación muestra una positiva relación entre los estudiantes que participan del taller de orquesta y las manifestaciones de habilidades y factores mencionados anteriormente

Cancer-Associated Thrombosis : Beyond Clinical Practice Guidelines-A Multidisciplinary (SEMI-SEOM-SETH) Expert Consensus

Altres ajuts: This work has been performed with an unrestricted grant from Aspen, Leo-Pharma, Laboratorios Farmacéuticos Rovi, and Sanofi.Despite the growing interest and improved knowledge about venous thromboembolism in cancer patients in the last years, there are still many unsolved issues. Due to the limitations of the available literature, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines are not able to give solid recommendations for challenging scenarios often present in the setting of cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). A multidisciplinary expert panel from three scientific societies-Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI), Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM), and Spanish Society Thrombosis and Haemostasis (SETH)-agreed on 12 controversial questions regarding prevention and management of CAT, which were thoroughly reviewed to provide further guidance. The suggestions presented herein may facilitate clinical decisions in specific complex circumstances, until these can be made leaning on reliable scientific evidence

Multivariable clinical-genetic risk model for predicting venous thromboembolic events in patients with cancer

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of death among patients with cancer. Outpatients with cancer should be periodically assessed for VTE risk, for which the Khorana score is commonly recommended. However, it has been questioned whether this tool is sufficiently accurate at identifying patients who should receive thromboprophylaxis. The present work proposes a new index, TiC-Onco risk score to be calculated at the time of diagnosis of cancer, that examines patients' clinical and genetic risk factors for thrombosis. We included 391 outpatients with a recent diagnosis of cancer and candidates for systemic outpatient chemotherapy. All were treated according to standard guidelines. The study population was monitored for 6 months, and VTEs were recorded. The Khorana and the TiC-Onco scores were calculated for each patient and their VTE predictive accuracy VTEs was compared. We recorded 71 VTEs. The TiC-Onco risk score was significantly better at predicting VTE than the Khorana score (AUC 0.73 vs. 0.58, sensitivity 49 vs. 22%, specificity 81 vs. 82%, PPV 37 vs. 22%, and NPV 88 vs. 82%). TiC-Onco risk score performed significantly better than Khorana score at identifying cancer patients at high risk of VTE who would benefit from personalised thromboprophylaxis