Costeo empaques de panela, planta de café Majavita.

The Majavita Coffee Plant operates at the Majavita Farm of the Socorro Sectional Free University, whose main activity is the production and processing of coffee. However, other activities are carried out in this one, such as the packaging of panela in sachets, which are distributed in the headquarters of the Socorro Section as sweeteners. The objective of this research is to determine the production costs involved in the production of panela packaging through the application of a costing system. In this case, two costs were applied: variable and totalEn la Hacienda Majavita de la Universidad Libre Seccional Socorro funciona la Planta de Café́ Majavita, la cual tiene como actividad principal la producción y procesamiento de café́. Sin embargo, en esta se desarrollan otras actividades como lo son el empaque de panela en sobres, los cuales se distribuyen en las sedes de la Seccional Socorro como endulzantes. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar los costos de producción que conllevan la producción de empaques de panela a través de la aplicación de un sistema de costeo. En este caso se aplicaron dos costeos: variable y total

Interpolación espacial de la precipitación media mensual en la cuenca del río Bravo/Grande

La precipitación es una de las principales variables climáticas empleadas para describir procesos hidrológicos; sin embargo, su representación espacial es difícil en áreas con efecto orográfico complejo y escasa disponibilidad de estaciones. En el presente estudio se analizaron datos mensuales de precipitación para representar de manera fiable la distribución espacial de la precipitación media mensual (PMM) en la cuenca del río Bravo/Grande (CRB). Se utilizaron datos de 201 estaciones climáticas ubicadas al interior y en los alrededores de la cuenca. Con la información del 60% de estaciones seleccionadas de forma aleatoria se ajustaron modelos de regresión múltiple para predecir la PMM a partir de la elevación, la complejidad del relieve, la proximidad de zonas marítimas y la localización geográfica de estaciones climáticas, que explicaron entre 70 y 82% la variabilidad espacial de la precipitación que ocurre durante los meses del periodo húmedo. Se obtuvieron mapas mensuales de PMM calibrados espacialmente con la interpolación de los residuales. Con el restante 40% de estaciones se llevaron a cabo pruebas de validación estadística antes y después de la calibración. Las pruebas de validación mostraron valores de eficiencia (EF) comprendidos entre 0.41 y 0.82, y valores porcentuales del error medio absoluto (%EMA) entre 19.1 y 39.5%, siendo los modelos del periodo comprendido entre mayo y agosto los de mejor capacidad predictiva. La calibración de los modelos mejoró de manera significativa la fiabilidad de las interpolaciones en la totalidad de los modelos (EF entre 0.60 y 0.90, y % EMA entre 16.2 y 30.1), permitiendo obtener coberturas geográficas fiables de alta resolución espacial y con potencial de poder considerarlas como variables de entrada en modelos orientados a evaluar procesos hidrológicos en la CRB

Crystal structure of HgGa2Se4 under compression

We report on high-pressure x-ray diffraction measurements up to 17.2 GPa in mercury digallium selenide (HgGa2Se4). The equation of state and the axial compressibilities for the low-pressure tetragonal phase have been determined and compared to related compounds. HgGa2Se4 exhibits a phase transition on upstroke toward a disordered rock-salt structure beyond 17 GPa, while on downstroke it undergoes a phase transition below 2.1 GPa to a phase that could be assigned to a metastable zinc-blende structure with a total cation-vacancy disorder. Thermal annealing at low- and high-pressure shows that kinetics plays an important role on pressure-driven transitions.This study was supported by the Spanish government MEC under grants nos: MAT2010-21270-C04-01/03/04 and CTQ2009-14596-C02-01, by the Comunidad de Madrid and European Social Fund (S2009/PPQ-1551 4161893), by MALTA Consolider Ingenio 2010 project (CSD2007-00045), and by the Vicerrectorado de Investigacion y Desarrollo of the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia (UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11). E.P.-G., J.L.-S., A.M., and P.R.-H. acknowledge computing time provided by Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and MALTA-Cluster.Gomis Hilario, O.; Vilaplana Cerda, RI.; Manjón, F.; Santamaría Pérez, D.; Errandonea, D.; Pérez González, E.; López Solano, J.... (2013). Crystal structure of HgGa2Se4 under compression. Materials Research Bulletin. 48:2128-2133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2013.02.037S212821334

Cuerpo y simbolismo amerindio: diseño museográfico y docente de la colección complutense del Museo de Arqueología y Etnología de América (MAEA, Facultad de Geografía e Historia) referida al cuerpo humano

Depto. de Historia de América y Medieval y Ciencias HistoriográficasFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEsubmitte

Gene signatures of early response to anti-TNF drugs in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

T. Around a 20–30% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are diagnosed before they are 18 years old. Anti-TNF drugs can induce and maintain remission in IBD, however, up to 30% of patients do not respond. The aim of the work was to identify markers that would predict an early response to anti-TNF drugs in pediatric patients with IBD. The study population included 43 patients aged <18 years with IBD who started treatment with infliximab or adalimumab. Patients were classified into primary responders (n = 27) and non-responders to anti-TNF therapy (n = 6). Response to treatment could not be analyzed in 10 patients. Response was defined as a decrease in over 15 points in the disease activity indexes from week 0 to week 10 of infliximab treatment or from week 0 to week 26 of adalimumab treatment. The expression profiles of nine genes in total RNA isolated from the whole-blood of pediatric IBD patients taken before biologic administration and after 2 weeks were analyzed using qPCR and the 2−∆∆Ct method. Before initiation and after 2 weeks of treatment the expression of SMAD7 was decreased in patients who were considered as non-responders (p value < 0.05). Changes in expression were also observed for TLR2 at T0 and T2, although that did not reach the level of statistical significance. In addition, the expression of DEFA5 decreased 1.75-fold during the first 2 weeks of anti-TNF treatment in responders, whereas no changes were observed in non-responders. Expression of the SMAD7 gene is a pharmacogenomic biomarker of early response to anti-TNF agents in pediatric IBD. TLR2 and DEFA5 need to be validated in larger studies.This work was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grants numbers PI16/00559 and PI19/00792), Consejería de Educación y Deporte de la Comunidad de Madrid (grant number PEJ16/MED/AI-1260), and by the Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (grant number PRE-2018-2), The study was cofunded by ERDF Funds (FEDER) from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe

Clinical Profile and Determinants of Mortality in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Admitted for COVID-19.

BACKGROUND Concern has risen about the effects of COVID-19 in interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. The aim of our study was to determine clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of ILD patients admitted for COVID-19. METHODS Ancillary analysis of an international, multicenter COVID-19 registry (HOPE: Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation) was performed. The subgroup of ILD patients was selected and compared with the rest of the cohort. RESULTS A total of 114 patients with ILDs were evaluated. Mean ± SD age was 72.4 ± 13.6 years, and 65.8% were men. ILD patients were older, had more comorbidities, received more home oxygen therapy and more frequently had respiratory failure upon admission than non-ILD patients (all p < 0.05). In laboratory findings, ILD patients more frequently had elevated LDH, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer levels (all p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis showed that chronic kidney disease and respiratory insufficiency on admission were predictors of ventilatory support, and that older age, kidney disease and elevated LDH were predictors of death. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that ILD patients admitted for COVID-19 are older, have more comorbidities, more frequently require ventilatory support and have higher mortality than those without ILDs. Older age, kidney disease and LDH were independent predictors of mortality in this population.S

Cirurgia de columna vertebral als hospitals públics de Catalunya: proposta organitzativa

Cirurgia de columna vertebral; Hospitals públics; OrganitzacióCirugía de columna vertebral; Hospitales públicos; OrganizaciónSpinal surgery; Public hospitals; OrganizationEls objectius d'aques document son: 1. Consensuar els criteris d’indicació de la cirurgia de columna vertebral en diferents situacions clíniques. 2. Analitzar i definir els diferents nivells quirúrgics segons complexitat de la cirurgia de columna vertebral en la població de Catalunya. 3. Establir els criteris i requeriments mínims dels centres hospitalaris per proveir cirurgia de columna vertebral segons els nivells de complexitat a Catalunya

HCV-coinfection is related to an increased HIV-1 reservoir size in cART-treated HIV patients: a cross-sectional study

In HIV-1/HCV-coinfected patients, chronic HCV infection leads to an increased T-lymphocyte immune activation compared to HIV-monoinfected patients, thereby likely contributing to increase HIV-1 reservoir that is the major barrier for its eradication. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of HCV coinfection in HIV-1 viral reservoir size in resting (r) CD4+ T-cells (CD25-CD69-HLADR-). Multicenter cross-sectional study of 97 cART-treated HIV-1 patients, including 36 patients with HIV and HCV-chronic co-infection without anti-HCV treatment, 32 HIV patients with HCV spontaneous clearance and 29 HIV-monoinfected patients. rCD4+ T-cells were isolated and total DNA was extracted. HIV viral reservoir was measured by Alu-LTR qPCR. Differences between groups were calculated with a generalized linear model. Overall, 63.9% were men, median age of 41 years and Caucasian. Median CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes were 725 and 858 cells/mm 3 , respectively. CD4+ T nadir cells was 305 cells/mm 3 . Proviral HIV-1 DNA size was significantly increased in chronic HIV/HCV-coinfected compared to HIV-monoinfected patients (206.21 ± 47.38 vs. 87.34 ± 22.46, respectively; P = 0.009), as well as in spontaneously clarified HCV co-infected patients when compared to HIV-monoinfected individuals (136.20 ± 33.20; P = 0.009). HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients showed a larger HIV-1 reservoir size in comparison to HIV-monoinfected individuals. This increase could lead to a greater complexity in the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir in HIV-1/HCV-coinfected individuals, which should be considered in the current strategies for the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir.Financial support was provided by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III to VB (PI15CIII/00031), by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness to MC (SAF2016–78480-R) and The SPANISH AIDS Research Network RD16CIII/0002/0001, RD16CIII/0002/0002 and RD16/0025/0013 - ISCIII – FEDER. MRLP is supported by ISCIII - Subdirección General de Evaluacion and European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER) (PIE 13/00040 and RD12/0017/0017 RETIC de SIDA). C.P. is supported by the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) (grant number SFRH/ BPD/77448/2011 is part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union). V.B., A.F.R. and N.R. are supported by the Miguel Servet programme from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (ISCIII) (grant number CP13/00098, CP14/CIII/00010 and CP14/00198, respectively)

Structural and vibrational properties of CdAl2S4 under high pressure: Experimental and theoretical approach

"This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Physical Chemistry C, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp5037926.”The behavior of defect chalcopyrite CdAl2S4 at high pressures and ambient temperature has been investigated in a joint experimental and theoretical study. High-pressure X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements were complemented with theoretical ab initio calculations. The equation of state and pressure dependences of the structural parameters of CdAl2S4 were determined and compared to those of other AB(2)X(4) ordered-vacancy compounds. The pressure dependence of the Raman-active mode frequencies is reported, as well as the theoretical phonon dispersion curves and phonon density of states at 1 atm. Our measurements suggest that defect chalcopyrite CdAl2S4 undergoes a phase transition above 15 GPa to a disordered-rocksalt structure, whose equation of state was also obtained up to 25 GPa. In a downstroke from 25 GPa to 1 atm, our measurements indicate that CdAl2S4 does not return to the defect chalcopyrite phase; it partially retains the disordered-rocksalt phase and partially transforms into the spinel structure. The nature of the spinel structure was confirmed by the good agreement of our experimental results with our theoretical calculations. All in all, our experimental and theoretical results provide evidence that the spinel and defect chalcopyrite phases of CdAl2S4 are competitive at 1 atm. This result opens the way to the synthesis of spinel-type CdAl2S4 at near-ambient conditions.Financial support from the Spanish Consolider Ingenio 2010 Program (Project CSD2007-00045) is acknowledged. This work was also supported by Spanish MICCIN under Project MAT2010-21270-C04-03/04 and by Vicerrectorado de Investigacion de la Universitat Politecnica de Valencia under Projects UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11. Supercomputer time was provided by the Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and the MALTA cluster. J.A.S. acknowledges the Juan de la Cierva fellowship program for financial support. AM. and P.R.-H. acknowledge S. Munoz Rodriguez for providing a data-parsing application.Sans Tresserras, JÁ.; Santamaría Pérez, D.; Popescu, C.; Gomis, O.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Vilaplana Cerda, RI.; Muñoz, A.... (2014). Structural and vibrational properties of CdAl2S4 under high pressure: Experimental and theoretical approach. Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 118(28):15363-15374. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp5037926S15363153741182