14 research outputs found

    Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study

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    Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders

    Tharsis dome, Mars: New evidence for Noachian-Hesperian tbick-skin and Amazonian thin-skin tectonics

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    A photogeoIogical reconnaissance of Viking mosaics and images ofthe Tharsis dome has been carried out. Fifteen new areas of transcurrent faulting have been located which, together with other structures previously detected, support a model in which the Thaumasia Plateau, the southeastem part of the Tharsis dome, is proposed to be an independent lithospheric block that experienced buckling and thrust faulting in Late N oachian or Early Hesperian times as a result of an E-W directed compression. Evidence is presented that this stress field, rather than the Tharsis uplift, was decisive in the inception of Valles Marineris, which we consider a transtensive, dextral accident. The buckling spacing permits us, moreover, to tentatively reconstruct a Martian Hesperian lithosphere similar in elastic thickness to the mean present terrestrial oceanic lithosphere, thus supporting the possibility of a restricted lithospheric mobility in that periodo Tharsis lithosphere was again subjected to shear stresses in Amazonian times, a period in which important accidents, such as strike-slip faults, wrinkle ridges, and straight and sigmoidal graben, were formed under a thin-skin tectonic regime, while the lithosphere as a: mechanical unit had become too thick and sttong to buckle. The possible causes of those stresses, and especially their relationships to a putative period of pIate tectonics, are discussed

    A multicentric study to evaluate the use of relative retention times in targeted proteomics

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    Despite the maturity reached by targeted proteomic strategies, reliable and standardized protocols are urgently needed to enhance reproducibility among different laboratories and analytical platforms, facilitating a more widespread use in biomedical research. To achieve this goal, the use of dimensionless relative retention times (iRT), defined on the basis of peptide standard retention times (RT), has lately emerged as a powerful tool. The robustness, reproducibility and utility of this strategy were examined for the first time in a multicentric setting, involving 28 laboratories that included 24 of the Spanish network of proteomics laboratories (ProteoRed-ISCIII). According to the results obtained in this study, dimensionless retention time values (iRTs) demonstrated to be a useful tool for transferring and sharing peptide retention times across different chromatographic set-ups both intra- and inter-laboratories. iRT values also showed very low variability over long time periods. Furthermore, parallel quantitative analyses showed a high reproducibility despite the variety of experimental strategies used, either MRM (multiple reaction monitoring) or pseudoMRM, and the diversity of analytical platforms employed. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: From the very beginning of proteomics as an analytical science there has been a growing interest in developing standardized methods and experimental procedures in order to ensure the highest quality and reproducibility of the results. In this regard, the recent (2012) introduction of the dimensionless retention time concept has been a significant advance. In our multicentric (28 laboratories) study we explore the usefulness of this concept in the context of a targeted proteomics experiment, demonstrating that dimensionless retention time values is a useful tool for transferring and sharing peptide retention times across different chromatographic set-ups.All laboratories from Spain are members of ProteoRed (Plataforma de Recursos Biomoleculares y BioinformĂĄticos) and are supported by grant PT13/0001 funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and FEDER.S
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