822 research outputs found
The association between parent and child variables and physical activity and sedentary behaviors in Puerto Rican children
Studies with diverse populations including Caucasians, African-Americans, Asians, and Latinos have contributed important information about factors that may contribute to childhood obesity. However, the studies on Latino children have not examined how specific child and parent factors may be related to physical activity (PA) or sedentary behaviors (SB). Research investigations into these correlates or possible determinants of PA and SB in Latino children have only included children from Mexican American backgrounds.
This dissertation consists of two studies designed to address the gaps in knowledge about these factors and their interaction with PA and SB in a specific group of Latino children. Data were obtained by direct evaluation of 75 children and their parents living on the Island of Puerto Rico. Objective measures, via accelerometry, were used to asses PA and SB, and questionnaires were used to obtain parental perceptions and beliefs about PA and SB. Childâs body composition was measured and used as a fitness component, along with a motor proficiency battery. Study 1 examined the relation between childrenâs fitness levels and level of motor skills, parental beliefs and perceptions of health status and childrenâs PA and SB. Results showed that time spent in SB and moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) was associated with parentsâ intentions of reducing TV time and their perception of their childâs body weight. Study 2 undertook a more specific analysis of the mechanism(s) of these associations, specifically attempting to understand the possible moderation effect of certain constructs on the association between predictors of PA and SB. Results indicated that the strength of age as a predictor of MVPA and SB levels of Latino children may be moderated by the parentâs perception of influence, which in itself may be influenced by the parentâs level of education. Parental perceptions and intentions are modifiable factors, which suggests that working with the family is an important area to explore in future interventions to reduce obesity risk in this population
NanopartĂculas PolimĂ©ricas en DermocosmĂ©tica
IndexaciĂłn: Web of Science; Scielo.Recent advances in the fields of biomaterials and nanotechnology have allowed the development of advanced nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Despite a vast number of nanostructures such as liposomes, solidÂlipid nanocapsules, polymeric and hybrid lipidÂpolymer nanoparticles have been studied as carriers for drug delivery for different pathologies with remarkable promising results; the use of polymeric nanoparticles in dermocosmetic still has not been widely explored. The evolution of cosmetic into the care skin and dermatology represents novel technological challenges. Also, the increasing knowledge about normal skin physiology and advances in nanotechnology provide an attractive environment for the creation of innovative dermocosmetic formulations. In this work, we discuss the state of the art of polymeric nanoparticles formulated for dermocosmetics, its mechanisms of action, and diffusion into the skin.Los recientes avances en el campo de los biomateriales y la nanotecnologĂa han permitido el desarrollo de nanopartĂculas avanzadas para aplicaciones biomĂ©dicas. A pesar de que un gran nĂșmero de nanoestructuras tales como liposomas, nanocĂĄpsulas lĂpido-sĂłlidas, nanopartĂculas polimĂ©ricas y lĂpido-polĂmero hĂbridas han sido estudiadas como vehĂculos para la administraciĂłn de fĂĄrmacos en diferentes patologĂas con notables resultados prometedores, el uso de nanopartĂculas polimĂ©ricas en dermocosmĂ©tica todavĂa no ha sido ampliamente explorado. La evoluciĂłn de la cosmĂ©tica en el cuidado de la piel y la dermatologĂa nos enfrentan a nuevos retos tecnolĂłgicos. AdemĂĄs, el aumento de los conocimientos sobre la fisiologĂa de la piel normal y los avances en la nanotecnologĂa proporcionan un entorno atractivo para la creaciĂłn de formulaciones dermocosmĂ©ticas innovadoras. En este trabajo se discute el estado del arte de las nanopartĂculas polimĂ©ricas desarrolladas para dermocosmĂ©tica, sus mecanismos de acciĂłn y la difusiĂłn en la piel.http://ref.scielo.org/b68hz
Coupling of morphology to surface transport in ion-beam irradiated surfaces. I. Oblique incidence
We propose and study a continuum model for the dynamics of amorphizable
surfaces undergoing ion-beam sputtering (IBS) at intermediate energies and
oblique incidence. After considering the current limitations of more standard
descriptions in which a single evolution equation is posed for the surface
height, we overcome (some of) them by explicitly formulating the dynamics of
the species that transport along the surface, and by coupling it to that of the
surface height proper. In this we follow recent proposals inspired by
``hydrodynamic'' descriptions of pattern formation in aeolian sand dunes and
ion-sputtered systems. From this enlarged model, and by exploiting the
time-scale separation among various dynamical processes in the system, we
derive a single height equation in which coefficients can be related to
experimental parameters. This equation generalizes those obtained by previous
continuum models and is able to account for many experimental features of
pattern formation by IBS at oblique incidence, such as the evolution of the
irradiation-induced amorphous layer, transverse ripple motion with non-uniform
velocity, ripple coarsening, onset of kinetic roughening and other.
Additionally, the dynamics of the full two-field model is compared with that of
the effective interface equation.Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures. Movies of figures 6, 7, and 8 available at
http://gisc.uc3m.es/~javier/Movies
Ab initio LSDA and LSDA+U study of pure and Cd-doped cubic lanthanide sesquioxides
The electronic, structural, and hyperfine properties of pure and Cd-doped lanthanide (Ln) sesquioxides with the cubic bixbyite structure (Ln2O3, Ln ranging from La to Lu) have been studied using the full-potential augmented plane wave plus local orbital (APW + lo) method within the local spin density approximation (LSDA) and the Coulomb-corrected LSDA + U. In the case of the pure systems, our calculations show that LSDA + U gives a better representation of the band structure compared to LSDA. The predicted equilibrium structures and the electric field gradient (EFG) tensor at Ln sites were calculated and compared with those obtained by means of hyperfine techniques and with theoretical results obtained in In2O3, Sc2O3, and Lu2O3 reported in the literature. The origin of the EFG at Ln sites and the role played by the 4f electrons on this quantity are discussed. In the case of the Cd-doped systems, the APW + lo method (also within LSDA and LSDA + U) was applied to treat the electronic structure of the doped system. The role of the Ln 4f electrons on the EFG at Cd impurity sites, and other variables like structural distortions induced by the Cd impurity, were investigated in detail and are discussed and compared with available experimental results. An excellent agreement between the experimental and calculated EFGs was found for all Cd-doped systems.Fil: Richard, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: Muñoz, Emiliano Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: RenterĂa, Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: Errico, Leonardo Antonio. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de FĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de FĂsica; ArgentinaFil: Svane, A.. University Aarhus. Institut for Fysik Og Astronomi; DinamarcaFil: Christensen, N. E.. University Aarhus. Institut for Fysik Og Astronomi; Dinamarc
Benchmarking Faddeev and transfer-to-the-continuum calculations for ( p , p N ) reactions
Background: Nucleon-knockout reactions on proton targets (p, pN) have experienced a renewed interest due to
the availability of inverse-kinematics experiments with exotic nuclei. Various theoretical descriptions have been
used to describe these reactions, such as the distorted-wave impulse approximation, the Faddeev-type formalism,
and the transfer-to-the-continuum method.
Purpose: Our goal is to benchmark the observables computed with the Faddeev and transfer-to-the-continuum
formalisms in the intermediate energy regime relevant for the experimental (p, pn) and (p, 2p) studies.
Method: We analyze the 11Be(p, pn) 10Be reaction for different beam energies, binding energies, and orbital
quantum numbers with both formalisms to assess their agreement for different observables.
Results: We obtain a good agreement in all cases considered, within â10%, when the input potentials are taken
consistently and realistically.
Conclusions: The results of this work prove the consistency and accuracy of both methods, setting an indication
on the degree of systematic uncertainties applicable when using them to extract spectroscopic information from
(p, pN) reactions.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España y fondos FEDER. FIS2017-88410-PPrograma de investigación e innovación Horizonte 2020 de la Unión Europea. No. 654002.Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Alemania. LTU-1185721-HFST-
The advertisement call of Pristimantis unistrigatus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Ecuadorian Andes
A qualitative study conducted in the USA exploring Latino fathersâ beliefs, attitudes and practices related to their young childrenâs eating, physical activity and sedentary behaviours
Objective: Increasing evidence documents fathersâ influential role in their childrenâs eating, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours (SB). We aimed to expand limited existing research examining fathersâ influence in these areas by exploring Latino fathersâ beliefs, attitudes and practices related to eating, PA and SB of their young children.
Designs: Seven focus group discussions were conducted in Spanish with Latino fathers (n 28) of children aged 2â8 years. Audio recordings were transcribed and translated verbatim without identifiers. Data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify key concepts and themes using NVivo 11 software. Results: Fathers expressed positive beliefs and attitudes about the importance of healthy eating for their young children, themselves and their families. Nevertheless, the majority reported familial practices including eating out, getting take-out, etc. that have been linked to increased obesity risk among Latino children. Fathers were more involved and engaged in childrenâs PA than eating and feeding. However, several fathers reported engaging predominantly in sedentary activities with their children, appeared permissive of childrenâs sedentary habits and struggled to set limits on childrenâs screen-time. Conclusions: We provide new information on Latino fathersâ beliefs and child feeding and PA practices that may provide important targets for interventions aimed at promoting healthful eating and PA behaviours of Latino children. Future research should further quantify the influence of Latino fathersâ parenting styles and practices on development of childrenâs eating, PA and SB. This information is needed to identify risk factors amenable to interventions and to design culturally appropriate parenting and family-based interventions targeting Latino childrenâs home environment and designed to meet this ethnic groupâs specific needs
ArteriolopatĂa calcificante urĂ©mica, reporte de un caso tratado con tiosulfato de sodio
We describe a case of calcific uremic arteriolopathyinitially associated with skin lesions within the context of a patient with chronic kidney disease on automated peritoneal dialysis therapy. Among the most relevant findings, the patient hadhyperphosphatemia, normocalcemia and severe hyperparathyroidism without nodular hyperplasia. Clinical improvement with multimodal management of enhancement in dialysis therapy and intravenous sodium thiosulfate is highlighted. Calciphylaxis is a disorder that has a high morbidity and mortality, secondary to sepsis. It occurs more frequently in patients with chronic renal failure who are on hemodialysis. It is characterized by systemic medial calcification of the arterioles, triggering ischemia and subcutaneous necrosis of skin and soft tissues. Histopathological evaluation helps to confirm the diagnosis.Describimos un caso de arteriolopatĂa calcificante urĂ©mica asociada,  inicialmente, a lesiones cutĂĄneas,en unpaciente con insuficiencia renal crĂłnica, en terapia de diĂĄlisis peritoneal automatizada, como hallazgos mĂĄsrelevantes presentaba hiperfosfatemia, normocalcemia e hiperparatiroidismo severo sin hiperplasia nodular.Se destaca la mejorĂa clĂnica con manejo multimodal de intensificaciĂłn en la terapia dialĂtica y tiosulfato desodio intravenoso.La calcifilaxis es un trastorno que debuta con alta morbilidad ymortalidad, secundaria a sepsis, ocurre con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crĂłnica que se encuentran en hemodiĂĄlisis. Se caracteriza por calcificaciĂłn sistĂ©mica en la media de las arteriolas, desencadenĂĄndose isquemia y necrosis subcutĂĄnea de piel y tejidos blandos. La evaluaciĂłn histopatolĂłgica ayuda a confirmar el diagnĂłstico
Ab initio LSDA and LSDA+U study of pure and Cd-doped cubic lanthanide sesquioxides
The electronic, structural, and hyperfine properties of pure and Cd-doped lanthanide (Ln) sesquioxides with the cubic bixbyite structure (Ln2O3, Ln ranging from La to Lu) have been studied using the full-potential augmented plane wave plus local orbital (APW + lo) method within the local spin density approximation (LSDA) and the Coulomb-corrected LSDA + U. In the case of the pure systems, our calculations show that LSDA + U gives a better representation of the band structure compared to LSDA. The predicted equilibrium structures and the electric field gradient (EFG) tensor at Ln sites were calculated and compared with those obtained by means of hyperfine techniques and with theoretical results obtained in In2O3, Sc2O3, and Lu2O3 reported in the literature. The origin of the EFG at Ln sites and the role played by the 4f electrons on this quantity are discussed. In the case of the Cd-doped systems, the APW + lo method (also within LSDA and LSDA + U) was applied to treat the electronic structure of the doped system. The role of the Ln 4f electrons on the EFG at Cd impurity sites, and other variables like structural distortions induced by the Cd impurity, were investigated in detail and are discussed and compared with available experimental results. An excellent agreement between the experimental and calculated EFGs was found for all Cd-doped systems.Instituto de FĂsica La Plat
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