Role of Brick Industry in the Degradation of Land and Environment- A case study of Daluadashgir village in Coochbehar District.

The process of digging soil from agricultural field for Brick industry is frequently accompanied by severe soil erosion, and destruction of mixed vegetation cover and grazing lands. Further transportation of raw materials for brick industry that is soil leads to environmental pollution by mixing of dust particles in the atmosphere along with co2 accumulation during burning of fresh bricks. The present study investigates on the role of brick industry in the degradation of land and environment at Daluadashgir in Cooch Behar District of west Bengal. Furthermore, this investigation shows the increasing of agricultural density due to the above mention process

Role of Brick Industry in the Degradation of Land and Environment- A case study of Daluadashgir village in Coochbehar District.

The process of digging soil from agricultural field for Brick industry is frequently accompanied by severe soil erosion, and destruction of mixed vegetation cover and grazing lands. Further transportation of raw materials for brick industry that is soil leads to environmental pollution by mixing of dust particles in the atmosphere along with co2 accumulation during burning of fresh bricks. The present study investigates on the role of brick industry in the degradation of land and environment at Daluadashgir in Cooch Behar District of west Bengal. Furthermore, this investigation shows the increasing of agricultural density due to the above mention process

Clinicopathological spectrum of renal biopsies in children – A single center experience from Eastern India

Background: Renal diseases are common in childhood and they often present with diagnostic challenges. Renal biopsy is of major importance in diagnosing many renal diseases in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological aspect of renal diseases underwent biopsy in children in a tertiary care teaching institute in Eastern India. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on children (≤12 year) admitted with difficult to treat renal disorders in Pediatric ward and thorough evaluations confirmed the requirement of renal biopsy. Sixty one (61) children satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. Period of study was from February 2021 to July 2022. Results: In this study, males were 31 and females were 30 in numbers. The mean age was 6.77± 3.42 years. The indications for renal biopsy were steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) (49.18%), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (29.51%), acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) (16.39%), and others. The major bulks of histopathological findings revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and minimal change disease (MCD) in 45.9%, 32.8% and 13.1% respectively. Hypertension was present in 58.1% and hematuria in 64.5% of cases (p value 0.001). Conclusion: SRNS (49.18%) was the most common indication of renal biopsy and FSGS (45.9%) was the most common histopathological finding in our study. This study provides data on biopsy proven childhood renal disorders from this region

Study of Information Needs and Information Seeking Behaviour of the Gram Panchayat Members of West Bengal: with special reference to Burdwan-I Development Block

There is no shortage of information in the time of this information explosion era. Due to information explosion the gram panchayat members are confused about the access to right information at the right time from different information sources. Thus, information seeking is most important thing and it is surely be influenced by different type factors. The study would also find the information sources, how to access and how to use these sources by the gram panchayat members of different gram panchayats under the Burdwan-I Development Block. Data has been collected from the gram panchayat members through structured questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed among the 162 gram panchayat members of the different gram panchayat of this blocks of burdwan sadar (north) subdivision. 117 filled questionnaires are returned back from the gram panchayat members and all are analysed. Most of the members said that Libraries, community information centres, etc. are not available in the villages, so their role is very limited but they want to establish this type of information sources in their village area. Gram panchayat members are getting information from print and non-print media and also from internet. Most of the GP members used social media and majority of them used both facebook & whatsapp to seek the information. Almost all the Gram Panchayat members get adequate information from all relevant sources including language problem, difficulties in operating technical devices and dealing with time constraints and also the pandemic of Covid-19

Study of Information Needs and Information Seeking Behaviour of the Gram Panchayat Members of West Bengal: with special reference to Burdwan-I Development Block

There is no shortage of information in the time of this information explosion era. Due to information explosion the gram panchayat members are confused about the access to right information at the right time from different information sources. Thus, information seeking is most important thing and it is surely be influenced by different type factors. The study would also find the information sources, how to access and how to use these sources by the gram panchayat members of different gram panchayats under the Burdwan-I Development Block. Data has been collected from the gram panchayat members through structured questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed among the 162 gram panchayat members of the different gram panchayat of this blocks of burdwan sadar (north) subdivision. 117 filled questionnaires are returned back from the gram panchayat members and all are analysed. Most of the members said that Libraries, community information centres, etc. are not available in the villages, so their role is very limited but they want to establish this type of information sources in their village area. Gram panchayat members are getting information from print and non-print media and also from internet. Most of the GP members used social media and majority of them used both facebook & whatsapp to seek the information. Almost all the Gram Panchayat members get adequate information from all relevant sources including language problem, difficulties in operating technical devices and dealing with time constraints and also the pandemic of Covid-19

Mapping the assembly pathway of Bluetongue virus scaffolding protein VP3.

The structure of the Bluetongue virus (BTV) core and its outer layer VP7 has been solved by X-ray crystallography, but the assembly intermediates that lead to the inner scaffolding VP3 layer have not been defined. In this report, we addressed two key questions: (a) the role of VP3 amino terminus in core assembly and its interaction with the transcription complex (TC) components; and (b) the assembly intermediates involved in the construction of the VP3 shell. To do this, deletion mutants in the amino terminal and decamer-decamer interacting region of VP3 (DeltaDD) were generated, expressed in insect cells using baculovirus expression systems, and their ability to assemble into core-like particles (CLPs) and to incorporate the components of TC were investigated. Deletion of the N-terminal 5 (Delta5N) or 10 (Delta10N) amino acids did not affect the ability to assemble into CLPs in the presence of VP7 although the cores assembled using the 10 residue mutant (Delta10N) deletion were very unstable. Removal of five residues also did not effect incorporation of the internal VP1 RNA polymerase and VP4 mRNA capping enzyme proteins of the TC. Removal of the VP3-VP3 interacting domain (DeltaDD) led to failure to assemble into CLPs yet retained interaction with VP1 and VP4. In solution, purified DeltaDD mutant protein readily multimerized into dimers, pentamers, and decamers, suggesting that these oligomers are the authentic assembly intermediates of the subcore. However, unlike wild-type VP3 protein, the dimerization domain-deleted assembly intermediates were found to have lost RNA binding ability. Our study emphasizes the requirement of the N-terminus of VP3 for binding and encapsidation of the TC components, and defines the role of the dimerization domain in subcore assembly and RNA binding

Splice Loss of Graded-Index Fibers: Accurate Semianalytical Descriptions Using Nelder-Mead Nonlinear Unconstrained Optimization with Three-Parameter Fundamental Modal Field

A faster and accurate semianalytical formulation with a robust optimization solution for estimating the splice loss of graded-index fibers has been proposed. The semianalytical optimization of modal parameters has been carried out by Nelder-Mead method of nonlinear unconstrained minimization suitable for functions which are uncertain, noisy, or even discontinuous. Instead of normally used Gaussian function, as the trial field for the fundamental mode of graded-index optical fiber a novel sinc function with exponentially and R-3/2 (R is the normalized radius of the optical fiber) decaying trailing edge has been used. Due to inclusion of three parameters in the optimization of fundamental modal solution and application of an efficient optimization technique with simple analytical expressions for various modal parameters, the results are found to be accurate and computationally easier to find than the standard numerical method solution