Driver Fusions and Their Implications in the Development and Treatment of Human Cancers.

Gene fusions represent an important class of somatic alterations in cancer. We systematically investigated fusions in 9,624 tumors across 33 cancer types using multiple fusion calling tools. We identified a total of 25,664 fusions, with a 63% validation rate. Integration of gene expression, copy number, and fusion annotation data revealed that fusions involving oncogenes tend to exhibit increased expression, whereas fusions involving tumor suppressors have the opposite effect. For fusions involving kinases, we found 1,275 with an intact kinase domain, the proportion of which varied significantly across cancer types. Our study suggests that fusions drive the development of 16.5% of cancer cases and function as the sole driver in more than 1% of them. Finally, we identified druggable fusions involving genes such as TMPRSS2, RET, FGFR3, ALK, and ESR1 in 6.0% of cases, and we predicted immunogenic peptides, suggesting that fusions may provide leads for targeted drug and immune therapy

Kansas Swine Improvement Association Testing Station

The seventh group of pigs tested in the Kansas Swine Testing Station completed their test during the 1961-62 winter. The Animal Husbandry Department and the Extension Service cooperation in manging and supervising the station. All expenses incurred in testing are paid by breeders or producers who have pigs tested

Kansas Swine Improvement Association testing station

Eleven Kansas swine produces had 27 pens of barrows and gilts on test during the summer of 1963. It was necessary to send most of the pigs to Maurer-Neuer Meat Packers in Arkansas City for slaughter because our refrigeration facilities failed. Some carcass data were lost. Table 28 summarizes performance and carcass data collected

Factors influencing phase-disengagement rates in solvent-extraction systems employing tertiary amine extractants

The primary purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effects of amine size and structure on phase disengagement. Nine commercial tertiary amines were tested together with four laboratory-quality amines for uranium extraction and both organic-continuous (OC) and aqueous-continuous (AC) phase disengagement under Amex-type conditions. Synthetic acid sulfate solutions with and without added colloidal silica and actual ore leach solutions were used as the aqueous phases. Phase disengagement results were correlated with amine size and branching and solution wetting behavior on a silicate (glass) surface. The results suggest that the performance of some Amex systems may be improved by using branched chain tertiary amine extractants of higher molecular weight than are now normally used