Ergonomic risk: social representations of dental students

Objective: To learn the social representations of ergonomic risk prepared by dental students. Method: This exploratory study, subsidized the Theory of Social Representations, with 64 dental students of an educational institution, by means of interviews. The data were processed in Alceste4.8 and lexical analysis done by the descending hierarchical classification. Results: In two categories: knowledge about exposure to ergonomic risk end attitude of students on preventing and treating injuries caused by repetitive motion. For students, the ergonomic risk is related to the attitude in the dental office. Conclusion: Prevention of ergonomic risk for dental students has not been incorporated as a set of necessary measures for their health and the patients, to prevent ergonomic hazards that can result in harm to the patient caused by work-related musculoskeletal disorder, which is reflected in a lower quality practice

Treatment of child with phenylketonuria: a literature review

Objective: To analyze the importance of Neonatal Screening for the treatment of children with phenylketonuria. Method: This is an integrative review. To select the studies we looked at the electronic databases Scientific Electronic Library Online - SciELO journal portal and CAPES in September 2013, using the keywords: Phenylketonuria, Triage, Child health. Results: The analysis of the articles indicated that in the period 2008-2013, the year 2010 had the highest number of publications. Most studies paused to examine the importance of neonatal screening program to evaluate the tracking phenylketonuria, as well as to characterize the performance of children diagnosed and treated early with phenylketonuria. Conclusion: Studies have shown that treatment is significantly more effective when deployed in pre - clinical stage of the disease and there is a screening test, the screening test, which is simple, efficient , applicable on a large scale and low cost

Entendendo a anestesia inalatória na Cesária: revisão sistemática

Introduction: Inhalation anesthesia in cesarean section is a commonly employed anesthetic approach to provide analgesia and anesthesia during the cesarean surgical procedure. This method utilizes inhalation-administered anesthetic agents, usually through a face mask or endotracheal tube, to induce and maintain the required anesthetic state. Methodology: A systematic literature review on "Understanding Inhalation Anesthesia in Cesarean Section" was conducted based on rigorous criteria to ensure the selection of relevant and high-quality studies. The search was delimited by the descriptors "Anesthesia," "Inhalation," "Cesarean Section," and "Inhalation Anesthesia," focusing on the last 5 years (2019 to 2023) and research conducted from April 20, 2023, to November 29, 2023. Result: Pre-delivery procedures required careful anesthetic attention, and the adopted approach could vary significantly depending on the natureIntrodução: A anestesia inalatória na cesariana é uma abordagem anestésica comumente empregada para fornecer analgesia e anestesia durante o procedimento cirúrgico de cesariana. Este método utiliza agentes anestésicos administrados por inalação, geralmente através de uma máscara facial ou tubo endotraqueal, para induzir e manter o estado anestésico necessário. Metodologia: Uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre "Entendendo a Anestesia Inalatória na Cesariana" foi elaborada com base em critérios rigorosos para garantir a seleção de estudos relevantes e de qualidade. A pesquisa foi delimitada pelos descritores Anesthesia, Inhalatio, Cesarean Section, Inhalation Anesthesia, com foco nos últimos 5 anos (2019 a 2023) e pesquisas realizadas no período de 20/04/2023 a 29/11 /2023. Resultado: Os procedimentos pré-parto exigiram um cuidado de atenção anestésica, sendo que a abordagem adotada pode variar significativamente de acordo com a natureza e a invasividade da intervenção planejada. Desde procedimentos mais simples até intervenções mais complexas, a escolha da anestesia desempenha um papel crucial no conforto do paciente e no sucesso técnico do procedimento. Conclusão: Os agentes anestésicos inalatórios mais comuns incluem o óxido nitroso, sevoflurano, desflurano e isoflurano. O óxido nitroso é frequentemente utilizado em combinação com outros agentes para fornecer analgesia suplementar. Esses agentes atuam no sistema nervoso central

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Ergonomic risk: social representations of dental students

Objective: To learn the social representations of ergonomic risk prepared ​​by dental students. Methodology: This exploratory study, subsidized the Theory of Social Representations, with 64 dental students of an educational institution, by means of interviews. The data were processed in Alceste4.8 and lexical analysis done by the descending hierarchical classification. Results: In two categories: knowledge about exposure to ergonomic risk end attitude of students on preventing and treating injuries caused by repetitive motion. For students, the ergonomic risk is related to the attitude in the dental office. Conclusion: Prevention of ergonomic risk for dental students has not been incorporated as a set of necessary measures for their health and the patients, to prevent ergonomic hazards that can result in harm to the patient caused by work-related musculoskeletal disorder, which is reflected in a lower quality practice

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital-manifested COVID-19 among Brazilians

ABSTRACT: Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of admitted patients with the hospital- versus community-manifested COVID-19 and to evaluate the risk factors related to mortality in the first population. Methods: This retrospective cohort included consecutive adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalized between March and September 2020. The demographic data, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were extracted from medical records. Patients with hospital-manifested COVID-19 (study group) and those with community-manifested COVID-19 (control group) were matched by the propensity score model. Logistic regression models were used to verify the risk factors for mortality in the study group. Results: Among 7,710 hospitalized patients who had COVID-19, 7.2% developed symptoms while admitted for other reasons. Patients with hospital-manifested COVID-19 had a higher prevalence of cancer (19.2% vs 10.8%) and alcoholism (8.8% vs 2.8%) than patients with community-manifested COVID-19 and also had a higher rate of intensive care unit requirement (45.1% vs 35.2%), sepsis (23.8% vs 14.5%), and death (35.8% vs 22.5%) (P <0.05 for all). The factors independently associated with increased mortality in the study group were increasing age, male sex, number of comorbidities, and cancer. Conclusion: Hospital-manifested COVID-19 was associated with increased mortality. Increasing age, male sex, number of comorbidities, and cancer were independent predictors of mortality among those with hospital-manifested COVID-19 disease

Resumos concluídos - Neurociências

Resumos concluídos -  Neurociência

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data