Administrative Field Experience, Office of the Superintendent, Atwood-Hammond Community Unit School District No. 39, Atwood, Illinois

Since the major role of superintendent of schools is to be the liaison between the board of education/community and the faculty, it is important to understand the philosophy of each group. Research reveals that the superintendent is the pivotal person in public relations for all parties involved with the schools. The superintendent relays board policy to the district employees and has the responsibility of explaining these policies to the community. One interesting factor determining the responsibilities of the superintendent is school size. In small schools the focus is directly upon the superintendent of schools, but in larger schools the superintendent is removed from the daily activities of the school. The larger schools place the focus of activity on the building principals rather than the superintendent. Requirements for becoming a superintendent of schools are outlined in the Illinois school code. These requirements must be fulfilled before certification will be granted. Schools should search for more than a certified superintendent; the position requires an individual with a philosophy and a personality similar to those qualities reflected in the school district. The Atwood-Hammond School District agreed to allow this internship as partial requirement for this field study. The criteria were outlined by Eastern Illinois University and the Atwood-Hammond Board of Education

Incarceration as a Condition of Probation: New Limitations

In the past, Florida judges have attempted to circumvent a parole policy, which they considered to be ineffective. They withheld imposition of sentence upon a defendant found guilty of the crime for which he was charged, and imposed an order of probation with the condition that the defendant serve a lengthy term in the county jail or state penitentiary

FARM COMMODITY PAYMENT LIMITS: WHAT IMPACT WILL THEY HAVE ON THE ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF SOUTHEASTERN AGRICULTURE?

Agricultural and Food Policy,

Carbon-Enhanced Cement Clinker

A clinker for use in cement manufacturing includes a cement clinker mixture having crystals of an element that is less electronegative than carbon and carbon bonded to at least a portion of the crystals

Surveillance, discretion and governance in automated welfare:The case of the German ALLEGRO System

Several scholarly studies and journalistic investigations have found that automated decision-making in welfare systems burdens claimants by forecasting their behaviour, targeting them for sanctions and surveillance and punishing them without revealing the underlying mechanisms driving such decisions. This article develops an analytical framework combining three areas of concern regarding automation: how it might introduce surveillance and social sorting, how it can entail the loss of human discretion, and how it requires new systems of governance and due process. This framework steers investigations into whether and how automated decision-making welfare systems introduce new harms and burdens for claimants. A case study on automation processes in Germany’s unemployment benefit service’s IT system ALLEGRO applies this approach and finds that this system does allow for broad human discretion and avoids some forms of surveillance, such as risk-assessments from historic data, though it nevertheless increases surveillance of claimants through sharing data with external agencies. The developed framework also suggests that concerns raised in one area – whether loss of human discretion, surveillance, or lack of due process – can be mitigated by attending to the other two areas and urges researchers and policy-makers to attend to the mitigating or reinforcing factors of each concern

Effects of shear on eggs and larvae of striped bass, morone saxatilis, and white perch, M. americana

Shear stress, generated by water movement, can kill fish eggs and larvae by causing rotation or deformation. Through the use of an experimental apparatus, a series of shear (as dynes/cm2)-mortality equations for fixed time exposures were generated for striped bass and white perch eggs and larvae. Exposure of striped bass eggs to a shear level of 350 dynes/cm2 kills 36% of the eggs in 1 min; 69% in 2 min, and 88% in 4 min; exposure of larvae to 350 dynes/cm2 kills 9.3% in 1 min, 30.0% in 2 min, and 68.1% in 4 min. A shear level of 350 dynes/cm2 kills 38% of the white perch eggs in 1 min, 41% in 2 min, 89% in 5 min, 96% in 10 min, and 98% in 20 min. A shear level of 350 dynes/cm2 applied to white perch larvae destroys 38% of the larvae in 1 min, 52% in 2 min, and 75% in 4 min. Results are experimentally used in conjunction with the determination of shear levels in the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal and ship movement for the estimation of fish egg and larval mortalities in the field

An Empirical Analysis of the Financial Impact of Supply Chain Management on Small Firms

In this article we test the value proposition hypothesis of supply chain management (SCM) by examining survey results of 570 US managers. First, we find that large firms use SCM initiatives significantly more than small firms. Second, in univariate and multivariate tests, we find that SCM leads to significant improvements in asset utilization, revenue generation, and competitive performance, regardless of firm size. These two major findings suggest that managers at small firms that are not actively engaged in SCM should reevaluate their opportunity to capture the competitive benefits of SCM that many large firms currently enjoy

Performance considerations for expansion tube operation with a shock-heated secondary driver

This paper reports on a study examining operation of a shock-heated secondary driver across the entire operating envelope of a free-piston driven expansion tube. It is found that the secondary driver operating characteristics depend significantly on the specific characteristics of the flow condition. Key trends and characteristics are identified, and theoretical concepts are validated by numerical analysis and experiment