The Research Priorities in the European University Campus

[ES] Frente a la globalización, la internacionalización de la universidad es una parte esencial de la solución como factor para su desarrollo sostenible a través de estrategias de innovación abierta y por tanto una prioridad en los campus europeos bien contemplada en la reciente Ley de la Ciencia y los Campus de Excelencia Internacional como parte de la Estrategia Universidad 2015. El acceso a la financiación pública competitiva disponible en los fondos europeos es importante en términos de prioridades de investigación, precisamente en un contexto restrictivo de financiación nacional y autonómica. La atracción internacional de talento y posicionarnos en las grandes áreas de investigación percibidas como prioridades sociales y económicas son asimismo necesidades estratégicas que cuentan con amplio consenso y se plasman en las conocidas grandes áreas temáticas de los programas europeos, siempre con la sensibilidad hacia la consolidación de la cultura de las ciencias de la educación si queremos también avanzar en la armonización del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. La sostenibilidad de nuestros sistema de ciencia, tecnología e innovación dependerá de los retornos de los programas marco en el marco del Espacio Europeo Integrado de la Innovación, la Investigación y la Educación, y la cooperación integrada de todos los componentes del sistema con la administración y el tejido empresarial para asegurar nuestro futuro como sociedad en el modelo social europeo.[EN] Faced with globalization, the internationalization of the university is an essential part of the solution as a factor for sustainable development through open innovation strategies and therefore a priority for the European campus as driven by the recent Law on Science and Campus of International Excellence, part of the University Strategy 2015. Access to competitive public funding available in the European funds is important in terms of research priorities, especially in a restrictive environment for national and regional sources. The international attraction of talent and our position in the broad areas of research perceived as social and economic priorities are also strategic needs that have broad consensus and are reflected in the thematic areas of European programs, always with sensitivity towards the consolidation of the culture of science education if we wish to progress in the harmonization of European Higher Education Area. The sustainability of our system of science, technology and innovation depend on the returns of the Framework Programme within an integrated European Innovation, Research and Education, and the integrated cooperation of all components of the system along with the administration and the industry to ensure our future as a society within the European social model.Morcillo Sánchez, EJ. (2011). Las prioridades de la investigación en los campus europeos. REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 9(3):39-54. https://doi.org/10.4995/redu.2011.6148OJS395493Peset, M., Europa y las Universidades (II. El nacimiento de una institución). En: La Universidad. Una historia ilustrada. Editor F. Tejerina, Edición Banco Santander / Turner, 2010, pp. 41-72Peluffo, M.B., Knust, R. Aprender sin fronteras: un desafio para la multiculturalidad curricular. 2010. http://www.docstoc.com/docs/67346644/APRENDER-SIN-FRONTERAS-UN-DESAFIO-PARA-LAMULTICULTURALIDAD-CURRICULARWissema, J.G., Towards the third generation university. Managing the University in transition. Elgar Pub. Ltd. Cheltenham UK 2009.http://www.educacion.gob.es/eu2015Estrategia Universidad 2015. Contribución de las universidades al progreso socioeconómico español 2010-2015. Octubre 2010. Ministerio de Educación. http://www.educacion.es/dctm/eu2015/2011-estrategia-2015- espanol.pdf?documentId=0901e72b80910099Chesbrough, H.W. Open innovation: the new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Harvard Business School Press. Boston. 2003Hay ejemplos muy ilustrativos como la red Coimbra, una red de 38 universidades europeas (http://ec.europa.eu/research/conferences/2007/fst/presentations/day9/morning/s1/5-guidolangouche/guido_langouche_lisbon_2007.pdf); la IDEA League formada por Imperial College of London, TU Delft, ETH Zurich, RWTH Aachen y Paris Tech (http://www.idealeague.org/index) y la EUMIDA Consortium formada por cinco universidades europeas.Lester, R.K., Universities, innovation, and the competitiveness of local economies. A summary report from the Local Innovation Systems Project - Phase I, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://web.mit.edu/lis/papers/LIS05-010.pdfLa internacionalización de las universidades, una estrategia necesaria. Una reflexión sobre la vigencia de modelos académicos, económicos y culturales en la gestión de la internacionalización universitaria. Documento de trabajo nº 2, Ed. Studia XXI, Fundación Europea Sociedad y Educación, Santander Universidades, Madrid, 2011.http://www.universidad.es/Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica 2008-2011. http://www.micinn.es/stfls/MICINN/Investigacion/FICHEROS/PLAN_NACIONAL_CONSEJO_DE_MINISTROS.pdfLey 14/2011, de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación. http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2011/06/02/pdfs/BOE-A- 2011-9617.pdfEngaging Philantropy for university Research. Report by an expert group. Fundraising by universities from philantropic sources: developing partnerships between universities and prívate donors. European Commission, ©European Communities 2008Krit, R.L., The fund-raising handbook. Scott-Foresman Professional Books. 1991La contribución del talento universitario en el futuro de la España 2020. Internacionalización, excelencia y empleabilidad. Junio 2011. Ministerio de Educación. http://www.educacion.gob.es/dctm/ministerio/horizontales/prensa/documentos/2011/07/ 20110713- futuroespanol?documentId=0901e72b80d8f42cEUA Aarhus Declaration 2011. http://www.eua.be/Libraries/Newsletter/Aarhus_Declaration.sflb.ashxhttp://ec.europa.eu/education/pub/pdf/higher/erasmus0910_en.pdfRD99/2011 de enseñanzas oficiales de doctorado. http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2011/02/10/ pdfs/BOE-A-2011- 2541.pdf xix Informe del Parlamento Europeo.http://ec.europa.eu/eracareers/pdf/eur_21620_es-en.pdf xxi European Institute of Innovation and Technology. http://eit.europa.eu/Logros relevantes de la UE en ciencia e investigación. España. http://bookshop.europa.eu/es/logros-relevantesde-la-ue-en-ciencia-e-investigaci-n-2004-2009-pbKI8009001/Esteban, M., Madrid, J.M., Formación para la investigación y la innovación docente (Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación. Universidad de Murcia). Red U. Revista de Docencia Universitaria, nº 1. http://www.redu.um.es/Red_U/1/Multi-dimensional global ranking of universities; a feasibility project. A European Commission Project. http://www.u-multirank.eu/Feasibility study for creating a European University Data Collection. Final Study Report. ©2010 The European Communities. http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/docs/en/eumida-final-report.pdfConferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Españolas (CRUE). La universidad española en cifras (2010). Información académica, productiva y financier de las universidades españolas. Año 2008. Indicadores universitarios. Curso academic 2008/2009. Director J.H. Armenteros. Ed. CRUE, Madrid, 2010.Informe CYD 2010. La contribución de las universidades españolas al desarrollo. Ed. Fundación Conocimiento y Desarrollo, Barcelona, 2011Informe COTEC 2011. Tecnología e Innovación en España 2011. Fundación COTEC para la Innovación Tecnológica, Madrid, 2011Campus de Excelencia Internacional. Convocatoria CEI 2010. Presentación de los proyectos seleccionados. Ministerio de Educación y Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. https://sede.educacion.gob.es/publiventa/detalle.action?cod=13690Kroll H, Stahlecker, T., Europe's regional research systems: current trends and structures. European Commission. European Research Area. 2009. http://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/pdf/download_en/kf2008.pd

In vivo antioxidant treatment protects against bleomycin-induced lung damage in rats

This study examines the activity of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats with emphasis on the early inflammatory phase. Rats receiving N-acetylcysteine (300 mg kg−1 day−1, intraperitoneal) had less augmented lung wet weight, and lower levels of proteins, lactate dehydrogenase, neutrophil and macrophage counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung myeloperoxidase activity with a betterment of histological score at 3 days postbleomycin. A diminished lung GSH/GSSG ratio and augmented lipid hydroperoxides were observed 3 days postbleomycin. These changes were attenuated by N-acetylcysteine. Alveolar macrophages from bleomycin-exposed rats released augmented amounts of superoxide anion and nitric oxide. N-Acetylcysteine did not modify superoxide anion generation but reduced the increased production of nitric oxide. N-Acetylcysteine suppressed the bleomycin-induced increased activation of lung NF-κB (shift assay and immunohistochemistry), and decreased the augmented levels of the early inflammatory cytokines, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-β, interleukin-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at 1 and 3 days postbleomycin exposure. At 15 days postbleomycin, N-acetylcysteine decreased collagen deposition in bleomycin-exposed rats (hydroxyproline content: 6351±669 and 4626±288 μg per lung in drug vehicle- and N-acetylcysteine-treated rats, respectively; P<0.05). Semiquantitative histological assessment at this stage showed less collagen deposition in N-acetylcysteine-treated rats compared to those receiving bleomycin alone. These results indicate that N-acetylcysteine reduces the primary inflammatory events, thus preventing cellular damage and the subsequent development of pulmonary fibrosis in the bleomycin rat model.This work was supported by Grant 1FD97-1143 from the European Union (Regional Development Funds, FEDER), CICYT (Spanish Government), Regional Government (Generalitat Valenciana) and Grant FIS98/1367 (Spanish Ministry of Health).Peer reviewe

Nuevos avances en medicamentos: avances en el tratamiento de las enfermedades pulmonares

Nuevos avances en medicamentos: avances en el tratamiento de las enfermedades pulmonares

Elimination of trace organics in an MBR/RO system for water reuse

An intensive programme for detection of trace organics was performed in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant in Almuñécar (south of Spain) over 1 year. The compounds investigated included 15 pharmaceutically active compounds, 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and eight other compounds (nonylphenols, linear alkylbenzene sulphonates and phthalates). The MBR operated with two lines in parallel using a hollow fibre and a flat sheet membrane respectively. Additionally, a reverse osmosis (RO) plant treated the MBR permeate over 1 month and the elimination of trace organics by the MBR/ RO system was assessed. The elimination efficiency of trace organics by the MBR was similar to that found in a conventional activated sludge plant treating the same influent. The concentration of trace organics was reduced after the MBR to a great extent and no significant differences were found between the two lines operating in parallel. The elimination efficiency increased up to 80–100% after passing the RO system. The results indicated that the MBR effluent reached the standard required by the Spanish Royal Decree for Water Reuse and can therefore be reused for multiple purposes, but advanced treatment like RO is necessary when the highest effluent quality is required

Cavity solitons in bidirectional lasers

We show theoretically that a broad area bidirectional laser with slightly different cavity losses for the two counterpropagating fields sustains cavity solitons (CSs). These structures are complementary, i.e., there is a bright (dark) CS in the field with more (less) losses. Interestingly, the CSs can be written/erased by injecting suitable pulses in any of the two counterpropagating fields.Comment: 4 figure

Is the beta3-adrenoceptor (ADRB3) a potential target for uterorelaxant drugs?

The management of premature birth still remains unsatisfactory. Since the relative lack of efficiency and/or safety of current tocolytic agents have been highlighted, it is necessary to develop new uterorelaxant drugs deprived of important maternal and foetal side effects. Our work reported in this review focuses on a potential new target for tocolytic drugs, the β3-adrenoceptor (ADRB3). This third type of ADRB is shown to be present and functional in human myometrium. We demonstrated that ADRB3 agonists are able to inhibit in-vitro spontaneous contractions of myometrial strips, via a cyclic AMP-mediated pathway. Furthermore, we established that ADRB3 is the predominant subtype over the ADRB2 in human myometrium and that its expression is increased in near-term myometrium, compared to non-pregnant myometrium. Finally, we reported that contrary to ADRB2, the human myometrial ADRB3 is resistant to long-term agonist-induced desensitisation. These compelling data confirm the clinical potential interest of ADRB3 agonists in the pharmacological management of preterm labour

Unidad Técnica de Biblioteca y Documentación de la Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (CSIC) (Z-EEAD)

2 Pag. A-3, 1 Fot., 1 Map.Información actualizada de la Unidad Técnica de Biblioteca y Documentación (UTBD) de la Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD-CSIC), una de las 78 Bibliotecas que conforman la Red de Bibliotecas CSIC, en consonancia con la proporcionada en reciente Plan Estratégico CSIC 2010-2013. Incluye relación de Prestaciones de servicio ofrecidas para el período 2010-2013.Peer reviewe

Angiotensin II Induces Neutrophil Accumulation In Vivo Through Generation and Release of CXC Chemokines

Background— Angiotensin II (Ang II) is implicated in the development of cardiac ischemic disorders in which prominent neutrophil accumulation occurs. Ang II can be generated intravascularly by the renin-angiotensin system or extravascularly by mast cell chymase. In this study, we characterized the ability of Ang II to induce neutrophil accumulation. Methods and Results— Intraperitoneal administration of Ang II (1 nmol/L) induced significant neutrophil recruitment within 4 hours (13.3±2.3x106 neutrophils per rat versus 0.7±0.5x106 in control animals), which disappeared by 24 hours. Maximal levels of CXC chemokines were detected 1 hour after Ang II injection (577±224 pmol/L cytokine-inducible neutrophil chemoattractant [CINC]/keratinocyte-derived chemokine [KC] versus 5±3, and 281±120 pmol/L macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP-2] versus 14±6). Intravital microscopy within the rat mesenteric microcirculation showed that the short-term (30 to 60 minutes) leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions induced by Ang II were attenuated by an anti-rat CINC/KC antibody and nearly abolished by the CXCR2 antagonist SB-517785-M. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) or human pulmonary artery media in culture, Ang II induced interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA expression at 1, 4, and 24 hours and the release of IL-8 at 4 hours through interaction with Ang II type 1 receptors. When HUVECs were pretreated with IL-1 for 24 hours to promote IL-8 storage in Weibel-Palade bodies, the Ang II–induced IL-8 release was more rapid and of greater magnitude. Conclusions— Ang II provokes rapid neutrophil recruitment, mediated through the release of CXC chemokines such as CINC/KC and MIP-2 in rats and IL-8 in humans, and may contribute to the infiltration of neutrophils observed in acute myocardial infarction.Mata Roig, Manuel, [email protected] ; Cortijo Gimeno, Julio, [email protected] ; Morcillo Sanchez, Esteban Jesus, [email protected] ; Jose, Peter J., [email protected] ; Sanz Ferrando, Maria Jesus, [email protected]

Inorganic arsenic causes apoptosis cell death and immunotoxicity on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Inorganic arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic pollutants in the water. We have studied their effects on the marine teleost European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) at 2 and 10 days of 5 μMofAs2O3 (sub-lethal doses) waterborne exposure. Arsenic accumulates in liver and gill tissues. The expression profile of five genes (bax, blc2, casp3, casp8 and casp9) involved in apoptosis cell death confirmed apoptotic effects in liver, slight changes in gill and no effects in skin according with the histopathology findings. Total IgM level and peroxidase activities were increased at 2 and 10 days, respectively. The bactericidal activity was decreased at 2 days after As exposure. A general decrease of cellular immune activities with significant differences in the case of respiratory burst activity was observed after 2 and 10 days of exposure. This work describes for the first time the effects of As exposure on European sea bass.Versión del editor2,35

Generación de una línea celular de cerebro de lubina (DBL-1). Aplicación en estudios de toxicología y virología

Las líneas celulares son herramientas fundamentales para diversos estudios de Biología. En peces existen pocas líneas celulares y muy pocas de peces marinos. Por ello, hemos generado y caracterizado una línea celular (DLB-1) a partir de cerebro de lubina (Dicentrarchus labrax) y evaluamos su posible aplicación en Toxicología y Virología de peces. La incubación con distintos metales pesados (Cd, Hg, As o Pb) produce mortalidad en las células DLB-1 de manera dosis-dependiente, siendo muy tóxicos el Cd, Hg y As y muy poco el plomo. Además, se indujo la expresión del gen de la metalotioneína. Por otro lado, hemos evaluado la susceptibilidad de las células DLB-1 a nodavirus, el principal virus que afecta a lubinas. Los datos muestran que las células DLB-1 son susceptibles a los 4 genotipos de nodavirus. Esta línea celular puede ser muy útil para diversos estudios de la Biología de peces, concretamente de la lubina