Replicación de las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva

En este trabajo se presenta una replicación de las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva. Este cuestionario es utilizado en Psicología del Deporte con el fin de realizar un screening y establecer un perfil de puntos fuertes y débiles. Esta investigación se realizó con una muestra superior al estudio inicial (3434 participantes, 1066 mujeres, 31 %; y, 2356 son hombres, 68.6 %). El muestreo ha sido polietápico, estratificado y por conglomerados. A través de análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) se estiman propiedades psicométricas que no figuran en el trabajo inicial (fiabilidad compuesta, varianza media extractada, validez convergente y discriminante). Los resultados obtenidos coinciden con los estimados en la versión original del cuestionario, situándose todos los índices de ajuste de forma óptima, permitiendo afirmar que esta herramienta es adecuada, óptima y parsimoniosa.This paper presents a replication of the psychometric properties of the Sports Performance Psychological Inventory. This questionnaire is used in Sport Psychology to conduct a screening and establish a profile of strengths and weaknesses. This research was conducted with a sample exceeding initial study (3434 participants, 1066 women, 31%, and, 2356 men, 68.6%). Sampling was multistage, stratified cluster. Through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) psychometric properties that are not listed in the initial work (composite reliability, average variance extracted, convergent and discriminant validity) are estimated. The results confirm those found initially, reaching all of them adjustment indices optimally, allowing us to say that this tool is appropriate, optimal and parsimonious.Neste trabalho é apresentada uma replicação das propriedades psicométricas do Inventário Psicológico de Execução Desportiva. Este questionário é utilizado em Psicologia do Desporto com o objectivo final de realizar um screening e estabelecer um perfil de pontos fortes e débeis. Esta investigação foi realizada com uma amostra superior ao estudo inicial (3434 participantes, 1066 mulheres, 31 %; e, 2356 homens, 68.6 %). A amostragem é de tipo polietápico, estratificado e por clusters. Através da análise factorial confirmatória (AFC) foram estimadas as propriedades psicométricas que não figuram no trabalho inicial (fidelidade composta, variância média estratificada, validade convergente e discriminante). Os resultados obtidos coincidem com os estimados na versão original do questionário, todos os índices revelam ajustamento óptimo, permitindo afirmar que esta ferramenta é adequada, óptima e parcimoniosa

Hernia de hiato: a propósito de un caso.

La hernia de hiato es un defecto anatómico frecuente en nuestro medio que se produce en el diafragma debido a factores como la debilidad de éste por el paso del tiempo, traumatismos o alteraciones congénitas. Esta alteración supone un ascenso del estómago a la cavidad torácica, lo cual implica la aparición en algunos casos de síntomas de reflujo gastroesófagico y complicaciones. El diafragma tiene su origen en el septo transverso, las membranas pleuroperitoneales, el mesenterio dorsal del esófago y el crecimiento muscular de los somitas en los segmentos cervicales 3 a 5 de la pared corporal, mientras que el esófago y el estómago derivan del intestino primitivo anterior. La mejor prueba de imagen para su diagnóstico es el esofagograma de bario, mientras que el tratamiento es en un principio higiénico-dietético y médico, si bien derivará en cirugía en caso de que no se controlen los síntomas. Así, en este trabajo se pretende hacer una revisión en profundidad de la etiología de la hernia de hiato, su clínica, su diagnóstico y su tratamiento acompañándolo de un caso clínico.<br /

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus—Report 2: Diabetic Kidney Disease

Diabetic nephropathy; Oculomics; Perfusion densityNefropatía diabética; Oculómica; Densidad de perfusiónNefropatia diabètica; Oculòmica; Densitat de perfusióThe purpose of this study is to investigate potential associations between optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) categories in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and controls. A complete ocular and systemic examination, including OCTA imaging tests and bloods, was performed. OCTA parameters included vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), foveal avascular zone area (FAZa), perimeter (FAZp) and circularity (FAZc) in the superficial vascular plexus, and DKD categories were defined according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and KDIGO prognosis risk classifications. A total of 425 individuals (1 eye/1 patient) were included. Reduced VD and FAZc were associated with greater categories of GFR (p = 0.002, p = 0.04), ACR (p = 0.003, p = 0.005) and KDIGO risk prognosis classifications (p = 0.002, p = 0.005). FAZc was significantly reduced in greater KDIGO prognosis risk categories (low risk vs. moderate risk, 0.65 ± 0.09 vs. 0.60 ± 0.07, p < 0.05). VD and FAZc presented the best diagnostic performance in ROCs. In conclusion, OCTA parameters, such as VD and FAZc, are able to detect different GFR, ACR, and KDIGO categories in T1DM patients and controls in a non-invasive, objective quantitative way. FAZc is able to discriminate within T1DM patients those with greater DKD categories and greater risk of DKD progression.This research was funded by Fundació La Marató de TV3, La Marató 2015, Diabetis i Obesitat (grant number 201633.10) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, (through the project PI18/00518, co-funded by European Regional Development Fund “Investing in your future”). This study has undergone peer review separately by both funding bodies. None of the funding bodies have had any access to the study design, the study data or the study conclusions

Splenic rupture as a complication of an infectious mononucleosis

Presentamos el caso de un varón de 16 años que consultó en Urgencias por dolor abdominal brusco de varias horas de evolución asociando pérdida de conciencia. En días previos había presentado odinofagia y fiebre alta. En las pruebas complementarias destacaba la presencia de leucocitosis de predominio linfocítico, mientras que tanto la ecografía como la tomografía computarizada desvelaron una rotura esplénica con hemoperitoneo, por lo que se llevó a cabo cirugía urgente (esplenectomía), que cursó sin incidencias. La rotura esplénica supone una situación de emergencia vital en el paciente joven, por lo que una buena anamnesis y exploración física es esencial para así evitar errores en la práctica clínica que puedan conllevar un desenlace potencialmente fatal.We present the case of a 16-year-old male who asked in an emergency department for sudden abdominal pain since many hours and loss of consciousness. Few days before, he had odynophagia and high fever. Leucocytosis with lymphocytosis predominance in analysis and splenic rupture with hemoperitoneum in echography and computerized tomography was shown. The treatment consisted in urgent surgery (splenectomy), which was uneventful. Splenic rupture is an emergency in young patients, so it is essential to do a good anamnesis and physical exploration to avoid mistakes with a potentially fatal outcome

The Influence of the media and advertising on eating disorders

This article describes a literature review of the influence of advertising and the media on Eating Disorders (ED). Research published in scientific journals in various fields of social sciences such as sychology, psychiatry and communication science has enabled us to conclude that the content displayed in the media, including advertising, are enhancers of disorders and contribute significantly to body issatisfaction in relation to the perceived idea of beauty, it also facilitates the development of weight loss strategies in women and gain of muscle mass in men

Hiatus hernia as a cause of gastroesophageal reflux. Case report

Objetivo: Presentar un caso de hernia de hiato como causa de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico. Metodología: Mujer de 68 años valorada en Consultas Externas de Cirugía General por cuadro de dolor abdominal y pirosis. Diagnosticada de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico secundaria a hernia de hiato, se propone tratamiento quirúrgico para realizar una técnica antirreflujo por vía laparoscópica. Resultados: El postoperatorio y el seguimiento cursaron sin complicaciones evidenciándose un esófago sin alteraciones de calibre y sin dificultades en la progresión de la columna de contraste al estómago. La paciente presenta un buen estado clínico y es dada de alta definitiva. Conclusiones: La hernia de hiato es una de las causas más frecuentes de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico. En caso de fracaso del tratamiento médico, la cirugía antirreflujo por vía laparoscópica es la técnica de elección, permitiendo una más rápida y mejor recuperación postoperatoria, y un buen resultado funcional a largo plazo.Objective: To present a case of hiatus hernia as a cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methodology: A 68-year-old woman was evaluated in External Consultations of General Surgery due to abdominal pain and heartburn. Being diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease secondary to hiatus hernia, surgical treatment is proposed to perform a laparoscopic antireflux technique. Results: The postoperative period and follow-up were without complications, evidencing an esophagus without alterations of caliber and without difficulties in the progression of the contrast column to the stomach. The patient has a good clinical condition and is definitively discharged. Conclusions: Hiatus hernia is one of the most frequent causes of gastroesophageal reflux disease. In case of failure of medical treatment, laparoscopic antireflux surgery is the technique of choice, allowing a faster and better postoperative recovery, and a good long-term functional result

Association of urinary activity of MMP-9 with renal impairment in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background Diabetic kidney disease is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). An early event in diabetic kidney disease is alteration of the glomerular basement membrane and the mesangial expansion. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of endopeptidases responsible for controlling the pathophysiological remodeling of tissues, including renal tissues. MMP-9 in human urine has been proposed as a marker of diabetic nephropathy and urinary tract infections (UTI). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who receive first level medical attention in Mexico. We used ELISA to measure MMP-9 levels in the urine of subjects with T2DM ≥ 18 years of age, who fulfilled the clinical requirements for calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), according to the K/DOQI guide, in an attempt to identify whether MMP-9 levels in T2DM differ in patients with and without renal impairment. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed in order to identify the association between MMP-9 and renal impairment. Results Included in the study were 34 (45%) subjects with renal impairment and 42 (55%) without. In the group with renal impairment, 10 subjects corresponded to stages 1–2 and 24 subjects corresponded to stage 3, according to their values of GFR and urinary albumin, following that proposed by the K/DOQI. No differences were found relating to sex, age, having or not having a partner, education, being able to read and write a message and duration of T2DM. Moreover, no differences were found between the groups in terms of weight, height, body mass index, waist size in general and frequency of UTI. In contrast, serum creatinine and urinary albumin were higher in the group with renal impairment, while GFR was greater in the group without renal impairment. Levels of MMP-9 were greater in women compared to men. Through univariate analysis in the general population, the presence of MMP-9 and that of its percentile 90 (P90) P90 were associated with the renal impairment group; however, in patients without UTI, only the presence of MMP-9 was associated with the renal impairment group, and no association was found with its P90. Multivariate analysis revealed an association between MMP-9 and its P90 with renal impairment. Discussion It is necessary to validate sensitive and non-invasive biological markers of CKD. We demonstrate that the presence and P90 of urinary MMP-9 are associated with renal impairment in Mexican patients with T2DM. While high levels of MMP-9 were associated to females and UTI, the presence of UTI was not associated with the incidence of renal impairment

RB mutation and RAS overexpression induce resistance to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in glioma cells

Several theories aim to explain the malignant transformation of cells, including the mutation of tumor suppressors and proto-oncogenes. Deletion of Rb (a tumor suppressor), overexpression of mutated Ras (a proto-oncogene), or both, are sufficient for in vitro gliomagenesis, and these genetic traits are associated with their proliferative capacity. An emerging hallmark of cancer is the ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system. Whether specific mutations are related with this, remains to be analyzed. To address this issue, three transformed glioma cell lines were obtained (Rb(-/-), Ras(V12), and Rb(-/-)/Ras(V12)) by in vitro retroviral transformation of astrocytes, as previously reported. In addition, Ras(V12) and Rb(-/-)/Ras(V12) transformed cells were injected into SCID mice and after tumor growth two stable glioma cell lines were derived. All these cells were characterized in terms of Rb and Ras gene expression, morphology, proliferative capacity, expression of MHC I, Rae1delta, and Rae1alphabetagammadeltaepsilon, mult1, H60a, H60b, H60c, as ligands for NK cell receptors, and their susceptibility to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Our results show that transformation of astrocytes (Rb loss, Ras overexpression, or both) induced phenotypical and functional changes associated with resistance to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Moreover, the transfer of cell lines of transformed astrocytes into SCID mice increased resistance to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, thus suggesting that specific changes in a tumor suppressor (Rb) and a proto-oncogene (Ras) are enough to confer resistance to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in glioma cells and therefore provide some insight into the ability of tumor cells to evade immune responses.Xunta de GaliciaComisión EuropeaInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT)FOSSISXunta de Galicia/PXIB208091PRISCIII/CB158340ISCIII/CB180851FOSSIS/18236

Chronic Fatigue, Physical Impairments and Quality of Life in Women with Endometriosis: A Case-Control Study

The authors are indebted with all participants, without whom this work would not have been possible. We are grateful to Ana Yara Postigo-Fuentes for her assistance with the English language. This paper is part of the PhD thesis developed by A. Lara-Ramos in the Official Doctoral Programme in Clinical Medicine and Public Health of the University of Granada.Aim: To explore endometriosis-related fatigue (ERF), health-related fitness, sleep quality, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with endometriosis in comparison with matched controls. Methods: Twenty-five affected women and twenty-five age and height-matched women without endometriosis were included. ERF was assessed through the Piper Fatigue Scale; health-related fitness was assessed through the Schöber, flamingo, and 6-min walking tests and dynamometry; and body composition was assessed through impedanciometry. Self-perceived physical fitness, sleep quality, and HRQoL were assessed through the International Fitness Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey, respectively. Results: Affected women exhibited higher levels of ERF than controls, increased fat mass, and physical deconditioning (reduced back strength, lumbar flexibility, body balance, and functional capacity, p-values < 0.050). Moreover, cases also had poorer perceived physical fitness, sleep quality, and HRQoL (p-value < 0.050). Finally, we observed deteriorated health-related fitness, sleep quality, and HRQoL in those women with endometriosis with higher levels of ERF. Conclusions: This study constitutes the first evidence that women with endometriosis describe a generalized physical deconditioning, even more pronounced in affected women with higher levels of ERF. Further studies assessing the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions to face these physical impairments in women with endometriosis are warranted.Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII)-FEDER PI17/01743PAIDI group CTS-206University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Junta de AndaluciaConsejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y UniversidadesEuropean Union (EU) SOMM17/6107/UG

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-Report 2: Diabetic Kidney Disease.

The purpose of this study is to investigate potential associations between optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) categories in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and controls. A complete ocular and systemic examination, including OCTA imaging tests and bloods, was performed. OCTA parameters included vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), foveal avascular zone area (FAZa), perimeter (FAZp) and circularity (FAZc) in the superficial vascular plexus, and DKD categories were defined according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and KDIGO prognosis risk classifications. A total of 425 individuals (1 eye/1 patient) were included. Reduced VD and FAZc were associated with greater categories of GFR (p = 0.002, p = 0.04), ACR (p = 0.003, p = 0.005) and KDIGO risk prognosis classifications (p = 0.002, p = 0.005). FAZc was significantly reduced in greater KDIGO prognosis risk categories (low risk vs. moderate risk, 0.65 ± 0.09 vs. 0.60 ± 0.07, p < 0.05). VD and FAZc presented the best diagnostic performance in ROCs. In conclusion, OCTA parameters, such as VD and FAZc, are able to detect different GFR, ACR, and KDIGO categories in T1DM patients and controls in a non-invasive, objective quantitative way. FAZc is able to discriminate within T1DM patients those with greater DKD categories and greater risk of DKD progression