Assessment of precipitation variability and trends based on satellite estimations for a heterogeneous Colombian region

Adequate water resources management includes understanding patterns and spatiotemporal variability of precipitation, as this variable is determinant for ecosystems’ stability, food security, and most human activities. Based on satellite estimations validated through ground measurements from 59 meteorological stations, the objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term spatiotemporal variability and trends of the average monthly precipitation in the Magdalena Department, Colombia, for the 1981–2018 period. This heterogeneous region comprises many different ecoregions in its 23,188 km2 area. The analysis of spatial variability allowed for the determination of four different subregions based on the differences in the average values of precipitation and the degree of rainfall variability. The trend analysis indicates that the current rainfall patterns contradict previous estimates of a progressive decrease in annual averages due to climate change in the study region, as most of the department does not exhibit statistically significant trends, except for the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta area, where this study found reductions between 10 mm yr−1 and 30 mm yr−1. The findings of this study also suggest the existence of some links between precipitation patterns with regional phenomena of climate variability and solar activity

El packaging y su efecto en el comportamiento de compra del consumidor en una empresa industrial

La investigación realizada sostuvo la finalidad de demostrar el efecto que genera el packaging en el comportamiento de compra del consumidor en una empresa industrial. Para las empresas es fundamental generar atracción y consumo de sus productos, ya que esto representaría mayores ventas e incremento de rentabilidad. La metodología empleada fue de tipo aplicado, con un enfoque cuantitativo, bajo un diseño no experimental, tipo correlacional transversal con alcance causal. Es así como la población está incluida por 135 consumidores y una muestra formada por 100 encuestados. Además, se utilizó como instrumento un cuestionario para la totalidad de las variables de estudio. Frente a los resultados del estudio se obtuvo una correlación del packaging en un ,825 y respecto al comportamiento de compra del consumidor en un ,548 evidenciando significativamente una relación moderada entre ambas variables latentes, se obtuvo un sig. (bilateral)= ,000. mostrando un valor fuerte de confiabilidad, datos que fueron procesados en el software Smart PLS. Concluyendo que el packaging tiene un efecto altamente significativo en el comportamiento de compra del consumidor en una empresa industrial

Effect of joint physical activity on the physical condition of parents and children

Family physical activity can have beneficial effects on the physical condition of parents and children. Method: Uncontrolled longitudinal intervention study. 152 children aged 3 to 10 years (79 Boys: 5.60 ± 2.20 yr., 73 Girls: 6.90 ± 2.20 yr.) and 112 parents aged 30 to 40 years (36 Parents: 41.87 ± 4.45 yr.; 76 Mothers: 40.01 ± 2.96 yr.). They carried out 2 hours of joint activity on a weekly basis from October to June. Physical fitness was assessed by ALPHA-Fitness and PRE-FIT batteries at the beginning and end of the intervention. A descriptive analysis and a t-student for paired variables were performed. Results: The 3-6-year-old girls improved the Standing long jump (33.50 ± 10.61 vs 78.11 ± 8.64 cm) * and the 20 m shuttle run test (7.00 ± 2, 83 vs. 22.50 ± 0.71) *, (*p <0.05). Girls over 6 years of age decreased in Handgrip strength and 4x10 m shuttle run test (15.84 ± 1.21 vs 16.95 ± 83) * but improved in the 20 m shuttle run test (13.97 ± 5.48 vs 23.09 ± 7.49) *, (*p <0.05). The parents improved their BMI (25.04 ± 2.60 vs 24.19 ± 1.50)*, the right Handgrip strength (37.02 ± 10.25 vs 41.17 ± 9.57 kg)*, the Standing long jump (156.17 ± 31.48 vs 181.00 ± 28.82 cm)*, 4x10 m shuttle run test (12.95 ± 1.30 vs 12.11 ± 1.09 s)* in the 20 m shuttle run test (37.90 ± 20.43 vs 54.20 ± 9.51 turns)*, (* p <0.05). Conclusion: A physical exercise based on joint family activity produces improvements in some variables related to the physical condition of the girls and in the parents. Implication: Parents should exercise and plan family sports activities if they want their child to be active

Effects of the “MAMI Deporte®” Family Sports Program on Parents’ Motivation towards Sport Participation: A Randomized Controlled Intervention

As most parents do not meet physical activity (PA) recommendations, new PA promotion strategies need to be developed considering the role of motivation as an essential underlying factor of PA behavior. Recreational sports programs practiced in the family would represent an effective strategy to promote PA for the entire family in general, and for parents in particular. Building upon self-determination theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the Active Methodology for Improving Sports Initiation (MAMI Deporte®) program on parents’ behavioral regulation. The participants were 58 parents (50% men) and 78 children (48.71% boys), who were randomized into a control group (29 parents and 39 children), which followed its habitual sports activity over 8 months, and an experimental group (29 parents and 39 children), which completed the MAMI Deporte® program. Specifically, the MAMI Deporte® program focused on simultaneous participation between parents and children in multisports activities, including 32 lessons distributed into 2 h/week for 8 months. Pre-and-post-intervention measures were collected. The results showed significant differences in the parents’ level of intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, identified regulation and introjected regulation in favor of the experimental group. Nonsignificant effects were found for gender. These results were discussed, highlighting the internalization process of the value of sport in the family experienced by parents after the MAMI Deporte® family-based sports program.University of Granada 15-8

Influence of sport education on high school students’ motivational response: A gender perspective

Esta investigación fue llevada a cabo gracias al proyecto de investigación: Influencia del modelo de Educación Deportiva sobre la enseñanza del contenido curricular del deporte en el alumnado y profesorado en clase de Educación Física en enseñanza de bachillerato: Un nuevo vínculo entre la EF y el tiempo de ocio (PIV: 043/08) financiado por la Junta de Andalucía. Igualmente, agradecer al Departamento de Educación, Universidad de Almería (España) y al Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad de Granada (España), su colaboración siendo el lugar donde desarrollan su actividad docente y de investigación los autores de este artículo.El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar el impacto de la Educación Deportiva sobre la motivación del alumnado de bachillerato, considerando la influencia del género. Los participantes fueron 75 estudiantes de bachillerato (38 chicos y 37 chicas; Medad = 16.75, DTedad = 0.87) de tres clases de educación física, quienes completaron medidas sobre regulación motivacional, metas de logro 2x2 y metas sociales al inicio y final de la intervención. El programa de intervención basado en la Educación Deportiva incluyó 12 sesiones de 55 minutos, dos veces por semana en horario habitual de educación física. Los resultados del MANOVA 2x2 mostraron un aumento significativo en la motivación intrínseca, regulación integrada, identificada e introyectada y, en las metas de aproximación-maestría, metas de responsabilidad y de relación. Se encontraron disminuciones significativas en desmotivación, metas de aproximación-rendimiento y evitación-maestría. En cuanto al género, se encontraron cambios significativos en la regulación identificada entre los alumnos y alumnas en el post-test. Por otra parte, se hallaron cambios significativos en regulación identificada, metas de aproximación-maestría y metas de responsabilidad en los alumnos entre el pre-test y el post-test. Las alumnas mostraron cambios significativos en regulación introyectada, desmotivación, metas de evitación-maestría y, metas de responsabilidad y relación. En su conjunto, la Educación Deportiva es un modelo pedagógico que favorece la adecuada respuesta motivacional del alumnado de bachillerato en términos de auto-determinación, motivacional al logro y motivación social en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje deportivo en la clase de educación física.This research aimed at analysing the impact of Sport Education on high school students’ motivation, considering the effect of gender. The participants were 75 high school students (38 boys and 37 girls, Mage = 16.75, SDage = 0.87) from three physical education classes who completed measures on behavioural regulation, 2x2 achievement goals and social goals in the beginning and the end of the intervention. The intervention programme under Sport Education conditions included twelve 50-minutes lessons, twice per week in regular physical education schedule. The results derived from 2x2 MANOVA showed a significant increase in intrinsic motivation, integrated, identified and introjected regulation, and mastery-approach goals, and responsibility and relationship goals. There was also a significant decrease in amotivation, performance-approach goals and mastery-avoidance goals. With respect to gender, significant differences were found in identified regulation between male and female students at post-test. Moreover, there were significant changes in identified regulation, mastery-approach goals and responsibility goals in male students between pre-test and post-test. For female students, significant differences were found in introjected regulation, amotivation, mastery-avoidance goals, and responsibility and relationship goals between pre-test and post-test. As a whole, Sport Education is a pedagogical model that promotes the high school students’ adequate motivational response in terms of self-determination, achievement motivation and social motivation in the sport teaching-learning process in physical education.Proyecto de investigación: Influencia del modelo de Educación Deportiva sobre la enseñanza del contenido curricular del deporte en el alumnado y profesorado en clase de Educación Física en enseñanza de bachillerato: Un nuevo vínculo entre la EF y el tiempo de ocio (PIV: 043/08) financiado por la Junta de Andalucí

Clarifying the influence of sport education on basic psychological need satisfaction in high school students

Based on Self-Determination Theory, this research aimed to examine la influence of Sport Education on basic psychological need satisfaction in the sport teaching-learning process that takes place in Physical Education. The participants were 44 high school students (22 men and 22 women; Mage = 16.32, SDage = 0.57) and 2 Physical Education pre-service teachers. The design was a quasi-experimental study with, a priori, non-equivalent control group using pre- and post- intervention measures and intra- and inter- analyses. The intervention consisted of 12 basketball sessions both for the experimental group (n = 22), which developed Sport Education, and for the control group (n = 22), which developed the traditional teaching. The results showed that Sport Education significantly improved the levels of autonomy, competence and relatedness need satisfaction in the inter-group analysis and in the intra-group analysis. In its conclusion, the suitability of Sport Education to contribute developing students’ basic psychological need satisfaction in the sport teaching-learning process in Physical Education was indicated

Educación Deportiva versus Enseñanza Tradicional: Influencia sobre la regulación motivacional en alumnado de Bachillerato

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el impacto de una intervención basada en el Modelo de Educación Deportiva (MED), en comparación con el Modelo de Enseñanza Tradicional (MET), sobre la regulación motivacional en alumnado de bachillerato en clase de Educación Física. Participó un total de 44 estudiantes (22 hombres y 22 mujeres, Medad = 16.32, DT = 0.57) de bachillerato. El diseño fue un estudio cuasi-experimental con medidas pre- y post-test y comparaciones intra- e inter-grupo. El programa de intervención consistió en 12 sesiones para la enseñanza del baloncesto, siguiéndose las directrices recomendadas por la literatura tanto para el grupo MED como para el grupo MET. Los resultados han indicado que el MED, respecto al MET, mejoró signicativamente el nivel de motivación intrínseca y de regulación identicada. Los hallazgos también han mostrado como el MED redujo signicativamente el nivel de regulación externa y desmotivación comparado con el MET. Como conclusión, el MED es un modelo de enseñanza deportiva que favorece el desarrollo de las regulaciones de motivación más autodeterminadas (motivación intrínseca y regulación identicada) en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el contexto escolar, lo que podría suscitar el interés en el alumnado por la práctica deportiva de modo regular en el tiempo libre.

Psychometric analysis of the Physical Education Season Survey in Spanish secondary education students

Tomando como referencia el modelo pedagógico de Educación Deportiva (ED), esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la primera sección de la Physical Education Season Survey al objeto de medir las seis características estructurales de la ED en el contexto español. Los participantes fueron 608 estudiantes de educación secundaria obligatoria y post-obligatoria (323 chicos y 285 chicas; Medad = 14.99, DT = 1.58) quienes completaron una intervención de 12 sesiones en clase de Educación Física (EF) de acuerdo con las directrices propuestas para este modelo basado en la práctica. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un buen ajuste para la estructura unidimensional de 6 ítems, la cual permaneció invariante respecto al género y edad. El análisis de consistencia interna reflejó adecuados valores. Los tres análisis de regresión lineal revelaron que la ED predijo de manera positiva la competencia percibida, el compromiso deportivo y el juego limpio, respectivamente. La Physical Education Season Survey se muestra como una medida válida y fiable para evaluar las seis características nucleares de la ED en el contexto español de la EF. With reference to the Sport Education pedagogical model, this research aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the first section of the Physical Education Season Survey in order to measure the six structural features of Sport Education in the Spanish context. The participants were 608 Post-Compulsory and Compulsory Secondary students (323 boys and 285 girls; Mage = 14.99, SD = 1.58), who completed a 12-session intervention in Physical Education class according to the guidelines proposed for this model-based practice. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit for the 6-ítem and 1-factor structure, which was invariant across gender and age. The internal consistence analysis reflected adequate values. The three lineal regression analyses revealed that sport education predicted positively perceived competence, sport engagement and fair play, respectively. The Physical Education Season Survey is shown to be a valid and reliable measure to assess the six core features of Sport Education in the Spanish Physical Education context

Effects of the “MAMI Deporte®” Family Sports Program on Parents’ Motivation towards Sport Participation: A Randomized Controlled Intervention

As most parents do not meet physical activity (PA) recommendations, new PA promotion strategies need to be developed considering the role of motivation as an essential underlying factor of PA behavior. Recreational sports programs practiced in the family would represent an effective strategy to promote PA for the entire family in general, and for parents in particular. Building upon self-determination theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the Active Methodology for Improving Sports Initiation (MAMI Deporte®) program on parents’ behavioral regulation. The participants were 58 parents (50% men) and 78 children (48.71% boys), who were randomized into a control group (29 parents and 39 children), which followed its habitual sports activity over 8 months, and an experimental group (29 parents and 39 children), which completed the MAMI Deporte® program. Specifically, the MAMI Deporte® program focused on simultaneous participation between parents and children in multisports activities, including 32 lessons distributed into 2 h/week for 8 months. Pre-and-post-intervention measures were collected. The results showed significant differences in the parents’ level of intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, identified regulation and introjected regulation in favor of the experimental group. Nonsignificant effects were found for gender. These results were discussed, highlighting the internalization process of the value of sport in the family experienced by parents after the MAMI Deporte® family-based sports program

High MICs for Vancomycin and Daptomycin and Complicated Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections with Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus

We investigated the prognostic role of high MICs for antistaphylococcal agents in patients with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus catheter-related bloodstream infection (MSSA CRBSI). We prospectively reviewed 83 episodes from 5 centers in Spain during April 2011 June 2014 that had optimized clinical management and analyzed the relationship between E-test MICs for vancomycin, daptomycin, oxacillin, and linezolid and development of complicated bacteremia by using multivariate analysis. Complicated MSSA CRBSI occurred in 26 (31.3%) patients; MICs for vancomycin and daptomycin were higher in these patients (optimal cutoff values for predictive accuracy = 1.5 mu g/mL and 0.5 mu g/mL). High MICs for vancomycin (hazard ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-5.5) and daptomycin (hazard ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.9) were independent risk factors for development of complicated MSSA CRBSI. Our data suggest that patients with MSSA CRBSI caused by strains that have high MICs for vancomycin or daptomycin are at increased risk for complications