Kinetic modelling of anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and Sherry-wine distillery wastewater: Effect of substrate composition in batch bioreactor.

Batch thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge (SS) and Sherry-wine distillery wastewater (SW-DW) was investigated through biochemical methane potential tests (BMP). The results pointed out that biodegradability and biomethane potential were enhanced proportionally to the percentage of SW-DW of the feedstock, whose soluble biodegradability fraction is 10-fold higher than SS. Specifically, organic matter removal increases from 37 % (employing sole SS as feedstock) to 60 % (employing sole SW-DW as feedstock). SW-DW almost doubles methane yield in comparison to SS (302 ± 15 and 175 ± 9 NL/kg, respectively). A structured kinetic model was developed considering hydrolysis, acidogenic and methanogenic steps of anaerobic digestion. A non-linear multiple-response regression was employed to estimate the kinetic parameters for each feedstock (0%(v/v) SW-DW, 25%(v/v) SW-DW, 50%(v/v) SW-DW, 75%(v/v) SW-DW, and 100%(v/v) SW-DW). The first-order kinetic parameter estimated of the hydrolysis step varies inversely proportional to the percentage of SW-DW content in the feedstock. Whereas, there is no significant influence of feedstock composition on kinetic parameters value regarding acidogenesis and methanogenesis. These results showed that rate–limiting step switched during the fermentation and the addition of SW–DW favours acidogenic and methanogenic steps. In summary, the proposed kinetic model was able to predict batch experimental data, supporting the application of biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion of SS and DW-DW.post-print703 K

Kinetic modelling of anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and Sherry-wine distillery wastewater: Effect of substrate composition in batch bioreactor

Batch thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge (SS) and Sherry-wine distillery wastewater (SW-DW) was investigated through biochemical methane potential tests (BMP). The results pointed out that biodegrad-ability and biomethane potential were enhanced proportionally to the percentage of SW-DW of the feedstock, whose soluble biodegradability fraction is 10-fold higher than SS. Specifically, organic matter removal increases from 37 % (employing sole SS as feedstock) to 60 % (employing sole SW-DW as feedstock). SW-DW almost doubles methane yield in comparison to SS (302 +/- 15 and 175 +/- 9 NL/kg, respectively). A structured kinetic model was developed considering hydrolysis, acidogenic and methanogenic steps of anaerobic digestion. A non-linear multiple-response regression was employed to estimate the kinetic parameters for each feedstock (0%(v/v) SW-DW, 25%(v/v) SW-DW, 50%(v/v) SW-DW, 75%(v/v) SW-DW, and 100%(v/v) SW-DW). The first-order kinetic parameter estimated of the hydrolysis step varies inversely proportional to the percentage of SW-DW content in the feedstock. Whereas, there is no significant influence of feedstock compo-sition on kinetic parameters value regarding acidogenesis and methanogenesis. These results showed that rate-limiting step switched during the fermentation and the addition of SW-DW favours acidogenic and meth-anogenic steps. In summary, the proposed kinetic model was able to predict batch experimental data, supporting the application of biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion of SS and DW-DW

Effect of the mixing ratio on the composting of OFMSW digestate: assessment of compost quality

This study presents the results obtained in compostability tests of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) digestate. The final aim was to obtain mature compost without phytotoxic effects. For the evaluation of the composting process, a novel parameter describing the performance of the composting process, the relative heat generation standardized with the initial volatile solid content (RHGVS(0)), was defined and evaluated at laboratory-scale. From these laboratory-scale test, the optimum operational conditions were obtained, a mixing ratio (v/v) of 1:1:0 (bulking agent:digestate:co-substrate) and with 15% of mature compost as inoculum. Subsequently, these optimum operational conditions were applied in the active phase of the composting pilot-scale reactor. The active composting stage took 7 days, subsequently a curing phase of 60 days was carried out at ambient conditions. After 30 days of curing, the mature compost showed a specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) of 0.14 mg O-2/g VS center dot h, a germination index (GI) of 99.63% and a low volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration (41.3 AcH mg/kg(dm)), being indicative of the good compost stability and maturity of the compost. The very good quality of the final compost obtained indicated that the RHGVS(0) accurately describes the performance of the composting process

Aerobiologia e Saúde

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Aerobiology: as redes de polen e os espores aerovagantes

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Validation of the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II in Spanish University Students

Background: This study aimed to analyse the psychometric properties of the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II (CEI-II) to provide evidence of validity for its use in research on health promotion and the quality of life of young Spanish university students. Method: A sample of 807 participants (75.09% female) aged 18–26 years (M = 20.68; SD = 2.13) completed the CEI-II and health and quality of life measures questionnaire. Results: A unidimensional structure was confirmed, but the original two-dimensional structure also showed an adequate fit. The measures obtained from the CEI-II were gender- and age-invariant, which exhibited adequate internal consistency for both the full scale and subscales, and showed a statistically significant relationship with life satisfaction, sense of coherence, and psychological distress. Conclusions: The CEI-II can be used as unidimensional, which is recommended, but also as a two-dimensional measure. Both structures provide reliable, valid, and invariant measures across gender and age of exploratory behaviours in Spanish university students. Furthermore, the results confirm the association between exploratory behaviours and greater health management.This research was supported by the EPIT 2020 project (University of Huelva, Spain) under Grant UHU-6272020

Aeropalinologia e polinoses

La revista Salud Ambiental dedicó su monográfico de junio de 2016 a la Aerobiología, desde entonces, en este periodo de tiempo la Sociedad Española de Aerobiología (AEA) y la Sociedad Española de Sanidad Ambiental (SESA) han firmado una convenio de colaboración mediante el cual la revista Salud Ambiental también es en el órgano de difusión de las investigaciones que se realizan desde AEA. La idea de promover este nuevo monográfico dedicado a la Aerobiología tiene como finalidad dar adecuada difusión a este acuerdo, estimular a los miembros de AEA a la utilización de la Revista, y favorecer la integración de los miembros de ambas sociedades, impulsando el desarrollo de los estudios aerobiológicos orientados a mejorar la calidad del aire ambiente en nuestro país

Aeropalinologia e polinoses

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Cádmio presente no sangue e a sua relação com o consumo de tabaco numa população de trabalhadores de um hospital

Exposure to cadmium is a public health problem due to the broad exposure to this toxic substance among the general population. The main sources of exposure are both tobacco consumption and tobacco smoke.The aim of this study was to determine the blood cadmium concentration in an employee population drawn from our hospital and its association with tobacco consumption.The exposure questionnaire PESA® was administered to 395 employees. Blood cadmium was measured by electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry.The median blood cadmium concentration was 0.29 μg/L. The median cadmium of current smokers (0.83 μg/L) was the highest, while that for ex-smokers (0.31 μg/L) was also higher than that for those who had never smoked. Among the smokers, an association was observed between the concentration of blood cadmium and the number of cigarettes inhaled.The group of ex-smokers showed an association with the number of cigarettes they had consumed and a negative correlation between the elapsed time between quitting smoking and the concentration of blood cadmium.In never smokers, there was a difference between the concentration of cadmium in those who were passive smokers (0.24 μg/L) and those who were not (0.20 μg/L).The concentration of cadmium in blood is related to the tobacco consumption. Further studies are needed to confirm the finding of higher concentrations of cadmium in passive smokers.La exposición de la población general al cadmio es un problema de salud pública, siendo las principales fuentes tanto el consumo de tabaco como la exposición al humo del mismo.El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la concentración de cadmio en sangre en una población laboral hospitalaria y su asociación con el consumo de tabaco.Se administró el cuestionario PESA® a 395 sujetos. El cadmio en sangre se midió por espectrometría de absorción atómica con atomización electrotérmica.La mediana de cadmio en sangre fue 0,29 μg/L. La mediana de cadmio de los fumadores (0,83 μg/L) fue la más elevada y la de los exfumadores (0,31 μg/L) fue a su vez más elevada que la de aquellos que nunca habían fumado (0,21 μg/L). Dentro del grupo de fumadores, se observó una asociación entre la concentración de cadmio y el número de cigarrillos inhalados.En el grupo de exfumadores se observó una asociación con el número de cigarrillos que habían consumido y una correlación negativa entre el tiempo transcurrido desde el abandono del hábito tabáquico y la concentración de cadmio en sangre.Dentro del grupo de los que nunca habían fumado, se observó una diferencia entre la concentración de cadmio de los fumadores pasivos (0,24 μg/L) y los que no lo eran (0,20 μg/L).La concentración de cadmio en sangre se relacionó con el consumo de tabaco. Son necesarios más estudios para confirmar el hallazgo de concentraciones de cadmio más elevadas en los fumadores pasivos.A exposição da população em geral ao cádmio é um problema de saúde pública, sendo as principais fontes o consumo de tabaco e a exposição ambiental ao fumo do mesmo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a concentração de cádmio no sangue numa população de trabalhadores de um hospital e a sua associação com o consumo de tabaco. Aplicou-se um questionário PESA® a 395 indivíduos. O cádmio no sangue mediu-se por espectrometria de absorção atómica com atomização eletrotérmica. A mediana de cádmio no sangue foi 0,29 μg/L. A mediana de cádmio nos fumadores (0,83 μg/L) foi a mais elevada e a dos ex-fumadores (0,31 μg/L) foi superior à dos indivíduos que nunca tinham fumado (0,21 μg/L). Dentro do grupo de fumadores, observou-se uma associação entre a concentração de cádmio e o número de cigarros fumados. No grupo de ex-fumadores observou-se uma associação com o número de cigarros que tinham consumido e uma correlação negativa entre o tempo decorrido desde o abandono do hábito tabágico e a concentração de cádmio no sangue. Dentro do grupo de pessoas que nunca tinham fumado, observou-se uma diferença entre a concentração de cádmio nos fumadores passivos (0,24 μg/L) em relação àqueles que não o eram (0,20 μg/L). A concentração de cádmio no sangue está relacionada com o consumo de tabaco. São necessários mais estudos para confirmar a existência de concentrações mais altas de cádmio no sangue de fumadores passivos

Gas6, una proteína dependiente de la vitamina k implicada en la respuesta a la infección por sars-cov-2

Trabajo presentado en el LXIII Congreso Nacional SEHH/ XXXVII Congreso Nacional SETH, celebrado en Pamplona (Navarra) del 14 al 16 de octubre de 2021