161 research outputs found

    From Angola to Yugoslavia. Journalism, war conflicts and animated documentary

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    [ES] El presente artĂ­culo se centra en Un dĂ­a mĂĄs con vida (Another Day of Life, RaĂșl de la Fuente, Damian Nenow, 2018) y Chris the Swiss (Anja Kofmel, 2018), dos relevantes documentales animados que profundizan en sendos conflictos bĂ©licos que definieron el devenir histĂłrico de la segunda mitad del s. XX. Y lo hacen denunciando el horror de la guerra a travĂ©s de las experiencias vitales y profesionales de sus protagonistas, testigos privilegiados de dichos acontecimientos. Por un lado, Un dĂ­a mĂĄs con vida recrea las peripecias del reconocido reportero polaco, Richard Kapuscinski, durante el proceso de descolonizaciĂłn de Angola como provincia portuguesa en 1975. Por otro lado, Chris the Swiss se acerca a la guerra de los Balcanes durante los años 90, a travĂ©s de la investigaciĂłn personal desarrollada por la cineasta Anja Kofmel por comprender el cruel asesinato de su primo Christian WĂŒrtenberg, por aquel entonces un joven reportero de guerra.[EN] This paper focuses on Another Day of Life (RaĂșl de la Fuente, Damian Nenow, 2018) and Chris the Swiss (Anja Kofmel, 2018), two recent animated documentary feature films which delve into two important war conflicts that defined the historical development of the second half of the 20th century. These films complaint about the violation of Human Rights through the experiences of their main characters — who witnessed firsthand such historical events. On the one hand, Another Day of Life reenacts the experience of a Polish reporter, Richard Kapuscinski, who visited Angola in 1975, in the midst of a war that culminated in the decolonization of the African country as a Portuguese province. On the other hand, Chris the Swiss approaches the Balkans war during the 90s, following Anja Kofmel’s personal research developed about the tragic decease of her own cousin, then a young reporter named Christian "Chris" WĂŒrtenberg.Moral MartĂ­n, J.; Del Caz PĂ©rez, B. (2020). De Angola a Yugoslavia. Periodismo, conflictos bĂ©licos y documental animado. Con A de animaciĂłn. 0(11):60-73. https://doi.org/10.4995/caa.2020.13983OJS6073011ASSMANN, Jan, 2011. Historia y mito en el mundo antiguo: Los orĂ­genes de la cultura en Egipto, Israel y Grecia, Madrid: Gredos.CATALÁ, Josep MarĂ­a, 2010. "Panoramas desde el puente: Nuevas vĂ­as del documental", en WEINRICHTER (ed.), Doc. Documentalismo en el siglo XXI, San SebastiĂĄn: Festival Internacional de Cine, pp. 33-52.DELGAUDIO, Sybil, 1997. "If Truth Be Told, Can 'Toons Tell It?", en Documentary and Animation Film History, 9 (2), pp.189-199.GREIMAS, Algirdas Julien y COURTÉS, Joseph, 1990. SemiĂłtica. Diccionario razonado de la teorĂ­a del lenguaje, Madrid: Gredos.GREIMAS, Algirdas Julien, 1987. SemĂĄntica estructural, Madrid: Gredos.GRODAL, Torben, 2018. "Aesthetics and Psychology of Animated Films", en UHRIG (ed.), Emotion in Animated Films, Nueva York: Routledge, pp. 107-121. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203731253-6HONESS ROE, Annabelle, 2013. Animated Documentary, Hampshire y Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan.KOFMEL, Anja, 2018. Chris the Swiss, Suiza: Dschoint Ventschr Filmproduktion.NICHOLS, Bill, 1994. Blurred Boundaries: Questions of Meaning in Contemporary Culture, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.SKOLLER, Jeffrey, 2011. "Making It (Un) real: Contemporary Theories and Practices in Documentary Animation", en Animation: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 6 (3), pp. 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1177/1746847711422496TODOROV, Tzvetan, 2000. Los abusos de la memoria, Barcelona: PaidĂłs.WARD, Paul, 2005. Documentary: The Margins of Reality, Londres: Wallflower.WELLS, Paul, 1997. "The Beautiful Village and the True Village: A Consideration of Animation and the Documentary Aesthetic", en WELLS (ed.), Art and Animation, Londres: Academy Editions, pp. 40-45

    Bisphenol A Exposure during Adulthood Alters Expression of Aromatase and 5α-Reductase Isozymes in Rat Prostate

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    The high incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) in elderly men is a cause of increasing public health concern. In recent years, various environmental endocrine disruptors, such as bisphenol A (BPA), have been shown to disrupt sexual organs, including the prostate gland. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Because androgens and estrogens are important factors in prostate physiopathology, our objective was to examine in rat ventral prostate the effects of adult exposure to BPA on 5α-Reductase isozymes (5α-R types 1, 2, and 3) and aromatase, key enzymes in the biosynthesis of dihydrotestosterone and estradiol, respectively. Adult rats were subcutaneously injected for four days with BPA (25, 50, 300, or 600 ”g/Kg/d) dissolved in vehicle. Quantitative RT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemical analyses showed lower mRNA and protein levels of 5α-R1 and 5α-R2 in BPA-treated groups versus controls but higher mRNA levels of 5α-R3, recently proposed as a biomarker of malignancy. However, BPA treatment augmented mRNA and protein levels of aromatase, whose increase has been described in prostate diseases. BPA-treated rats also evidenced a higher plasma estradiol/testosterone ratio, which is associated with prostate disease. Our results may offer new insights into the role of BPA in the development of prostate disease and may be of great value for studying the prostate disease risk associated with exposure to BPA in adulthood.The source of funding that has supported the work is European Fund of Regional Development (FEDER-BFU2008-05340)

    Heating and de-icing function in conductive concrete and cement paste with the hybrid addition of carbon nanotubes and graphite products

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    This paper aims to study the viability of conductive cement paste and conductive concrete with the hybrid addition of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphite powder (GP) as a self-heating material for heating, ice formation prevention and de-icing in pavements. Different heating tests, ice-preventing tests and de-icing tests were performed with cement paste and concrete specimens. Results confirm that the conductive cement composites studied, with the addition of 1% CNT + 5% GP, exhibited heating, de-icing and ice-prevention properties, when applying constant AC/DC voltages between the two end sides of each specimen, with relatively low energy consumption. The main contribution of this work is to achieve a sufficient conductivity level for the development of the heating and de-icing function using this hybrid addition in concrete, which has not been used so far, in order to be applied in real concrete structures.The authors would like to acknowledge financial support received from European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No. 760940 and from the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) (AICO/2019/050)

    Update on pregnancy and cardiovascular disease

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    Las enfermedades cardiovasculares en su totalidad, son la primera causa de muerte en la mujer gestante y puérpera en los países industrializados, sobre todo de origen congénito. Otras causas que lo pueden explicar son la cada vez mås avanzada edad en la que se produce el primer embarazo y el aumento de factores de riesgo cardiovascular. En estas mujeres los métodos de diagnóstico que se pueden emplear y las intervenciones que se pueden o deben llevar a cabo durante el embarazo, parto y puerperio han de ser tenidas en cuenta, y conocidas por la matrona. Por ello, se realiza una revisión bibliogråfica con el objetivo de presentar una actualización sobre el embarazo, en mujeres con enfermedad cardiovascular, con la evidencia disponible sobre los modos de actuación en estos casos.Cardiovascular diseases are in their entirety the main cause of death among pregnant women and women in the postpartum phase in industrialized countries, especially when they are congenital. Other causes that can explain it are the increasingly advanced age at which first pregnancy occurs and the increase in cardiovascular risk factors. In these women, the diagnostic methods that can be employed and the interventions that can or should be performed during pregnancy, labor and puerperium must be considered, and known, by the midwife. Hence, a literature review is performed with the aim of presenting an update on pregnancy in women with cardiovascular disease with the available evidence on the modes of action in these cases

    Combined dielectrophoresis and impedance systems for bacteria analysis in microfluidic on-chip platforms

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    Bacteria concentration and detection is time-consuming in regular microbiology procedures aimed to facilitate the detection and analysis of these cells at very low concentrations. Traditional methods are effective but often require several days to complete. This scenario results in low bioanalytical and diagnostic methodologies with associated increased costs and complexity. In recent years, the exploitation of the intrinsic electrical properties of cells has emerged as an appealing alternative approach for concentrating and detecting bacteria. The combination of dielectrophoresis (DEP) and impedance analysis (IA) in microfluidic on-chip platforms could be key to develop rapid, accurate, portable, simple-to-use and cost-effective microfluidic devices with a promising impact in medicine, public health, agricultural, food control and environmental areas. The present document reviews recent DEP and IA combined approaches and the latest relevant improvements focusing on bacteria concentration and detection, including selectivity, sensitivity, detection time, and conductivity variation enhancements. Furthermore, this review analyses future trends and challenges which need to be addressed in order to successfully commercialize these platforms resulting in an adequate social return of public-funded investments

    Health related quality of life improvement in chronic non-specific neck pain: secondary analysis from a single blinded, randomized clinical trial.

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    BACKGROUND: Chronic non-specific neck pain is related to limited cervical mobility, impaired function, neck muscles myofascial pain syndrome, and stress at work. The aforementioned factors are strongly related and may lead to a negative impact on health-related quality of life. There are some effective conservative Physical therapy interventions for treating chronic non-specific neck pain. Currently, Deep Dry Needling is emerging as an alternative for improving symptoms and consequently, the quality of life in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of Deep Dry Needling of myofascial trigger points on health-related quality of life improvement, as a secondary analysis, in people with chronic non-specific neck pain. METHODS: A randomized parallel-group blinded controlled clinical trial was conducted at a public Primary Health Care Centre in Madrid, Spain, from January 2011 to September 2014. One hundred thirty subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain and active myofascial trigger points in neck muscles were randomly allocated into two groups. Subjects in the intervention group (n = 65) were treated with Deep Dry Needling in active myofascial trigger points plus stretching in neck muscles; Control group (n = 65) received only stretching. Both interventions lasted 2 weeks, 2 sessions per week. Health-related quality of life was measured with Short Form-36 (SF-36), in 5 assessments: at baseline, after intervention period; and at 1, 3 and 6 months after intervention. RESULTS: For both groups, SF-36 mean values increased in all dimensions in every assessment. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in favor of the intervention group for all dimensions at the last assessment. For some dimensions (physical function, physical role, social function and vitality), the evidence was more consistent from the beginning. CONCLUSIONS: Deep Dry Needling plus stretching is more effective than stretching alone for Health-related quality of life improvement, especially for physical function, physical role, social function and vitality dimensions, in people with non-specific neck pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN22726482 . Registered 9 October 2011

    Dental Treatment in Patients with Leukemia

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    Dental treatment of patients with leukemia should be planned on the basis of antineoplastic therapy which can be chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. Many are the oral manifestations presented by these patients, arising from leukemia and/or treatment. In addition, performing dental procedures at different stages of treatment (before, during, or after) must follow certain protocols in relation to the haematological indices of patients, aimed at maintaining health and contributing to the effectiveness of the results of antineoplastic therapy. Through a literature review, the purpose of this study was to report the hematological abnormalities present in patients with leukemia, trying to correlate them with the feasibility of dental treatment at different stages of the disease. It is concluded in this paper that dental treatment in relation to haematological indices presented by patients with leukemia must follow certain protocols, mainly related to neutrophil and platelet counts, and the presence of the dentist in a multidisciplinary team is required for the health care of this patient

    The Effect of Different Oxygen Surface Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes on the Electrical Resistivity and Strain Sensing Function of Cement Pastes

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    Different studies in the literature indicate the effectiveness of CNTs as reinforcing materials in cement–matrix composites due to their high mechanical strength. Nevertheless, their incorporation into cement presents some difficulties due to their tendency to agglomerate, yielding a non-homogeneous dispersion in the paste mix that results in a poor cement–CNTs interaction. This makes the surface modification of the CNTs by introducing functional groups on the surface necessary. In this study, three different treatments for incorporating polar oxygen functional groups onto the surface of carbon nanotubes have been carried out, with the objective of evaluating the influence of the type and oxidation degree on the mechanical and electrical properties and in strain-sensing function of cement pastes containing CNTs. One treatment is in liquid phase (surface oxidation with HNO3/H2SO4), the second is in gas phase (O3 treatment at 25 and 160 °C), and a third is a combination of gas-phase O3 treatment plus NaOH liquid phase. The electrical conductivity of cement pastes increased with O3- and O3-NaOH-treated CNTs with respect to non-treated ones. Furthermore, the oxygen functionalization treatments clearly improve the strain sensing performance of the CNT-cement pastes, particularly in terms of the accuracy of the linear correlation between the resistance and the stress, as well as the increase in the gage factor from 28 to 65. Additionally, the incorporation of either non-functionalized or functionalized CNTs did not produce any significant modification of the mechanical properties of CNTs. Therefore, the functionalization of CNTs favours the de-agglomeration of CNTs in the cement matrix and consequently, the electrical conductivity, without affecting the mechanical behaviour.This research was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, grant number 760940

    Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Hepatic Injury via the Gut-Liver Axis During Acute Alcohol Injury.

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    Binge drinking, i.e., heavy episodic drinking in a short time, has recently become an alarming societal problem with negative health impact. However, the harmful effects of acute alcohol injury in the gut-liver axis remain elusive. Hence, we focused on the physiological and pathological changes and the underlying mechanisms of experimental binge drinking in the context of the gut-liver axis. Eight-week-old mice with a C57BL/6 background received a single dose (p.o.) of ethanol (EtOH) [6 g/kg b.w.] as a preclinical model of acute alcohol injury. Controls received a single dose of PBS. Mice were sacrificed 8 h later. In parallel, HepaRGs and Caco-2 cells, human cell lines of differentiated hepatocytes and intestinal epithelial cells intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), respectively, were challenged in the presence or absence of EtOH [0-100 mM]. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated by ultracentrifugation from culture media of IECs were added to hepatocyte cell cultures. Increased intestinal permeability, loss of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and MUCIN-2 expression, and alterations in microbiota-increased Lactobacillus and decreased Lachnospiraceae species-were found in the large intestine of mice exposed to EtOH. Increased TUNEL-positive cells, infiltration of CD11b-positive immune cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tlr4, tnf, il1ÎČ), and markers of lipid accumulation (Oil Red O, srbep1) were evident in livers of mice exposed to EtOH, particularly in females. In vitro experiments indicated that EVs released by IECs in response to ethanol exerted a deleterious effect on hepatocyte viability and lipid accumulation. Overall, our data identified a novel mechanism responsible for driving hepatic injury in the gut-liver axis, opening novel avenues for therapy.This work was supported by the MINECO Retos SAF2016-78711, SAF2017-87919-R, EXOHEP-CM S2017/BMD-3727, NanoLiver-CM Y2018/NMT-4949, ERAB Ref. EA 18/14, AMMF 2018/117, UCM-25-2019 and COST Action CA17112, the German Research Foundation (SFB/TRR57/P04, SFB 1382-403224013/A02, and DFG NE 2128/2-1). FC and YN are RamĂłn y Cajal Researchers RYC-2014-15242 and RYC-2015-17438. FC is a Gilead Liver Research 2018. KZ is a recipient of a Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC). BK20170127 from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province to JP.S

    Therapeutic measures in a moving ambulance: Qualitative study of professional opinions regarding prehospital emergencies

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    Background: current organization of the prehospital emergency teams, decreasing the prehospital times, given the possibility of working during the patient’s transport and, therefore, the consequences that may result from the same improving the prognostic. Objectives: To explore the opinion of professional healthcare experts regarding prehospital emergencies arising when forced to assist a critical patient in a moving vehicle, based on a high-fidelity clinical simulation, as well as the factors influencing them. Methods: An exploratory study of content analysis with qualitative methodology, via semi-structured questionnaires that are self-completed anonymously, before and after the clinical simulation intervention in which participants intubate a mannequin in a moving ambulance. The sample consisted of 36 experts in prehospital emergencies from the province of Alicante (Spain). Codification and assessment of the data obtained was carried out via triangulation, respecting the language and literal expressions of the participants. Results: Thirty-two pre- and post-intervention questionnaires were completed. Four different units of meaning or categories emerged which were organized based on two thematic structures, from the perspective of professional and patient needs. Twenty-three participants had never previously intubated in a moving vehicle. Discussion: Working in a moving vehicle may be yet another aspect to consider in the specialized teaching–learning process of prehospital emergency medicine. Conclusion: Based on the need to decrease prehospital assistance times, a new paradigm has been opened in prehospital emergencies with the possibility of being able to safely assist our patients during their transport on a moving ambulance or helicopter. It will be necessary further research in the future
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